| List of Figures | p. xii |
| List of Tables | p. xiii |
| Prologue | p. xv |
| An Introduction and Overview | p. 1 |
| Scope and Intention of the Text | p. 1 |
| Speech Teaching and Prevailing Standards | p. 6 |
| Studies Relating to Speech Production Among Hearing-Impaired Children | p. 11 |
| Studies of Speech Intelligibility | p. 11 |
| Typical Speech Errors of Hearing-Impaired Children | p. 12 |
| Speech Development and Hearing Level | p. 16 |
| Summary | p. 17 |
| The Sense Modalities in Speech Reception | p. 22 |
| Auditory Speech Reception | p. 23 |
| Visual Speech Reception | p. 32 |
| Tactile Speech Reception | p. 36 |
| Summary | p. 39 |
| Multisensory Speech Reception | p. 45 |
| Hearing and Vision | p. 50 |
| Hearing and Touch | p. 51 |
| Vision and Touch | p. 52 |
| Hearing, Vision, and Touch | p. 53 |
| Phonetic Symbolization Systems | p. 54 |
| Signs and Speech | p. 60 |
| Summary | p. 62 |
| Feedback and Feedforward Mechanisms in Speech Production | p. 66 |
| Sensory-Motor Reaction Time | p. 67 |
| Sensory-Motor Control | p. 68 |
| Feedforward | p. 69 |
| Articulatory Targets | p. 69 |
| Summary | p. 71 |
| The Sense Modalities in Speech Production | p. 74 |
| Orosensory-Motor Patterns | p. 74 |
| Auditory Feedback | p. 77 |
| Visual Feedback | p. 79 |
| Summary | p. 83 |
| Levels of Speech Acquisition and Automaticity | p. 86 |
| Automaticity | p. 89 |
| Phonetic Level Development | p. 91 |
| Phonetic-Phonologic Correspondence | p. 95 |
| Phonologic Level Development | p. 98 |
| Summary | p. 102 |
| Order or Chaos? | p. 105 |
| The Literature on Teaching Order | p. 107 |
| Order and Frequency of Occurrence | p. 110 |
| The Broad Stages of Speech Acquisition: A Sequential Framework | p. 112 |
| Target Behaviors Within Successive Stages | p. 114 |
| Summary | p. 129 |
| Evaluation | p. 135 |
| Oral-Peripheral Structures and Function | p. 137 |
| Comments and Definitions | p. 143 |
| Phonologic Speech Evaluation | p. 144 |
| Phonetic Level Evaluation | p. 147 |
| Other Aspects of Evaluation | p. 157 |
| Summary | p. 159 |
| Teaching Order and Evaluation: A Synthesis and a Model | p. 173 |
| A Speech Teaching Model | p. 173 |
| Summary | p. 183 |
| Breath and Voice Control | p. 184 |
| Mechanisms of Breathing | p. 185 |
| Mechanisms of Voicing | p. 188 |
| Summary | p. 193 |
| Vocalization and Voice Patterns: Targets, Subskills, and Teaching Strategies | p. 195 |
| Spontaneous Vocalization and Vocalization on Demand | p. 196 |
| Voice Patterns: The Bases of Suprasegmental Structure | p. 199 |
| Remedial Treatment of Deviant Patterns | p. 211 |
| Voice Patterns in Phonologic Speech | p. 215 |
| Summary | p. 217 |
| Vowels and Diphthongs | p. 220 |
| Acoustic Properties of Vowels and Their Sensory Correlates | p. 226 |
| Subskills and Teaching Strategies | p. 230 |
| Remedial Treatment of Deviant Patterns | p. 241 |
| Summary | p. 254 |
| Consonants: Their Acoustic Properties and Sensory Correlates | p. 258 |
| Manner, Place, and Voicing | p. 261 |
| Summary | p. 281 |
| Manner Distinctions in Consonant Production | p. 286 |
| Teaching Step 1: Target Behaviors, Subskills, and Teaching Strategies Relating to Front Consonants | p. 295 |
| Summary | p. 315 |
| Place Distinctions in Consonant Production | p. 316 |
| Teaching Step 2: Target Behaviors, Subskills, and Teaching Strategies Relating to Alveolar and Palatal Sounds | p. 319 |
| Teaching Step 3: Target Behaviors, Subskills, and Teaching Strategies Relating to Palatal and Velar Sounds | p. 339 |
| Summary | p. 353 |
| Voiced-Voiceless Distinctions and the Treatment of Deviant Consonant Patterns | p. 354 |
| Teaching Step 4: Target Behaviors, Subskills, and Teaching Strategies Relating to Voiced-Voiceless Distinctions | p. 355 |
| The Treatment of Deviant Consonant Patterns | p. 362 |
| Summary | p. 369 |
| Consonant Blends | p. 370 |
| Word-Initial Blends | p. 372 |
| Word-Final Blends | p. 377 |
| Medial and Interlexical Blends | p. 381 |
| Summary | p. 386 |
| Index of Subjects | p. 389 |
| Index of Authors | p. 395 |
| Table of Contents provided by Rittenhouse. All Rights Reserved. |