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Grammar | |
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Sentence Sense | |
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Parts of speech | |
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Subjects and predicates | |
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Subjects and complements | |
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Basic sentence patterns | |
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Phrases | |
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Clauses | |
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Conjunctions and conjunctive adverbs | |
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Sentence forms | |
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Sentence functions | |
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Sentence Fragments | |
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Recognizing sentence fragments | |
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Phrases as sentence fragments | |
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Dependent clauses as sentence fragments | |
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Comma Splices and Fused Sentences | |
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Punctuating independent clauses | |
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Methods for identifying comma splices and fused sentences | |
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Revising comma splices and fused sentences | |
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Divided quotations | |
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Adjectives and Adverbs | |
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Recognizing adjectives and adverbs | |
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Comparatives and superlatives | |
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Double negatives | |
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Pronouns and Case | |
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Recognizing pronouns | |
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Pronoun case | |
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Agreement | |
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Subject-verb agreement | |
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Pronoun-antecedent agreement | |
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Verbs | |
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Verb forms | |
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Verb tenses | |
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Voice | |
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Mood | |
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Mechanics | |
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E-Documents | |
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Document design and purpose | |
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The conventions of document design | |
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Design and function | |
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Graphics and purpose | |
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Composing Web documents | |
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Visual elements and purpose | |
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Capitals | |
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Proper names | |
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Titles and subtitles | |
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Beginning a sentence | |
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Computer terms | |
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Unnecessary capitals | |
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Italics | |
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Works published separately | |
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Foreign words | |
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Legal cases | |
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Names of ships | |
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aircraft, etc | |
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Words, letters, or figures referred to as such | |
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Emphasizing words | |
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Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Numbers | |
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Proper names | |
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Addresses in correspondence | |
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Abbreviations in source documentation | |
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Acceptable abbreviations | |
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Acronyms | |
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General uses of numbers | |
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Special uses of numbers | |
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Punctuation | |
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The Comma | |
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Before a coordinating conjunction linking independent clauses | |
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After introductory words, phrases, or clauses | |
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Separating elements in a series | |
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With nonessential elements | |
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With geographical names and items in dates and addresses | |
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With direct quotations | |
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Unnecessary or Misplaced Commas | |
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Not between subject and verb or verb and object | |
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Not after coordinating conjunctions | |
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Not between elements in a compound predicate | |
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Not with restrictive (essential) words, phrases, or clauses | |
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Not before the first or after the last item of a series | |
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The Semicolon | |
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Connecting independent clauses | |
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Separating elements that contain commas | |
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Revising common semicolon errors | |
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The Apostrophe | |
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Indicating ownership | |
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Marking omissions | |
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Forming certain plurals | |
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Quotation Marks | |
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Direct quotations | |
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Titles of short works | |
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For tone or unusual usage | |
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With other punctuation marks | |
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The Period and Other Marks | |
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Period | |
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Question mark | |
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Exclamation point | |
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Colon | |
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The dash | |
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Parentheses | |
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Square brackets | |
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Ellipsis points | |
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Slash | |
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Spelling and Diction | |
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Spelling, the Spell Checker, and Hyphenation | |
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Spell checker | |
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Spelling and pronunciation | |
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Words that sound alike | |
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Prefixes and suffixes | |
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Confusion of ei and ie | |
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Hyphens | |
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Good Usage | |
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Usage and the rhetorical situation | |
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Style | |
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Word choice | |
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Inclusive language | |
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Dictionaries | |
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Thesaurus | |
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Exactness | |
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Precise word choice | |
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Evocative language | |
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Idioms and collocations | |
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First and second person | |
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Clear definitions | |
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Conciseness | |
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Eliminating wordiness | |
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Unnecessary repetition | |
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Elliptical constructions | |
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Clarity and Completeness | |
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Including necessary words | |
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Completing comparisons | |
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Completing intensifiers | |
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Effective Sentences | |
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Sentence Unity | |
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Choosing and arranging details | |
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Revising mixed metaphors | |
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Relating sentence parts | |
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Subordination and Coordination | |
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Using subordination | |
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Using coordination | |
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Avoiding faulty or excessive subordination and coordination | |
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Misplaced Parts and Dangling Modifiers | |
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Placement of modifiers | |
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Dangling modifiers | |
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Parallelism | |
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Recognizing parallel elements | |
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Repeating words and forms | |
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Linking two or more sentences | |
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Correlative conjunctions | |
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Emphasizing key ideas | |
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Consistency | |
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Verb tense | |
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Person and number | |
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Tone and style | |
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Pronoun Reference | |
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Ambiguous references | |
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Awkward references | |
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Implied references | |
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The impersonal pronoun it | |
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Emphasis | |
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Placement of words | |
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Periodic and cumulative sentences | |
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Ordering from least to most important | |
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Repeating important words | |
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Active and passive voice | |
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Inverting word order | |
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An occasional short sentence | |
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Variety | |
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Sentence length | |
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Sentence openings | |
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Questions, commands, and exclamations | |
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Writing | |
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The Rhetorical Situation | |
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Understanding the rhetorical situation | |
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Writing to an exigence | |
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Writing with a specific purpose | |
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Considering audience | |
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Sending and receiving a message within a context | |
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Reading Rhetorically | |
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Previewing for an initial impression | |
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Reading for content | |
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Rereading for understanding | |
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Recognizing a personal response | |
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Writing daily about your reading | |
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Planning and Drafting Essays | |
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Selecting worthwhile subjects for writing | |
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Focusing a subject idea into a specific topic | |
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Conveying a clearly stated thesis | |
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Arranging or outlining ideas | |
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Getting your ideas into a first draft | |
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Drafting well-developed paragraphs | |
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Employing rhetorical methods of development | |
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Revising and Editing Essays | |
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The essentials of revision | |
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Guiding readers with your introductions and conclusions | |
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Revising for unified and coherent paragraphs | |
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Transitions within and between paragraphs | |
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The benefits of peer review | |
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Editing for clearer ideas, sentences, and paragraphs | |
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Proofreading for an error-free essay | |
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The final draft | |
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Writing Arguments | |
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Determining the purpose of your argument | |
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Considering differing viewpoints | |
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Distinguishing between fact and opinion | |
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Taking a position or making a claim | |
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Providing evidence for an effective argument | |
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Using the rhetorical appeals to ground your argument | |
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Purposely arranging an effective argument | |
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Using logic to argue effectively and ethically | |
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Avoiding rhetorical fallacies | |
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Studying a sample written argument of another student | |
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Research And Documentation | |
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Finding Sources Online, in Print, and in the Field | |
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Research and the rhetorical situation | |
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Finding books | |
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Finding articles | |
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Finding online sources | |
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Field research | |
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Evaluating Sources Online and in Print | |
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Credibility of authors | |
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Credibility of publishers | |
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Online sources | |
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Relevance and timeliness | |
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Using Sources Responsibly | |
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The rhetorical situation and the research paper | |
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Organizing notes | |
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Working bibliography | |
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Integrating sources | |
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Responding to sources | |
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MLA Documentation | |
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MLA in-text citations | |
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MLA list of works cited | |
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MLA paper | |
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APA Documentation | |
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APA in-text citations | |
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APA reference list | |
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APA paper | |
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Writing about Literature | |
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Literature and its genres | |
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Vocabulary for discussing literature | |
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Approaches to interpreting literature | |
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Active reading and literary interpretation | |
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Types of literary interpretation | |
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Conventions for writing about literature | |
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A student essay interpreting literature | |
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Writing in Business | |
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Special conventions | |
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Business letters | |
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Business memos | |
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RTsumTs | |
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Application letters | |
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Business plans | |
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Glossary of Usage | |
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Glossary of Terms | |
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Index | |