| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Wireless Sensor Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Enabling Technologies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hardware | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wireless Networking | |
| |
| |
| |
| Collaborative Signal Processing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evolution of Sensor Nodes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Military Networks of Sensors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Next Generation Wireless Sensor Nodes | |
| |
| |
| |
| WINS from UCLA | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motes from UC Berkeley | |
| |
| |
| |
| Medusa from UCLA | |
| |
| |
| |
| PicoRadio from UC Berkeley | |
| |
| |
| |
| [mu]AMPS from MIT | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Microscopic Sensor Nodes? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Applications of Interest | |
| |
| |
| |
| Data Gathering Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
| Habitat Study | |
| |
| |
| |
| Environmental Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| |
| Computation-Intensive Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structural Health Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| |
| Heavy Industrial Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| |
| Research Topics and Challenges | |
| |
| |
| |
| Focus of This Book | |
| |
| |
| |
| Background | |
| |
| |
| |
| Data-Centric Paradigm | |
| |
| |
| |
| Collaborative Information Processing and Routing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cross-Layer Optimization for Energy-Efficiency | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motivation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Consideration for Collaborative Information Processing and Routing | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Brief Survey of Cross-Layer Optimization for Energy-Efficient Collaborative Information Processing and Routing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hardware Layer | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physical Layer | |
| |
| |
| |
| MAC Layer | |
| |
| |
| |
| Routing Layer | |
| |
| |
| |
| Application Layer | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
| Energy Models | |
| |
| |
| |
| Definitions and Notations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mathematics and Graphs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Network Topology Graph | |
| |
| |
| |
| Application Graph | |
| |
| |
| |
| Performance Metrics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Energy Models | |
| |
| |
| |
| Voltage Scaling | |
| |
| |
| |
| Rate Adaptation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tunable Compression | |
| |
| |
| |
| Information Processing within a Collocated Cluster | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motivation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Technical Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chapter Organization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Related Work | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problem Definition | |
| |
| |
| |
| System Model | |
| |
| |
| |
| Application Model | |
| |
| |
| |
| Task Allocation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Integer Linear Programming Formulation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Heuristic Approach | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phase 1 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phase 2 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phase 3 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simulation Results | |
| |
| |
| |
| Synthetic Application Graphs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simulation Setup | |
| |
| |
| |
| Small Scale Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Large Scale Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Impact of the Number of Voltage Levels | |
| |
| |
| |
| Incorporating Rate Adaptation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Application Graphs from Real World Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| LU Factorization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
| Information Transportation over a Tree Substrate | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motivation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Technical Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chapter Organization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Related work | |
| |
| |
| |
| Models and Assumptions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Data Gathering Tree | |
| |
| |
| |
| Data Aggregation Paradigm | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problem Definition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Off-Line Algorithms for PTP | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Numerical Optimization Algorithm | |
| |
| |
| |
| Performance Analysis for a Special Case | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Dynamic Programming-Based Approximation Algorithm | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Distributed On-Line Protocol | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simulation Results | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simulation Setup | |
| |
| |
| |
| Performance of the Off-Line Algorithms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Performance Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Impact of Radio Parameters | |
| |
| |
| |
| Performance of the On-Line Protocol | |
| |
| |
| |
| Performance Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Impact of Network Parameters | |
| |
| |
| |
| Adaptability to System Variations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
| Information Routing with Tunable Compression | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Technical Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chapter Organization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Related Work | |
| |
| |
| |
| Models and Assumptions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nomenclature | |
| |
| |
| |
| Network Model | |
| |
| |
| |
| Flow-Based Data Gathering | |
| |
| |
| |
| Discussion | |
| |
| |
| |
| An Example | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problem Definition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Optimal Flow in a Given Tree | |
| |
| |
| |
| Example Revisited | |
| |
| |
| |
| Determining the Optimal Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
| Analytical Study of SPT and MST | |
| |
| |
| |
| Analysis for a Grid Deployment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tradeoffs Between SPT and MST | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tradeoffs for Entropy Model E1 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tradeoffs for Entropy Model E2 | |
| |
| |
| |
| SPT is optimal for Entropy Model E3 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary of Grid Deployment | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Randomized O(log[superscript 2] v) Approximation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simulation Results | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simulation Setup | |
| |
| |
| |
| Results | |
| |
| |
| |
| Main Results | |
| |
| |
| |
| Impact of the number of source nodes R | |
| |
| |
| |
| Impact of the communication range r | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concluding Remarks | |
| |
| |
| |
| Future Work | |
| |
| |
| |
| Adaptive Fidelity Algorithms | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Broad View of Future Research | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mobile Sensor Nodes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Routing Diversity | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sleep Scheduling | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Correctness of EMR-Algo | |
| |
| |
| |
| Performance Bound of SPT and MST for TDG problem with grid deployment | |
| |
| |
| Index | |