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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Exploring the World of Social Research Design | |
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Defining Social Research | |
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Social Research and Other Ways of Knowing | |
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Evaluating Social Research | |
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The Study of Social Research Design | |
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Basic Principles of Methodological Thinking | |
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Think Critically | |
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Treat All Knowledge as Tentative | |
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Understand the Importance of Each Element of Research Design | |
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Think Both as a Scientist and as an Artist | |
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Know the Appropriate Uses of Social Research Tools | |
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Understand the Characteristics and Consequences of Methodological Diversity | |
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Planning the Study of Research Design | |
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Methods in Theory and in Practice | |
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Foundations | |
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The Components of Social Research: Data, | |
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Concepts, and Theories | |
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Data | |
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Variations in Data Content: Thinking/Feeling and Behavior | |
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Variations in Data Origins: Researcher | |
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Produced and Naturally Occiuring | |
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Variations in Data Form: Words and Numbers | |
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Concepts | |
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Theories | |
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Direction of Reasoning Between Data and Concepts/Theories | |
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Deductive Reasoning | |
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Inductive Reasoning | |
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Logic and Research Design Decisions | |
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Models of Social Life and Models of Social Research | |
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Positivist Perspectives | |
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Positivist Perspective Assumptions About Social Life | |
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Positivist Perspective Assumptions About Social Research | |
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Positivist Perspective Assumptions About Social Researchers | |
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Interpretive Perspectives | |
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Interpretive Perspective Assumptions About Social Life | |
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Interpretive Perspective Assumptions About Social Research | |
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Interpretive Perspective Assumptions About Social Researchers | |
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Critical Perspectives | |
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Critical Perspective Assumptions About Social Life | |
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Critical Perspective Assumptions About Social Research | |
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Critical Perspective Assumptions About Social Researchers | |
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Research Design Decisions and Models of Social Life | |
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Continuing Debates in Social Research Design | |
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Natural Science Versus Humanities | |
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Qualitative Versus Quantitative Design | |
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Foundations and Research Design | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading on Foundations of Social Research Design | |
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Research Questions | |
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Identifying Research Questions in Published Research | |
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Constructing Research Questions | |
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Assessing the Appropriateness of Research Questions | |
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Thinking About Researchers | |
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Research and Personally Meaningful Topics | |
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Research and Personal Perspectiveson Social Life | |
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Research and Working Styles | |
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Thinking About Research Participants | |
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Thinking About Practicalities | |
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Reconstructing Research Questions | |
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Modifying Questions to Reflect Particular Views of Social Life | |
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Modifying Questions to Reflect Practicalities | |
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Evaluating Research Questions | |
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Research Questions and Research Design | |
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Literature Reviews | |
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Defining the Literature | |
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Existing Knowledge as a Tool for Research Design | |
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Previous Studies Define the Foundation for New Studies | |
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Previous Studies Define What New Research Is Needed | |
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Previous Studies Offer Guidelines for Research Design | |
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Defining the Relevant Literature | |
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Defining Boundaries for the Inclusion of Topics | |
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Defining Boundaries of Abstraction | |
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Thinking About the Review Task | |
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Where to Look | |
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How to Read | |
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What to Read for | |
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The Contents and Form of Literature Reviews | |
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Literature Reviews and Research Design | |
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Examples of Social Research Article Databases | |
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Measurement | |
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Conceptualization and Conceptual Definitions | |
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Identifying and Writing Conceptual Definitions | |
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Operationalization and Operational Definitions | |
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Types of Operationalizations in Social Research | |
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Operationalizations as Criteria for Classifying Tilings People Say | |
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Operationalizations as Criteria for Classifying Behavior | |
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Operationalizations as Criteria for Classifying the Content of Documents or Other hysical bjects | |
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Operational Definitions and Research Logic | |
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Operationalizations in Deductive Research | |
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Operationalizations in Inductive Research | |
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Measurement Problems in Social Research | |
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The Problem of Meaning | |
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The Problem of Multidimensionality | |
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The Problem of Interconnectivity | |
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The Problem of Measurement Imprecision | |
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Evaluating Measurement | |
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Evaluating Measurement Validity in Positivist Research | |
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Evaluating Measurement Trastworthiness in Interpretive Research | |
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Problems in Evaluating Measurement | |
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Conceptualization and Operationalization and Research Design | |
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Data Generation Techniques | |
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Research Questions and Data | |
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Research Questions and Data Content | |
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Research Questions and Data Form | |
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Data Generation Techniques | |
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Experiments | |
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Fixed-Question Surveys | |
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In-Depth Interviews | |
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Observation | |
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Document Analysis | |
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Variations in Data Generation Techniques | |
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Variations to Match Research Questions | |
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Variations to Match the Current State of Knowledge | |
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Variations to Match Models of Research | |
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Variations to Match Practicalities | |
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Assessing the Appropriateness of Data Generation Techniques | |
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Danger to Research Participants | |
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Danger to Researchers | |
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Problems From Practicalities | |
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Data Generation Techniques and Research Design | |
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Samples | |
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Populations and Samples in Social Research | |
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The Concept of Population in Social Research | |
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Conceptualizing Populations in Research Design | |
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The Concept of Sample in Social Research | |
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The Importance of Samples in Social Research | |
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Types of Samples | |
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Probability Samples | |
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Nonprobability Samples | |
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Sampling and Sample Problems in Social Research | |
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Problems in Probability Sampling | |
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Problems in Non probability Samples | |
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Practical Problems in All Sampling | |
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Samples and Research Design | |
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Summary: Writing and Evaluating Social Research Design | |
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Foundations of Research Design and Evaluation: Methodological Thinking | |
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Barriers to Critical Thinking | |
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Variations in Criteria for Evaluating Reports of Research Design | |
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Variations From Types of Research | |
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Variations From Foundational Characteristics | |
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Variations From Data Generation Techniques | |
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Variations From Report Purposes and Audiences | |
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Quality Within Variations | |
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Writing Research Design: Characteristics of High-Quality Reports | |
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Containing Appropriate Contents | |
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Containing Adequate Information on Design Characteristics | |
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Demonstrating the Logical Coherence of Design Components | |
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Endings and Beginnings | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading on Writing and | |
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Evaluating Social Research Design | |
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Appendix: Articles Used as Examples | |
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Exploring the Bases of Partisanship in the American Electorate: Social Identity vs. Ideology | |
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Ethnography of Racial Identities in Paris: Public Indicators of Social Hierarchy. A Research | |
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The Digital Identity Divide: How Technology Knowledge Impacts College Students | |
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Fitting In but Getting Fat: Identity Threat and Dietary Choices Among U.S. Immigrant Groups | |
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Addicts' Narratives of Recovery From Drug Use: Constructing a Non-Addict Identity | |
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Unassailable Motherhood, Ambivalent Domesticity: The Construction of Maternal Identity in Ladies' Home Journal in 1946 | |
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Smoking Identities and Behavior: Evidence of Discrepancies, Issues for Measurement and Intervention | |
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Gang-Related Gun Violence: Socialization, Identity, and Self | |
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Index | |
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About the Author | |