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| The Multiple Conceptions of Addictive Behavior and Clinical Practice Today | |
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| Conceptions of Addiction in U.S. History | |
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| Addiction as Immoral Conduct | |
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| Addiction as a Disease | |
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| Addiction as Maladaptive Behavior | |
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| The Need for Theory | |
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| What Exactly Is a Theory? | |
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| Formal Attributes of a Good Theory | |
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| Substantive Attributes of Theories on Addictive Behavior | |
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| Theory, Research, and Contemporary Clinical Practice | |
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| Barriers to Change in the Treatment Community | |
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| Practical Issues Ignored by Researchers | |
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| Recent Efforts to Bridge the Gap: Technology Transfer | |
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| Competently Administered Prevention and Treatment Programs Are Effective | |
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| Purpose of the Book | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| The Disease Models | |
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| Different Disease Conceptions | |
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| Tolerance and Withdrawal | |
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| Addiction as a Primary Disease | |
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| Genetic Origins of Addiction: The Susceptibility Model | |
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| Effects of Drugs on Brain Structure and Function: The Exposure Model | |
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| Loss of Control | |
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| Addiction as a Progressive Disease | |
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| Addiction as a Chronic Disease | |
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| Denial | |
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| Strengths of the Disease Models | |
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| Weaknesses of the Disease Models | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Psychoanalytic Formulations | |
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| Freud | |
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| Psychoanalysis: A Type of Psychotherapy | |
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| Personality Structure | |
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| Anxiety, Defense Mechanisms, and the Unconscious | |
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| Psychosexual Development | |
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| Insights into Compulsive Substance Use | |
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| Contemporary Treatment of Addiction | |
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| The Importance of Psychoanalytic Concepts in Substance Abuse Counseling | |
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| General Criticisms of Psychoanalysis | |
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| Criticism of the Psychoanalytic View of Addiction | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Conditioning Models and Approaches to Contingency Management | |
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| Conditioned Behavior | |
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| Initiation of Alcohol and Drug Use | |
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| Addiction | |
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| Relationship between Addiction and Physical Dependence | |
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| Cessation and Relapse | |
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| Blood Alcohol Discrimination | |
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| Behavioral Tolerance | |
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| Principles of Contingency Management | |
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| Applications of Contingency Contracting | |
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| Effectiveness of Contingency Management Approaches | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Cognitive Models | |
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| Basic Social Cognitive Concepts | |
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| Modeling and Substance Use | |
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| Self-Efficacy and Treatment Outcomes | |
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| Role of Outcome Expectancy in Alcohol and Drug Use | |
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| Alcohol and Stress: Cognition as a Mediating Process | |
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| Stress Response Dampening | |
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| Tiffany's Model of Drug Urges and Cravings | |
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| Relapse | |
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| Project MATCH: A Test of Cognitive Therapy | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| The Family System | |
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| Clinically Generated Concepts | |
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| Bowen's Family Systems Theory | |
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| Codependency | |
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| Children in Alcoholic Families: Clinical Accounts | |
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| Role Behavior | |
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| The Process of Family Therapy | |
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| Findings from the Research Literature | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Social and Cultural Foundations | |
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| Resistance to Considering the Social Origins of Alcoholism | |
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| Time and Place as Social Determinants of Illicit Drug Use | |
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| The Influence of Culture on Diagnostic Determinations | |
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| Sociological Functions of Substance Abuse | |
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| Social Facilitation | |
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| "Time Out" from Social Obligations | |
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| Promoting Group Solidarity/Establishing Social Boundaries | |
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| Drug Subcultures: Repudiation of Middle-Class Values | |
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| Implications for Counseling | |
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| Limitations | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Conditions That Facilitate and Inhibit Change in Addictive Behavior | |
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| Addictive Behavior Models and Client Motivation | |
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| Stages of Change in Addictive Behavior | |
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| Coercion | |
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| Confrontative Treatment | |
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| Motivation Enhancement | |
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| Harm Reduction Approaches | |
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| The Impact of Managed Care | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |