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| Preface | |
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| Introduction / Embryology: Clinical Relevance and Historical Perspective | |
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| General Embryology | |
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| Introduction to Molecular Regulation and Signaling | |
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| Gene Transcription | |
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| Other Regulators of Gene Expression | |
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| Induction and Organ Formation | |
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| Cell Signaling | |
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| Gametogenesis: Conversion of Germ Cells into Male and Female Gametes | |
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| Primordial Germ Cells | |
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| The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance | |
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| Morphological Changes During Maturation of the Gametes | |
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| First Week of Development: Ovulation to Implantation | |
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| Ovarian Cycle | |
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| Fertilization | |
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| Cleavage | |
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| Blastocyst Formation | |
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| Uterus at Time of Implantation | |
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| Second Week of Development: Bilaminar Germ Disc | |
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| Day 8 | |
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| Day 9 | |
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| Days 11 and 12 | |
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| Day 13 | |
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| Third Week of Development: Trilaminar Germ Disc | |
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| Gastrulation: Formation of Embryonic Mesoderm and Endoderm | |
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| Formation of the Notochord | |
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| Establishment of the Body Axes | |
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| Fate Map Established During Gastrulation | |
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| Growth of the Embryonic Disc | |
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| Further Development of the Trophoblast | |
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| Third to Eighth Weeks: The Embryonic Period | |
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| Derivatives of the Ectodermal Germ Layer | |
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| Derivatives of the Mesodermal Germ Layer | |
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| Derivatives of the Endodermal Germ Layer | |
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| Patterning of the Anteroposterior Axis: Regulation by Homeobox Genes | |
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| External Appearance During the Second Month | |
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| The Gut Tube and the Body Cavities | |
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| A Tube on Top of a Tube | |
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| Formation of the Body Cavity | |
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| Serous Membranes | |
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| Diaphragm and Thoracic Cavity | |
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| Formation of the Diaphragm | |
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| Third Month to Birth: The Fetus and Placenta | |
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| Development of the Fetus | |
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| Fetal Membranes and Placenta | |
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| Chorion Frondosum and Decidua Basalis | |
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| Structure of the Placenta | |
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| Amnion and Umbilical Cord | |
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| Placental Changes at the End of Pregnancy | |
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| Amniotic Fluid | |
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| Fetal Membranes in Twins | |
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| Parturition (Birth) | |
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| Birth Defects and Prenatal Diagnosis | |
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| Birth Defects | |
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| Prenatal Diagnosis | |
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| Fetal Therapy | |
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| Systems-Based Embryology | |
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| The Axial Skeleton | |
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| Skull | |
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| Vertebrae and the Vertebral Column | |
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| Ribs and Sternum | |
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| Muscular System | |
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| Striated Skeletal Musculature | |
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| Innervation of Axial Skeletal Muscles | |
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| Skeletal Muscle and Tendons | |
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| Mclecular Regulation of Muscle Development | |
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| Patterning of Muscles | |
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| Head Musculature | |
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| Limb Musculature | |
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| Cardiac Muscle | |
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| Smooth Muscle | |
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| Limbs | |
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| Limb Growth And Development | |
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| Limb Musculature | |
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| Cardiovascular System | |
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| Establishment and Patterning of the Primary Heart Field | |
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| Formation and Position of the Heart Tube | |
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| Formation of the Cardiac Loop | |
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| Molecular Regulation of Cardiac Development | |
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| Development of the Sinus Venosus | |
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| Formation of the Cardiac Septa | |
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| Formation of the Conducting System of the Heart | |
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| Vascular Development | |
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| Circulation Before and After Birth | |
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| Respiratory System | |
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| Formation of the Lung Buds | |
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| Larynx | |
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| Trachea, Bronchi, And Lungs | |
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| Maturation of the Lungs | |
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| Digestive System | |
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| Divisions of the Gut Tube | |
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| Molecular Regulation of Gut Tube Development | |
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| Mesenteries | |
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| Foregut | |
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| Molecular Regulation of Liver Induction | |
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| Pancreas | |
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| Midgut | |
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| Hindgut | |
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| Urogenital System | |
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| Urinary System | |
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| Genital System | |
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| Head and Neck | |
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| Pharyngeal Arches | |
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| Pharyngeal Pouches | |
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| Pharyngeal Clefts | |
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| Molecular Regulation of Facial Development | |
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| Tongue | |
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| Thyroid Gland | |
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| Face | |
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| Intermaxillary Segment | |
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| Secondary Palate | |
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| Nasal Cavities | |
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| Teeth | |
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| Molecular Regulation of Tooth Development | |
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| Central Nervous System | |
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| Spinal Cord | |
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| Brain | |
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| Molecular Regulation of Brain Development | |
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| Cranial Nerves | |
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| Autonomic Nervous System | |
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| Ear | |
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| Internal Ear | |
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| Middle Ear | |
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| External Ear | |
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| Eye | |
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| Optic Cup and Lens Vesicle | |
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| Retina, Iris, and Ciliary Body | |
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| Lens | |
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| Choroid, Sclera, and Cornea | |
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| Vitreous Body | |
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| Optic Nerve | |
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| Molecular Regulation of Eye Development | |
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| Integumentary System | |
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| Skin | |
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| Hair | |
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| Sweat Glands | |
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| Mammary Glands | |
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| Appendix | |
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| Answers to Problems | |
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| Figure Credits | |
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| Glossary of Key Terms | |
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| Index | |