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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy Theories and Practices | |
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Past Influences, Present Trends, and Future Challenges in Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #1 | |
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Introduction | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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The Individual Perceptions and Meaning Making Quadrant | |
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The Behavioral/Physical/Neurological Quadrant | |
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The Societal/Professional Quadrant | |
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The Scientist-Practitioner | |
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The Cultural Community Quadrant | |
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The Interfacing of the Integral Quadrants | |
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Linking Theory to Practice | |
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Summary | |
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Neuroscience | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #2 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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Neuroscience: The Missing Link in Counseling | |
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Acknowledging the Resistance to Neuroscience | |
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What Are Neurotransmitters? | |
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Helping Strategies That Promote Healthy Neurotransmitters | |
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Understanding the Complexity of Linking People's Thoughts, Feelings, and Behaviors to Various Parts of the Brain | |
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Using Counseling and Psychotherapy Theories to Promote Positive Brain Changes | |
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Neuroscience Research Findings and Psychodynamic Therapy Theories | |
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Neuroscience Research Findings and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Theories | |
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Cultural Neuroscience | |
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Trauma and Other Threats to One's Well-Being: Multicultural and Neurological Considerations | |
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Summary | |
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The Multidimensional Nature of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #3 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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The Multicultural and Feminist Counseling Movements | |
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Respectful Counseling and Therapy | |
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Professional Ethics and Multicultural Competence | |
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The Community Counseling Theory (CCT): a Multifaceted Approach to Counseling and Development | |
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Summary | |
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Using Narrative and Microskills in Counseling and Therapy: Foundations of the Intentional Interview | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #4 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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The Five-Stage Interview: a Viable Model for All Theories | |
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Theories of Counseling and Therapy as Stories and Narratives | |
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Microskills: An Integrative Foundation for Counseling and Therapy | |
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Influencing Skills and Strategies | |
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Focusing: Internal and External Attribution | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of the Microskills Framework | |
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Narrative Therapy: Storytelling in the Process of Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Narrative Therapy, Microskills, and Other Theoretical Models | |
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Summary | |
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Introduction to the First, Second, and Third Forces in Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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The Psychodynamic Tradition: Theoretical Constructs and Practical Applications | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #5 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Indroduction | |
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Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalytic Counseling and Therapy: An Overview | |
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Freud's Psychoanalytic Worldview | |
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Freud's Stages of Development: The Roots of Behavior, Emotion, and Thought | |
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Other Key Freudian/Psychoanalytic Concepts | |
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Attachment Theory | |
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Adult Resistant and Avoidant Defense Mechanisms | |
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Recent Neuroscience Research on Attachment Theory | |
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Psychodynamic Counseling and Therapy Strategies: Applications for Practice | |
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Practical Implications and Limitations of Psychodynamic Methods | |
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Summary | |
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Professional Development Extension | |
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Adlerian and Jungian Counseling and Therapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #6 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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Alfred Adler and Individual Psychology | |
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Adler's Theory of Individual Psychology | |
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The Adlerian Worldview | |
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The Teleological Nature of Humankind | |
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Social Interest, Personal Competence, Superiority, and Belongingness | |
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Other Key Adlerian Concepts | |
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Adlerian Counseling and Therapy Startegies: Applications for Practice | |
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Practical Implications and Limitations of Jung's Theory | |
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Carl Jung and Analystical Psychology | |
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The Jungian Worldview | |
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The Personal Unconscious | |
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Expanding Jungian Concepts Through Multicultural Psychodynamic Theory | |
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The Family Unconscious | |
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The Family and the Collective Cultural Unconscious | |
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Therapeutic Implications | |
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Jungian Counseling and Therapy Strategies: Applications for Practice | |
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Practical Implications and Limitations of Jung's Theory | |
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New Directions in Psychodynamic Counseling and Therapy: Interpersonal Therapy | |
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Summary | |
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Cognitive-Behavioral Counseling and Therapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #7 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Indroduction | |
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The Evolution of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: An Overview of Behaviorism | |
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Classical Conditioning Theory: Pavlov and Watson | |
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Operant Conditioning Theory: B. F. Skinner | |
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Social Learning Theory: Albert Bandura | |
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Behavioral Counseling and Therapy Strategies: Applications for Practice | |
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Functional Analysis: The A-B-C's of Behavior | |
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Pinpointing Behavior | |
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The Cognitive Revolution | |
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Meichenbaum's Theory of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy | |
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Aaron Beck, Cognitive Therapy, and Automatic Thoughts | |
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Neuroscientific Support for Beck?s Theory | |
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Multicultural and Feminist Approaches to CBT | |
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CBT Strategies: Applications for Practice | |
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New Directions in CBT: Mindfulness Counseling and Therapy | |
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Practical Implications and Limitations of CBT | |
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Summary | |
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Rational-Emotive Behavioral Therapy and Reality Therapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #8 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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Cognition and the Cognitive-Behavioral Force | |
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Albert Ellis and Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy | |
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Central Theoretical Constructs and Techniques of REBT | |
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Integration of Theory and Action | |
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REBT and Multicultural Factors | |
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Linking Neuroscience With REBCT | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of Ellis's Theory | |
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William Glasser and Reality Therapy | |
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Central Theoretical Constructs of Reality Therapy | |
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Glasser's Theory in Action | |
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Glasser's Criticisms of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders | |
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Reality Therapy and Multicultural Counseling | |
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Innovative Technological Developments: New Directions for CBT and Reality Therapy | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of Glasser?s Theory | |
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Summary | |
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The Existential- Humanistic Tradition | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #9 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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The Existential-Humanistic Worldview | |
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The Rogerian Revolution: Carl Rogers's Theoretical Worldview | |
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Expanding Self-Actualization Theory | |
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The Influence of Rogers | |
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Spirituality, Multiculturalism, and Existential-Humanistic Counseling | |
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New Directions in Client-Centered Counseling and Therapy: Motivational Interviewing | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of the Existential-Humanistic Tradition | |
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Summary | |
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Logotherapy and Gestalt Counseling | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #10 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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Viktor Frankl and Logotherapy: An Overview | |
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Central Theoretical Constructs of Logotherapy | |
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Logotherapy Strategies: Applications for Practice | |
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Logotherapy, Spirituality, and Medicine | |
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Multicultural Implications of Logotherapy: Promoting Psychological Liberation | |
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Fritz Perls and Gestalt Therapy | |
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Central Theoretical Constructs and Techniques | |
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Gestalt Techniques | |
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Individualism and Other Cultural/Contextual Considerations | |
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Critiquing Perls's Work from Multicultural and Feminist Perspectives | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of the Existential-Humanistic Tradition | |
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Summary | |
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Exploring New Forces in the Evolution of Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Feminist Counseling and Therapy (FCT) | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #11 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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The Feminist Counseling and Therapy Movement: An Overview | |
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Developing a New Psychology of Women | |
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The FCT Worldview | |
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Self in Relation: The Importance of Relational Considerations | |
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Dealing With Sexism in Counseling and Therapy | |
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Feminist Identity Development Theory | |
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Working Intentionally With Women in Counseling and Therapy | |
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Intentionally Focusing on Women's Strengths | |
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Feminist and Multicultural Counseling and Therapy | |
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Relational-Cultural Theory | |
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Summary | |
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Multicultural Counseling and Therapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #12 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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Multicultural Counseling and Therapy as Metatheory | |
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Building a More Expansive View of Counseling and Therapy | |
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Being Mindful of Multiple Identities, Contexts, and Experiences | |
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Introspective Developmental Counseling | |
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Cultural/Racial Identity Development Theory | |
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Implications of Practitioners' White Cultural/Racial Identity Development | |
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Co-Constructing Culturally Appropriate Techniques and Strategies in MCT | |
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Applying MCT With Culturally Different Clients | |
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General Guidelines for Working With Persons in Specific Groups | |
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MCT Practice and Multiple Helping Roles | |
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Network Therapy | |
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The Liberation of Consciousness | |
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Paulo Freire's Theory of Psychological Liberation | |
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Quinones-Rosado's Consciousness-in-Action Theory | |
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Using the Consciousness-in-Action Model in Individual Counseling | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of MCT | |
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Summary | |
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Positive Psychology/Wellness Counseling and Brief/Solution-Focused Therapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #13 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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The Wellness Counseling Model | |
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The Essential Self | |
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The Coping Self | |
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The Social Self | |
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The Creative Self | |
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The Physical Self | |
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Implementing a Personal/Contextual Approach to Wellness Counseling | |
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Brief/Solution-Focused Therapy and Wellness Counseling | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of Brief/Solution-Focused Therapy and Positive Psychology/Wellness Counseling | |
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Summary | |
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Developmental Counseling and Therapy: Integrative Theory and Practice | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #14 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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The Integrative Worldview of Developmental Counseling and Therapy | |
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Comparing Ivey's DCT Model and Lane's levels of Awareness Theory | |
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Piagetian Cognitive Stages Related to Client Assessment | |
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DCT Styles and Cultural Identity Development Theory | |
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Lane's Research on Emotions | |
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DCT's Approach to Treatment Planning | |
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The Unique Narrative Strategies of DCT | |
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Toward the Future: DCT, Neuroscience, Wellness, Health Psychology, Multiculturalism, and Prevention | |
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Limitations and Practical Implications of the DCT Integrative Approach | |
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Summary | |
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Basic Foundations of Family Counseling and Therapy: Theoretical Foundations and Translations to Practice | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #15 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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Origins of a Family Perspective in Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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The Systemic Worldview | |
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Central Constructs of Family Counseling and Therapy | |
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Multicultural Issues in Family Counseling and Therapy | |
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Major Family Counseling and Therapy Theories | |
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Bowen Family Therapy: An Illustrative First-Force Perspective | |
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Structural Family Therapy: An Illustrative Second-Force Perspective | |
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Symbolic/Experiential Family Therapy: Illustrative Third-Force Perspective | |
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Systemic Cognitive-Developmental Therapy: Illustrative Fourth-Force Perspective | |
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Limitations of Family Counseling and Therapy | |
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Summary | |
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Identifying Your Own Integrated Approach to Counseling and Therapy | |
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Chapter Goals | |
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Vignette #16 | |
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An Integral Approach to Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Introduction | |
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The Search for the "Best" Theory | |
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The Foundational Chapters: Basic to All Theories | |
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Searching for Theoretical Integration | |
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Multicultural Counseling and Therapy as the Theoretical Fourth Force | |
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a Summary of the Major Theoretical Forces of Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
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Embracing Research as Scientific Practitioners | |
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Constructing Your Own View or Theory of Counseling and Therapy | |
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References | |
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Author Index | |
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Subject Index | |
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About the Authors | |