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| Introduction | |
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| Scope and Organization | |
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| Abbreviations and Symbols | |
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| Summary Tables | |
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| General Tables | |
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| Calculation of the Number of Double Bond Equivalents from the Molecular Formula | |
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| Properties of Selected Nuclei | |
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| <sup>13</sup>C NMR Spectroscopy | |
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| <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectroscopy | |
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| IR Spectroscopy | |
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| Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Average Masses of Naturally Occurring Elements with Exact Masses and Representative Relative Abundances of Isotopes | |
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| Ranges of Natural Isotope Abundances of Selected Elements | |
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| Isotope Patterns of Naturally Occurring Elements | |
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| Calculation of Isotope Distributions | |
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| Isotopic Abundances of Various Combinations of Chlorine, Bromine, Sulfur, and Silicon | |
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| Isotope Patterns of Combinations of CI and Br | |
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| Indicators of the Presence of Heteratoms | |
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| Rules for Determining the Relative Molecular Weight (Mr) | |
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| Homologous Mass Series as Indications of Structural Type | |
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| Mass Correlation Table | |
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| References | |
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| UV/Vis Spectroscopy | |
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| Combination Tables | |
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| Alkanes, Cycloalkanes | |
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| Alkenes, Cycloalkenes | |
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| Alkynes | |
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| Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Heteroaromatic Compounds | |
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| Halogen Compounds | |
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| Oxygen Compounds | |
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| Alcohols and Phenols | |
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| Ethers | |
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| Nitrogen Compounds | |
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| Amines | |
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| Nitro Compounds | |
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| Thiols and Sulfides | |
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| Carbonyl Compounds | |
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| Aldehydes | |
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| Ketones | |
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| Carboxylic Acids | |
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| Carboxylic Esters and Lactones | |
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| Carboxylic Amides and Lactams | |
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| <sup>13</sup>C NMR Spectroscopy | |
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| Alkanes | |
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| Chemical Shifts | |
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| Coupling Constants | |
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| References | |
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| Alkenes | |
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| Chemical Shifts | |
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| Coupling Constants | |
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| References | |
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| Alkynes | |
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| Chemical Shifts | |
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| Coupling Constants | |
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| References | |
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| Alicyclics | |
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| Chemical Shifts | |
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| Coupling Constants | |
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| References | |
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| Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Chemical Shifts | |
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| Coupling Constants | |
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| References | |
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| Heteroaromatic Compounds | |
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| Chemical Shifts | |
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| Coupling Constants | |
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| Halogen Compounds | |
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| Fluoro Compounds | |
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| Chloro Compounds | |
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| Bromo Compounds | |
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| Iodo Compounds | |
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| References | |
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| Alcohols, Ethers, and Related Compounds | |
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| Alcohols | |
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| Ethers | |
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| Nitrogen Compounds | |
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| Amines | |
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| Nitro and Nitroso Compounds | |
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| Nitrosamines | |
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| Imines and Oximes | |
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| Hydrazones and Carbodiimides | |
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| Nitriles and Isonitriles | |
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| Isocyanates, Thiocyanates and Isothiocyanates | |
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| References | |
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| Sulfur-Containing Functional Groups | |
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| Thiols | |
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| Sulfides | |
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| Disulfides and Sulfonium Salts | |
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| Sulfoxides and Sulfones | |
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| Sulfonic and Sulfinic Acids and Derivatives | |
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| Sulfurous and Sulfuric Acid Derivatives | |
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| Sulfur-Containing Carbonyl Derivatives | |
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| Carbonyl Compounds | |
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| Aldehydes | |
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| Ketones | |
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| Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylates | |
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| Esters and Lactones | |
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| Amides and Lactams | |
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| Miscellaneous Carbonyl Derivatives | |
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| Miscellaneous Compounds | |
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| Derivatives of Group IV Elements | |
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| Phosphorus Compounds | |
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| Miscellaneous Organometallic Compounds | |
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| Natural Products | |
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| Amino Acids | |
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| Carbohydrates | |
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| Nucleotides and Nucleosides | |
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| Steroids | |
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| Spectra of Solvents and Reference Compounds | |
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| <sup>13</sup>C NMR Spectra of Common Deuterated Solvents | |
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| <sup>13</sup>C NMR Spectra of Secondary Reference Compounds | |
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| <sup>13</sup>C NMR Spectrum of a Mixture of Common Nondeuterated Solvents | |
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| <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectroscopy | |
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| Alkanes | |
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| Chemical Shifts | |
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| Coupling Constants | |
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| References | |
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| Alkenes | |
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| Substituted Ethylenes | |
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| Dienes | |
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| Alkynes | |
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| Chemical Shifts and Coupling Constants | |
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| Alicyclics | |
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| Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Heteroaromatic Compounds | |
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| Non-Condensed Heteroaromatic Rings | |
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| Condensed Heteroaromatic Rings | |
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| Halogen Compounds | |
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| Fluoro Compounds | |
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| Chloro Compounds | |
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| Bromo Compounds | |
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| Iodo Compounds | |
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| Alcohols, Ethers, and Related Compounds | |
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| Alcohols | |
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| Ethers | |
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| Nitrogen Compounds | |
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| Amines | |
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| Nitro and Nitroso Compounds | |
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| Nitrosamines, Azo, and Azoxy Compounds | |
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| Imines, Oximes, Hydrazones, and Azines | |
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| Nitriles and Isonitriles | |
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| Cyanates, Isocyanates, Thiocyanates, and Isothiocyanates | |
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| Sulfur-Containing Functional Groups | |
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| Thiols | |
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| Sulfides | |
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| Disulfides and Sulfonium Salts | |
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| Sulfoxides and Sulfones | |
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| Sulfonic, Sulfinic, Sulfurous, and Sulfuric Acids and Derivatives | |
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| Thiocarboxylate Derivatives | |
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| Carbonyl Compounds | |
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| Aldehydes | |
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| Ketones | |
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| Carboxylie Acids and Carboxylates | |
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| Esters and Lactones | |
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| Amides and Lactams | |
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| Miscellaneous Carbonyl Derivatives | |
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| Miscellaneous Compounds | |
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| Silicon Compounds | |
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| Phosphorus Compounds | |
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| Miscellaneous Compounds | |
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| Natural Products | |
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| Amino Acids | |
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| Carbohydrates | |
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| Nucleotides and Nucleosides | |
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| References | |
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| Spectra of Solvents and Reference Compounds | |
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| <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectra of Common Deuterated Solvents | |
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| <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectra of Secondary Reference Compounds | |
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| 1H NMR Spectrum of a Mixture of Common Nondeuterated Solvents | |
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| IR Spectroscopy | |
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| Alkanes | |
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| Alkenes | |
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| Monoenes | |
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| Allenes | |
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| Alkynes | |
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| Alicyclics | |
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| Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Heteroaromatic Compounds | |
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| Halogen Compounds | |
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| Fluoro Compounds | |
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| Chloro Compounds | |
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| Bromo Compounds | |
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| Iodo Compounds | |
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| Alcohols, Ethers, and Related Compounds | |
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| Alcohols and Phenols | |
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| Ethers, Acetals, Ketals | |
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| Epoxides | |
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| Peroxides and Hydroperoxides | |
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| Nitrogen Compounds | |
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| Amines and Related Compounds | |
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| Nitro and Nitroso Compounds | |
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| Imines and Oximes | |
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| Azo Compounds | |
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| Nitriles and Isonitriles | |
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| Diazo Compounds | |
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| Cyanates and Isocyanates | |
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| Thiocyanates and Isothiocyanates | |
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| Sulfur-Containing Functional Groups | |
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| Thiols and Sulfides | |
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| Sulfoxides and Sulfones | |
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| Thiocarbonyl Derivatives | |
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| Thiocarbonic Acid Derivatives | |
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| Carbonyl Compounds | |
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| Aldehydes | |
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| Ketones | |
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| Carboxylie Acids | |
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| Esters and Lactones | |
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| Amides and Lactames | |
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| Acid Anhydrides | |
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| Acid Halides | |
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| Carbonic Acid Derivatives | |
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| Miscellaneous Compounds | |
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| Silicon Compounds | |
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| Phosphorus Compounds | |
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| Boron Compounds | |
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| Amino Acids | |
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| Solvents, Suspension Media, and Interferences | |
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| Infrared Spectra of Common Solvents | |
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| Infrared Spectra of Suspension Media | |
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| Interferences in Infrared Spectra | |
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| Mass Spectrometry | |
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| Alkanes | |
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| Unbranched Alkanes | |
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| Branched Alkanes | |
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| References | |
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| Alkenes | |
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| Unbranched Alkenes | |
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| Branched Alkenes | |
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| Polyenes and Polyynes | |
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| References | |
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| Alkynes | |
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| Aliphatic Alkynes | |
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| References | |
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| Alicyclic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Cyclopropanes | |
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| Saturated Monocyclic Alicyclics | |
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| Polycyclic Alicyclics | |
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| Cyclohexenes | |
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| References | |
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| Aromatic Hydrocarbones | |
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| Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Alkylsubstituted Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| References | |
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| Heteroaromatic Compounds | |
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| General Characteristics | |
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| Furans | |
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| Thiophenes | |
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| Pyrroles | |