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Introduction | |
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The Goals of the Text | |
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The Rest of the Book | |
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Many Acknowledgments | |
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What is Political Ecology? | |
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The Hatchet and the Seed:What is Political Ecology? | |
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Challenging Apolitical Ecologies | |
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Ecoscarcity and the Limits to Growth | |
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Other Apolitical Ecologies: Diffusion, Valuation, and Modernization | |
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Common assumptions and modes of explanation | |
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The Hatchet: Political Ecology as Critique | |
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The Seed: Political Ecology as Equity and Sustainability Research | |
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The Dominant Narratives of Political EcologyBig Questions and Theses | |
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The Degradation and Marginalization Thesis | |
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The Environmental Conflict Thesis | |
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The Conservation and Control Thesis | |
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The Environmental Agency and Social Movement Thesis | |
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The Target of Explanation | |
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A Tree with Deep Roots:The Determinist Context | |
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A Political Ecological Alternative | |
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The Building Blocks | |
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Critical Approaches in Early Human/Environment Research | |
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Continental Critique: Humboldt, Reclus, Wallace, and Sommerville | |
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Critical Environmental Pragmatism | |
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From Sewer Socialism to Mitigating Floods: Hazards Research | |
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The Nature of Society: Cultural Ecology | |
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Historicism, Landscape, and Culture: Carl Sauer | |
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Julian Steward: A Positivist Alternative | |
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System, Function, and Human Life: Mature Cultural Ecology | |
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Beyond Land and Water: The Boundaries of Cultural Ecology | |
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The Limits of Progressive Contextualization | |
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Taking the Plunge | |
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The Critical Tools:Common Property Theory | |
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Green Materialism | |
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Materialist History | |
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The Case of Oriental Despotism | |
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Dependency, Accumulation, and Degradation | |
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Lessons from Materialism: Broadly Defined Political Economy | |
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The Producer is the Agent of History: Peasant Studies | |
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Chayanov and the Rational Producer | |
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Scott and the Moral Economy | |
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Gramsci and Peasant Power | |
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Breaking Open the Household: Feminist Development Studies | |
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Critical Environmental History | |
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Whose History & Science? Postcolonial Studies and Power/Knowledge | |
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Power/Knowledge | |
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Critical Science, Deconstruction, and Ethics | |
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Political Ecology Emergent | |
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A Field Crystallizes:Chains of Explanation | |
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Peanuts and Poverty in Niger | |
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Marginalization | |
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The "Silent Violence " of Famine in Nigeria | |
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Broadly Defined Political Economy | |
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Struggle in Cote D 'Ivoire 's Fields and Pastures25 Years Later | |
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Conceptual and Methodological Challenges | |
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Destruction of Nature - Human Impact and Environmental Degradation:The Focus on Human Impact | |
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Defining and Measuring Degradation | |
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Loss of Natural Productivity | |
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Loss of Biodiversity | |
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Loss of Usefulness | |
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Socio-Environmental Destruction: Creating or Shifting Risk Ecology | |
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Limits of Land Degradation: Variability, Disturbance, and Recovery | |
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What Baseline? Non-Human Disturbance and Variability of Ecological Systems | |
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What Impact? Variable Response to Disturbance | |
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Can We Go Back? Variable Recovery from Disturbance | |
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Methodological Imperatives in Political Analysis of Environmental Destruction | |
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Construction of Nature: Environmental Knowledges and Imaginaries | |
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Why Bother to Argue That Nature (or Forests or Land Degradation ...) is Constructed? | |
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Choosing Targets for Political Ecological Constructivism | |
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Three Debates and Motivations | |
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Hard and Soft Constructivism"Radical " Constructivism"Soft " Constructivism | |
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Constructivist Claims in Political Ecology"Barstool " Biologists and "Hysterical " Housewives | |
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The Peculiar Case of Local Environmental Knowledge | |
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Eliciting Environmental Construction | |
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Talk and Text: Construction in Discourse | |
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Categories and Taxonomies | |
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Spatial Knowledge and Construction | |
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Narratives of Ecological Process and Change | |
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Genealogies of Representation: Environmental History | |
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Methodological Issues in Political Analysis of Environmental Construction | |
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Political Ecology Now | |
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Degradation and Marginalization:The Argument | |
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Degradation and Reversibility | |
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Accumulation and Declining Margins | |
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The Evidence | |
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Amazonian Deforestation | |
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Contract Agriculture in the Caribbean | |
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Evaluating the Thesis | |
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Research Example: Common Property Disorders in Rajasthan | |
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Eliciting Rules of Use | |
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Recording Environmental Practices and Response to Authority | |
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Determining Ecological Outcomes | |
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Con | |