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| Preface | |
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| A Brief History of Animals | |
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| Animal origins and the fossil record | |
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| The animal tree | |
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| General features of animal design and diversity | |
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| Evolution and development: DNA and diversity | |
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| The Genetic Toolkit for Development | |
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| Before the toolkit-organizers, fields, and morphogens | |
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| The genetic toolkit | |
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| Sharing of the genetic toolkit among animals | |
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| The toolkit and animal design | |
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| Building Animals | |
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| Gene regulation in metazoans | |
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| The architecture of genetic regulatory hierarchies | |
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| The insect body plan | |
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| The vertebrate body plan | |
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| Review: the general logic and mechanisms controlling gene expression in cellular fields | |
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| Evolution of the Toolkit | |
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| The history of gene families | |
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| Case study: evolution of the Hox complex | |
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| Interpreting the toolkit: inferences about animal evolution | |
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| The toolkit as developmental potential | |
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| Diversification of Body Plans and Body Parts | |
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| Diversity of anterior/posterior body organization within arthropods and vertebrates | |
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| Morphological diversity within a conserved body plan | |
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| Regulatory evolution and the diversification of homologous body parts | |
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| The Evolution of Morphological Novelties | |
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| What is morphological novelty? | |
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| Novel functions from older morphological structures | |
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| The evolution of vertebrate novelties | |
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| Evolution of radical body plan changes | |
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| Regulatory evolution and the origin of novelties | |
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| Morphological Variation and Species Divergence | |
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| Evolution of animal color patterns | |
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| Nodal points in regulatory networks and the evolution of character number and pattern | |
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| Qualitative and quantitative aspects of skeletal evolution in stickleback fish | |
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| More variation than meets the eye: cryptic genetic variation and the potential for morphological evolution | |
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| Regulatory evolution and species divergence | |
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| From DNA to Diversity: The Primacy of Regulatory Evolution | |
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| Why is regulatory evolution a primary force in morphological evolution? | |
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| The function and evolution of cis-regulatory DNA | |
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| The evolution of regulatory DNA and morphological diversity | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |