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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction to Fluid Mechanics | |
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| Author | |
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| Fundamental Concepts | |
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| Definition of a Fluid | |
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| Dimensions and Units | |
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| Properties of Fluids | |
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| Viscosity | |
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| Time-Independent Fluids | |
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| Time-Dependent Fluids | |
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| Viscoelastic Fluids | |
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| Pressure | |
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| Density | |
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| Kinematic Viscosity | |
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| Surface Tension | |
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| Specific Heat | |
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| Internal Energy | |
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| Enthalpy | |
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| Compressibility Factor/Bulk Modulus | |
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| Ideal Gas Law | |
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| Liquids and Gases | |
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| Continuum | |
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| Problems | |
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| Fluid Statics | |
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| Pressure and Pressure Measurement | |
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| Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged Plane Surfaces | |
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| Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged Curved Surfaces | |
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| Equilibrium of Accelerating Fluids | |
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| Forces on Submerged Bodies | |
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| Stability of Submerged and Floating Bodies | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Basic Equations of Fluid Mechanics | |
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| Kinematics of Flow | |
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| Control Volume Approach | |
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| Continuity Equation | |
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| Momentum Equation | |
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| Linear Momentum Equation | |
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| Angular Momentum Equation | |
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| Energy Equation | |
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| Bernoulli's Equation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Dimensional Analysis and Dynamic Similitude | |
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| Dimensional Homogeneity and Analysis | |
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| Rayleigh Method | |
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| Buckingham Pi Method | |
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| Dimensionless Ratios | |
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| Flow in a Pipe or Conduit | |
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| Flow over Immersed Bodies | |
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| Open-Channel Flow | |
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| Unbounded Flows | |
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| Dimensional Analysis by Inspection | |
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| Similitude | |
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| Geometric Similarity | |
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| Dynamic Similarity | |
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| Modeling | |
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| Correlation of Experimental Data | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Flow in Closed Conduits | |
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| Laminar and Turbulent Flow | |
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| Effect of Viscosity | |
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| Entrance Effects | |
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| Pipe Dimensions and Specifications | |
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| Equivalent Diameters for Noncircular Ducts | |
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| Equation of Motion | |
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| The Friction Factor and Pipe Roughness | |
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| Flow through Pipes of Noncircular Cross Sections | |
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| Flow through an Annulus | |
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| Miscellaneous Geometries | |
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| Simple Piping Systems | |
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| Minor Losses | |
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| Forces Exerted on Fittings by Moving Fluids | |
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| Pipes in Parallel | |
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| Pumps and Piping Systems | |
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| Summary | |
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| Boundary-Layer Growth and Separation | |
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| Boundary-Layer Growth | |
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| Separation | |
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| Drag on Various Two-Dimensional Bodies | |
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| Drag on Various Three-Dimensional Bodies | |
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| Applications to Ground Vehicles | |
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| Bicycle-Rider Combinations | |
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| Automobiles | |
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| Tractor-Trailer Trucks | |
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| Lift on Airfoils | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Flow in Open Channels | |
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| Types of Open-Channel Flows | |
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| Open-Channel Geometry Factors | |
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| Energy Considerations in Open-Channel Flows | |
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| Flow under a Sluice Gate | |
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| Flow through a Venturi Flume | |
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| Critical Flow Calculations | |
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| Equations for Uniform Open-Channel Flows | |
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| Laminar Open-Channel Flow | |
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| Reynolds Number and Transition | |
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| Turbulent Open-Channel Flow | |
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| Hydraulically Optimum Cross Section | |
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| Nonuniform Open-Channel Flow | |
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| Gradually Varied Flow | |
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| Rapidly Varied Flow | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Compressible Flow | |
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| Sonic Velocity and Mach Number | |
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| Stagnation Properties and Isentropic Flow | |
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| Flow through a Channel of Varying Area | |
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| Normal Shock Waves | |
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| Compressible Flow with Friction | |
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| Compressible Flow with Heat Transfer | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Turbomachinery | |
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| Equations of Turbomachinery | |
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| Axial-Flow Turbines | |
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| Axial-Flow Compressors, Pumps, and Fans | |
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| Radial-Flow Turbines | |
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| Radial-Flow Compressors and Pumps | |
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| Power-Absorbing versus Power-Producing Machines | |
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| Dimensional Analysis of Turbomachinery | |
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| Performance Characteristics of Centrifugal Pumps | |
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| Performance Characteristics of Hydraulic Turbines | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Measurements in Fluid Mechanics | |
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| Measurement of Viscosity | |
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| Measurement of Static and Stagnation Pressures | |
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| Measurement of Velocity | |
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| Measurement of Flow Rates in Closed Conduits | |
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| Measurements in Open-Channel Flows | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| The Navier-Stokes Equations | |
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| Equations of Motion | |
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| Applications to Laminar Flow | |
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| Flow in a Circular Duct | |
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| Flow down an Inclined Plane | |
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| Flow through a Straight Channel | |
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| Plane Couette Flow | |
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| Flow between Two Rotating Concentric Cylinders | |
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| Graphical Solution Methods for Unsteady Laminar Flow Problems | |
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| Suddenly Accelerated Flat Plate | |
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| Unsteady Plane Couette Flow | |
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| Unsteady Flow between Concentric Circular Cylinders | |
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| Unsteady Flow in a Plane Channel (Start-Up Flow) | |
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| Introduction to Turbulent Flow | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Inviscid Flow | |
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| Equations of Two-Dimensional Inviscid Flows | |
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| Continuity Equation | |
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| Momentum Equation | |
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| Stream Function and Velocity Potential | |
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| Irrotational Flow | |
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| Laplace's Equation and Various Flow Fields | |
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| Uniform Flow | |
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| Source Flow | |
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| Sink Flow | |
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| Irrotational Vortex Flow | |
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| Combined Flows and Superpositions | |
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| Flow about a Half-Body | |
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| Source and Sink of Equal Strengths | |
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| Flow about a Doublet | |
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| Flow about a Rankine Body | |
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| Flow about a Circular Cylinder | |
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| Flow about a Circular Cylinder with Circulation | |
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| Inviscid Flow Past an Airfoil | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Boundary-Layer Flow | |
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| Laminar and Turbulent Boundary-Layer Flow | |
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| Equations of Motion for the Boundary Layer | |
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| Laminar Boundary-Layer Flow over a Flat Plate | |
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| Momentum Integral Equation | |
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| Momentum Integral Method for Laminar Flow over a Flat Plate | |
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| Momentum Integral Method for Turbulent Flow over a Flat Plate | |
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| Laminar and Turbulent Boundary-Layer Flow over a Flat Plate | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Appendices | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Index | |