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Introduction | |
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The Decision Process: Five Key Steps | |
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Establish a Context for Success | |
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Frame the Issue Properly | |
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Generate Alternatives | |
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Evaluate the Alternatives | |
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Choose the Best Alternative | |
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Summing Up | |
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The Context for Success: Setting the Stage | |
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Get the Right People to Participate | |
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Give Some Thought to the Setting | |
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Agree on How the Decision Will Be Made | |
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From Advocacy to Dialogue | |
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A Hybrid Approach | |
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Summing Up | |
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The Framing Challenge: What Is the Real Problem? | |
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Perils and Promise | |
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Don't Impose Your Frame on Others | |
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Apply Creative Thinking | |
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Summing Up | |
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Alternatives: The Source of Superior Solutions | |
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Generating Alternatives | |
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Brainstorming | |
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Bring a Creative Group to the Task | |
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Characteristics of Good Alternatives | |
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Summing Up | |
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Evaluate the Alternatives: Finding the Value of Each Option | |
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Variables to Consider | |
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Financial Analysis | |
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The Prioritization Matrix | |
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The Trade-off Table | |
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Decision Trees | |
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Computers to the Rescue | |
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The Problem of Uncertainty | |
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Summing Up | |
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Make the Decision: Getting to Agreement | |
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Three Decision-Making Techniques | |
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Other Ways to Resolve Disagreements and Reach Closure | |
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Ending Deliberations | |
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After the Decision | |
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Summing Up | |
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The Uncertainty Problem: How to Deal with Unknowns | |
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Identify Areas of Uncertainty | |
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Determine Which Uncertainties Could Have the Greatest Impact | |
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Attempt to Reduce Key Uncertainties | |
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When to Trust Your Gut | |
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Summing Up | |
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Human Foibles: How to Counter Tendencies That Can Ambush Your Decision | |
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Anchoring and Adjustment | |
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Overconfidence | |
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Sunk Costs | |
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The Confirming-Evidence Bias | |
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False Analogies | |
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Summing Up | |
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Organizational Traps: The Madness-and the Wisdom-of Crowds | |
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Social Influences | |
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Groupthink | |
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Rewarding Optimists and Punishing Pessimists | |
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When Groups Make Better Decisions | |
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Summing Up | |
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Toward a Smarter Organization: Getting Better at Making Decisions | |
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The GM Experience | |
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Lessons for Organizational Improvement | |
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What Leaders Must Do | |
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Summing Up | |
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Useful Implementation Tools | |
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Financial Tools for Evaluating Alternatives | |
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Notes | |
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Glossary | |
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For Further Reading | |
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Index | |
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About the Subject Adviser | |
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About the Writer | |