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Contents | |
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Preface | |
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Central Operation and Control of Power Systems | |
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General | |
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Control Center of a Power System | |
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Digital Computer Configuration | |
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Automatic Generation Control for a Power System | |
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Area Control Error | |
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CPS1, 1 Minute Average | |
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CPS2, 10 Minute Average | |
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Disturbance Conditions | |
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Operation without Central Computers or AGC | |
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Parallel Operation of Generators | |
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Network Power Flows | |
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Oversimplified Power Flow (dc Power Flow) | |
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Area Lumped Dynamic Model | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Elements of Transmission Networks | |
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Phasor Notation | |
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Symmetrical Component Transformation | |
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Floating Voltage Base Per-Unit Systems | |
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Overhead Transmission Line Representation | |
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Inductance of Long Parallel Conductors | |
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Balanced Three-Phase Lines | |
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Unbalanced Lines | |
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Capacitance of Transmission Lines | |
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General Method to Determine Aerial Transmission Line Parameters | |
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Transformer Representation | |
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Wye-Delta and Phase-Shift Transformers | |
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Multiple-Winding Transformers | |
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Synchronous Machine Representation | |
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Steady-State Synchronous Machine Equivalent | |
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Short-Circuit Characteristics | |
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Transient Time-Frame Synchronous Machine Equivalent | |
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Subtransient Time-Frame Synchronous Machine Equivalent | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Bus Reference Frame | |
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Linear Network Injections and Loads | |
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Bus Impedance Matrix for Elements without Mutual Coupling | |
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Adding a Tree Branch to Bus p | |
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Adding a Tree Branch to the Reference | |
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Adding a Cotree Link between Buses p and q | |
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Adding a Cotree Link from Bus p to Reference | |
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The Bus Admittance Matrix | |
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Bus Impedance Matrix for Elements with Mutual Coupling | |
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Inversion of the Y[subscript BUS] Matrix for Large Systems | |
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Tinney's Optimally Ordered Triangular Factorization [3] | |
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Tinney's Schemes for Near-Optimal Ordering | |
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Several Iterative Methods for Linear Matrices | |
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Gaussian Iteration | |
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Gauss-Seidel Iteration | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Network Fault and Contingency Calculations | |
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Fault Calculations Using Z[subscript BUS] | |
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Approximations Common to Short-Circuit Studies | |
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Fault Calculations Using the Y[subscript BUS] Table of Factors | |
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Contingency Analysis for Power Systems | |
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Contingency Analysis for Power Systems | |
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Contingencies Using Z[subscript BUS] in a Superposition Method | |
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Z[subscript BUS] Line Contingency Method | |
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Using the Y[subscript BUS] Table of Factors for Contingencies | |
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Double Contingencies Using Y[subscript BUS] Table of Factors (Balanced Case) | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Power Flow on Transmission Networks | |
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Slack Bus | |
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Z[subscript BUS] Formulation for Load-Flow Equations | |
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Gauss or Gauss-Seidel Iteration Using Y[subscript BUS] | |
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Newton-Raphson Iterative Scheme Using Y[subscript BUS] | |
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Approximations to the Jacobian in the Newton-Raphson Method | |
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Adjustment of Network Operating Conditions | |
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Operational Power Flow Programs | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Generator Base Power Setting | |
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Economic Dispatch of Generation without Transmission Line Losses | |
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Economic Dispatch of Generation with Line Losses | |
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On-Line Execution of the Economic Dispatch | |
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Day-Ahead Economic Dispatch with a Variable Number of Units On-Line | |
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Power Transmission Line Losses for Economic Dispatch | |
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Utilizing the Load-Flow Jacobian for Economic Dispatch | |
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Economic Exchange of Power between Areas | |
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Economy A Program | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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State Estimation from Real-Time Measurements | |
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The Line Power Flow State Estimator | |
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State Estimation and Noisy Measurements | |
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Monitoring the Power System | |
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Determination of Variance [Sigma superscript 2] to Normalize Measurements | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Conductor Resistance and Rating | |
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Index | |