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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Foundational Concepts | |
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| Basic Concepts of Electricity | |
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| General Information Regarding the Field of Electronics | |
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| Definition, Physical, and Chemical States of Matter | |
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| Composition of Matter | |
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| Structure of the Atom | |
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| Concept of the Electron Theory | |
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| Ions | |
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| Energies That Change Electrical Balance | |
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| Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulators | |
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| Sample of an Electrical System | |
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| Basic Principles of Static Electricity | |
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| Electrical Potential | |
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| Charges in Motion | |
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| Three Important Electrical Quantities | |
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| Basic Electrical Circuit | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Electrical Quantities and Components | |
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| Basic Electrical Units and Abbreviations | |
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| Using the Metric System to Help | |
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| Conductors and Their Characteristics | |
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| Resistors | |
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| Resistor Color Code | |
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| Measuring Voltage, Current, and Resistance with Meters | |
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| Diagrams Used for Electronic Shorthand | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Basic Circuit Analysis | |
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| Ohm's Law | |
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| Ohm's Law and Relationships between Electrical Quantities | |
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| Three Common Arrangements for the Ohm's Law Equation | |
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| Sample Application of Metric Prefixes and Powers of 10 | |
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| Direction of Current Flow | |
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| Polarity and Voltage | |
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| Comparison of Circuit Current Directions from DC and AC Sources | |
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| Work, Energy, and Power | |
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| Measuring Electrical Energy Consumption | |
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| Commonly Used Versions of Ohm's Law and Power Formulas | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Series Circuits | |
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| Definition and Characteristics of a Series Circuit | |
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| Resistance in Series Circuits | |
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| Voltage in Series Circuits | |
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| Kirchhoff's Voltage Law | |
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| Power in Series Circuits | |
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| Effects of Opens in Series Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Effects of Shorts in Series Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Designing a Series Circuit to Specifications | |
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| Special Applications | |
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| Critical Thinking and the SIMPLER Troubleshooting Sequence | |
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| Introduction to Troubleshooting Skills | |
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| The SIMPLER Sequence for Troubleshooting | |
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| Troubleshooting Levels | |
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| A "Systems" Approach to Troubleshooting | |
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| Using the SIMPLER Sequence: (A Closer Look at Component-Level Troubleshooting) a Single-Component Example | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 1 | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 2 | |
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| Parallel Circuits | |
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| Definition and Characteristics of a Parallel Circuit | |
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| Voltage in Parallel Circuits | |
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| Current in Parallel Circuits | |
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| Kirchhoff's Current Law | |
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| Resistance in Parallel Circuits | |
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| Methods to Calculate Total Resistance (R[subscript T]) | |
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| Power in Parallel Circuits | |
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| Effects of Opens in Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Effects of Shorts in Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Similarities and Differences between Series and Parallel Circuits | |
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| Designing a Parallel Circuit to Specifications | |
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| Sources in Parallel | |
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| Current Dividers | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 3 | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 4 | |
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| Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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| What Is a Series-Parallel Circuit? | |
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| Approaches to Recognize and Analyze Series and Parallel Circuit Portions | |
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| Total Resistance in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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| Current in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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| Voltage in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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| Power in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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| Effects of Opens in Series-Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Effects of Shorts in Series-Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Designing a Series-Parallel Circuit to Specifications | |
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| Loaded Voltage Dividers | |
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| The Wheatstone Bridge Circuit | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 5 | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 6 | |
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| Producing and Measuring Electrical Quantities | |
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| Basic Network Theorems | |
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| Some Important Terms | |
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| Maximum Power Transfer Theorem | |
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| Superposition Theorem | |
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| Thevenin's Theorem | |
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| Norton's Theorem | |
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| Converting Norton and Thevenin Equivalent Parameters | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Network Analysis Techniques | |
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| Assumed Loop or Mesh Current Analysis Approach | |
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| Nodal Analysis Approach | |
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| Conversions of Delta and Wye Networks | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Magnetism and Electromagnetism | |
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| Background Information | |
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| Fundamental Laws, Rules, and Terms to Describe Magnetism | |
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| Elemental Electromagnetism | |
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| Important Magnetic Units, Terms, Symbols, and Formulas | |
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| Practical Considerations about Core Materials | |
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| The B-H Curve | |
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| The Hysteresis Loop | |
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| Induction and Related Effects | |
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| Faraday's Law | |
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| Lenz's Law and Reciprocal Effects of Motors and Generators | |
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| Some Practical Applications of Magnetism | |
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| Other Topics Related to Magnetism | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Measuring Instruments | |
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| Digital Multimeters (DMMs) | |
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| Analog Multimeters (VOMs) | |
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| Voltmeter Loading Effects | |
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| Special Purpose Measuring Devices | |
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| Troubleshooting Hints and Useful Measuring Techniques | |
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| Closing Comments about Measuring Instruments | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Basic AC Quantities | |
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| Background Information | |
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| Generating an AC Voltage | |
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| Rate of Change | |
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| Introductory Information Summary Regarding AC Sine-Wave Signals | |
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| Some Basic Sine-Wave Waveform Descriptors | |
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| Period and Frequency | |
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| Phase Relationships | |
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| Important AC Sine-Wave Current and Voltage Values | |
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| The Purely Resistive AC Circuit | |
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| Other Periodic Waveforms | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| The Oscilloscope | |
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| Background Information | |
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| Key Sections of the Scope | |
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| Combining Horizontal and Vertical Signals to View a Waveform | |
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| Measuring Voltage and Determining Current with the Scope | |
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| Using the Scope for Phase Comparisons | |
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| Determining Frequency with the Scope | |
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| A Test Device Often Used with Circuits and Scopes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 7 | |
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| Reactive Components | |
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| Inductance | |
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| Background Information | |
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| Review of Faraday's and Lenz's Laws | |
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| Self-Inductance | |
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| Factors That Determine Inductance Value of Inductors | |
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| Inductors in Series and Parallel | |
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| Energy Stored in the Inductor's Magnetic Field | |
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| The L/R Time Constant | |
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| Using Epsilon ([epsilon]) to Help Calculate Circuit Parameters | |
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| Summary Comments about Inductors | |
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| Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Inductive Reactance in AC | |
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| V and I Relationships in a Purely Resistive AC Circuit | |
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| V and I Relationships in a Purely Inductive AC Circuit | |
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| Concept of Inductive Reactance | |
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| Relationship of X[subscript L] to Inductance Value | |
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| Relationship of X[subscript L] to Frequency of AC | |
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| Methods to Calculate X[subscript L] | |
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| Inductive Reactances in Series and Parallel | |
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| Summarizing Comments about Inductors Related to Inductive Reactance | |
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| Inductor Q Factor | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 8 | |
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| RL Circuits in AC | |
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| Review of Simple R and L Circuits | |
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| Using Vectors to Describe and Determine Magnitude and Direction | |
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| Introduction to Basic AC Circuit Analysis Techniques | |
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| Fundamental Analysis of Series RL Circuits | |
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| Fundamental Analysis of Parallel RL Circuits | |
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| Examples of Practical Applications for Inductors and RL Circuits | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 9 | |
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| Basic Transformer Characteristics | |
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| Background Information | |
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| Coefficient of Coupling | |
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| Mutual Inductance and Transformer Action | |
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| Mutual Inductance between Coils Other Than Transformers | |
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| Important Transformer Ratios | |
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| Transformer Losses | |
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| Characteristics of Selected Transformers | |
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| Troubleshooting Hints | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Capacitance | |
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| Definition and Description of a Capacitor | |
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| The Electrostatic Field | |
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| Charging and Discharging Action | |
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| The Unit of Capacitance | |
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| Energy Stored in Capacitor's Electrostatic Field | |
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| Factors Affecting Capacitance Value | |
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| Capacitance Formulas | |
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| Total Capacitance in Series and Parallel | |
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| Finding Voltage When Three or More Capacitors Are in Series | |
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| The RC Time Constant | |
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| Types of Capacitors | |
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| Typical Color Codes | |
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| Typical Problems and Troubleshooting Techniques | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 10 | |
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| Capacitive Reactance in AC | |
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| V and I Relationships in a Purely Resistive AC Circuit | |
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| V and I Relationships in a Purely Capacitive AC Circuit | |
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| Concept of Capacitive Reactance | |
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| Relationship of X[subscript C] to Capacitance Value | |
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| Relationship of X[subscript C] to Frequency of AC | |
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| Methods to Calculate X[subscript C] | |
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| Capacitive Reactances in Series and Parallel | |
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| Voltages, Currents, and Capacitive Reactances | |
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| Final Comments about Capacitors and Capacitive Reactance | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 11 | |
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| RC Circuits in AC | |
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| Review of Simple R and C Circuits | |
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| Series RC Circuit Analysis | |
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| Phase-Shift Applications of Series RC Networks | |
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| Parallel RC Circuit Analysis | |
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| Similarities and Differences between RC and RL Circuits | |
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| Linear Waveshaping and Nonsinusoidal Waveforms | |
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| Other Applications of RC Circuits | |
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| Troubleshooting Hints and Considerations for RC Circuits | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| RLC Circuit Analysis | |
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| Basic RLC Circuit Analysis | |
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| The Series RLC Circuit | |
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| The Parallel RLC Circuit | |
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| Power in AC Circuits | |
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| Rectangular and Polar Vector Analysis | |
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| Algebraic Operations | |
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| Application of Rectangular and Polar Analysis | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 12 | |
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| Series and Parallel Resonance | |
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| X[subscript L], X[subscript C], and Frequency | |
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| Series Resonance Characteristics | |
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| The Resonant Frequency Formula | |
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| Some Resonance Curves | |
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| Q and Resonant Rise of Voltage | |
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| Parallel Resonance Characteristics | |
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| Parallel Resonance Formulas | |
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| Effect of a Coupled Load on the Tuned Circuit | |
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| Q and the Resonant Rise of Impedance | |
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| Selectivity, Bandwidth, and Bandpass | |
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| Measurements Related to Resonant Circuits | |
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| Special Notations about Single Components | |
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| Filter Applications of Nonresonant and Resonant RLC Circuits | |
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| Summary | |
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| Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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| Using Excel | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Problems | |
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| Analysis Questions | |
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| MultiSIM Exercise | |
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| Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 13 | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 14 | |
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| Color Codes | |
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| Answers | |
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| Troubleshooting Challenge Test Results | |
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| Using the Excel Formulas Templates Files | |
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| Copper-Wire Table | |
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| Useful Conversion Factors | |
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| Schematic Symbols | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |