| |
| |
Conversion Factors | |
| |
| |
Metric Conversion Factors | |
| |
| |
Greek Letters and Standard Abbreviations | |
| |
| |
Decimal Equivalents of Fractions of an Inch | |
| |
| |
Use of Conversion Tables | |
| |
| |
Fractional Inch to Millimeter | |
| |
| |
Decimals of an Inch to Millimeters | |
| |
| |
Millimeters to Inches | |
| |
| |
Microinches to Micrometers | |
| |
| |
Micrometers to Microinches | |
| |
| |
Thermal Energy or Heat | |
| |
| |
Thermometer Scales | |
| |
| |
Absolute Temperature and Absolute Zero | |
| |
| |
Thermal Energy | |
| |
| |
Fahrenheit-Celsius Conversion | |
| |
| |
Mathematics | |
| |
| |
Mathematical Signs and Commonly Used Abbreviations | |
| |
| |
Arithmetic | |
| |
| |
Common Fractions | |
| |
| |
Adding Fractions and Mixed Numbers | |
| |
| |
Subtracting Fractions and Mixed Numbers | |
| |
| |
Multiplying Fraction and Mixed Numbers | |
| |
| |
Dividing Fractions and Mixed Numbers | |
| |
| |
Decimal Fractions | |
| |
| |
Converting Common Fractions To Decimal Fractions | |
| |
| |
Principal Algebraic Expressions and Formulas | |
| |
| |
Solving First Degree Equations | |
| |
| |
Solving Quadratic Equations | |
| |
| |
Cubic Equations | |
| |
| |
Rearrangement and Transposition Formulas | |
| |
| |
Complex or Imaginary Numbers | |
| |
| |
Operations on Complex Numbers | |
| |
| |
Imaginary Quantities | |
| |
| |
Squares and Cubes of Numbers | |
| |
| |
Fractions of Pi | |
| |
| |
Weights and Volumes | |
| |
| |
Circumferences and Areas of Circles | |
| |
| |
Lengths of Chords for Spacing Off the Circumferences of Circles | |
| |
| |
Hole Coordinate Dimension Factors | |
| |
| |
Spacing Off the Circumferences of Circles | |
| |
| |
Diameters of Circles and Sides of Squares of Equal Area | |
| |
| |
Distance Across Corners of Squares and Hexagons | |
| |
| |
Formulas for Regular Polygons | |
| |
| |
Areas and Dimensions of Figures | |
| |
| |
Segments of Circles | |
| |
| |
Volumes of Solids | |
| |
| |
Ratio and Proportion | |
| |
| |
Inverse Proportion | |
| |
| |
Powers, Roots, and Reciprocals | |
| |
| |
Powers of Ten Notation | |
| |
| |
Solution of Triangles | |
| |
| |
Trigonometric Relationships of Right Triangle Parts | |
| |
| |
Angular/Linear Relationships | |
| |
| |
Trigonometric Functions | |
| |
| |
Solution of Triangles | |
| |
| |
Degree to Radian Conversion Table | |
| |
| |
Trigonometric Functions | |
| |
| |
Laws of Sines and Cosines | |
| |
| |
Trigonometric Identities | |
| |
| |
Versed Sine and Versed Cosine | |
| |
| |
Sevolute and Involute Functions | |
| |
| |
Involute Functions Table | |
| |
| |
Compound Angles | |
| |
| |
Formulas for Compound Angles | |
| |
| |
Engineering Drawings | |
| |
| |
Fundamental Rules | |
| |
| |
Units of Measurement | |
| |
| |
Types of Dimensioning | |
| |
| |
Application of Dimensions | |
| |
| |
Dimensioning Features | |
| |
| |
Direct Tolerancing Methods | |
| |
| |
Tolerance Expression | |
| |
| |
Interpretation of Limits | |
| |
| |
Single Limits | |
| |
| |
Tolerance Accumulation | |
| |
| |
Geometric Tolerance Symbols | |
| |
| |
Feature Control Frame Placement | |
| |
| |
Definition of Tolerance Zone | |
| |
| |
Tabulated Tolerances | |
| |
| |
Drafting Practices | |
| |
| |
Sizes of Drawing Sheets | |
| |
| |
Control and Production of Surface Texture | |
| |
| |
Symbols for Section Lining | |
| |
| |
Sampling Lengths | |
| |
| |
Roughness Parameters | |
| |
| |
Waviness Parameters | |
| |
| |
Surface Roughness to Tolerances | |
| |
| |
Roughness Measurements | |
| |
| |
Surface Texture Symbols | |
| |
| |
Roughness Average Values | |
| |
| |
Lay Symbols | |
| |
| |
Surface Texture of Castings | |
| |
| |
Metric Dimensions on Drawings | |
| |
| |
Checking Drawings | |
| |
| |
Inspection | |
| |
| |
Measuring Instruments | |
| |
| |
Steel Rules | |
| |
| |
Micrometers | |
| |
| |
Verniers | |
| |
| |
Dial Calipers | |
| |
| |
Protractors | |
| |
| |
Sine-bar | |
| |
| |
Tables for Sine-bar Constants | |
| |
| |
Measuring Tapers | |
| |
| |
Measuring Dovetail Slides | |
| |
| |
Angles and Tapers | |
| |
| |
Tapers per Foot | |
| |
| |
Figuring Tapers | |
| |
| |
Simplified Taper Calculations | |
| |
| |
Measurement over Pins | |
| |
| |
Allowances and Tolerances for Fits | |
| |
| |
Limits and Fits | |
| |
| |
Basic Dimensions | |
| |
| |
Tolerances | |
| |
| |
Preferred Basic Sizes | |
| |
| |
ANSI Standard Fits | |
| |
| |
Running and Sliding Fits | |
| |
| |
Clearance Locational Fits | |
| |
| |
Transition Locational Fits | |
| |
| |
Modified Standard Fits | |
| |
| |
Tolerances Designation | |
| |
| |
Preferred Metric Sizes | |
| |
| |
Preferred Fits | |
| |
| |
Hole Basis Metric Clearance Fits | |
| |
| |
Hole Basis Metric Transition and Interference Fits | |
| |
| |
Shaft Basis Metric Clearance Fits | |
| |
| |
Shaft Basis Metric Transition and Interference Fits | |
| |
| |
Gagemakers Tolerances | |
| |
| |
Pins | |
| |
| |
ANSI Straight Pins | |
| |
| |
ANSI Taper Pins | |
| |
| |
Drilling Specifications | |
| |
| |
Selection of Number and Sizes of Drills | |
| |
| |
ANSI Grooved Pins | |
| |
| |
Standard Tapers | |
| |
| |
Morse Taper | |
| |
| |
Brown and Sharpe Taper | |
| |
| |
Jarno Taper | |
| |
| |
Morse Stub Taper Shanks | |
| |
| |
Morse Taper Sleeves | |
| |
| |
Brown and Sharpe Taper Shank | |
| |
| |
Jarno Taper Shanks | |
| |
| |
Machine Tool Spindles | |
| |
| |
Tapers for Machine Tool Spindles | |
| |
| |
Keys and Keyseats | |
| |
| |
Key Size Versus Shaft Diameter | |
| |
| |
Depths for Milling Keyseats | |
| |
| |
Cotters | |
| |
| |
Plain and Gib Head Keys | |
| |
| |
Fits for Parallel and Taper Keys | |
| |
| |
Key Chamfer | |
| |
| |
Keyseat Tolerances for Electric Motor | |
| |
| |
Set Screws for Use Over Keys | |
| |
| |
Woodruff Keys and Keyseats | |
| |
| |
Keyseat Dimensions for Woodruff Keys | |
| |
| |
Depth of Keyseat | |
| |
| |
Preferred Lengths of Keys | |
| |
| |
Screw Thread Systems | |
| |
| |
Screw Thread Forms | |
| |
| |
Parts of a Screw Thread | |
| |
| |
Thread Designations | |
| |
| |
Cutting Screw Threads | |
| |
| |
Tap Drill Sizes and Percentage of Thread | |
| |
| |
Threading Formulas | |
| |
| |
Internal Metric Thread | |
| |
| |
External Metric Thread | |
| |
| |
Standard Series Selected Combinations | |
| |
| |
Measuring Screw Threads | |
| |
| |
Pitch and Lead of Screw Threads | |
| |
| |
Thread Micrometers | |
| |
| |
Ball-point Micrometers | |
| |
| |
Three-wire Method | |
| |
| |
Classes of Formulas | |
| |
| |
Screw Thread Profiles | |
| |
| |
Checking Pitch Diameters | |
| |
| |
Wire Sizes | |
| |
| |
Diameters of Wires | |
| |
| |
Measuring Wire Accuracy | |
| |
| |
Measuring or Contact Pressure | |
| |
| |
Formulas for Checking Pitch Diameters | |
| |
| |
Common Hardware | |
| |
| |
Fastener Grade Marks | |
| |
| |
Grade Identification Marks and Mechanical Properties of Bolts and Screws | |
| |
| |
Hexagon and Spline Socket | |
| |
| |
Drill and Counterbore Size | |
| |
| |
Hexagon and Spline Keys and Bits | |
| |
| |
Socket Head Cap Screws | |
| |
| |
Drill and Counterbore Sizes | |
| |
| |
Hardened Ground Machine Dowel Pins | |
| |
| |
Gears and Gearing | |
| |
| |
Gears | |
| |
| |
Definitions of Gear Terms | |
| |
| |
Sizes and Shape of Gear Teeth | |
| |
| |
Nomenclature of Gear Teeth | |
| |
| |
Properties of the Involute Curve | |
| |
| |
Diametral and Circular Pitch Systems | |
| |
| |
Caliper Measurement of Gear Tooth | |
| |
| |
Involute Gear Milling Cutter | |
| |
| |
Chordal Thickness and Chordal Addenda of Milled and Gear Milling Cutter | |
| |
| |
Finishing Gear Milling Cutters | |
| |
| |
Module System Gear Design | |
| |
| |
German Standard Tooth Form | |
| |
| |
Rules for Module System of Gearing | |
| |
| |
Tooth Dimensions Based Upon Module System | |
| |
| |
Equivalent Diametral Pitches, Circular Pitches | |
| |
| |
Spur Gear Calculations Formula | |
| |
| |
Helical Gear Calculations Formula | |
| |
| |
Bevel Gear Calculations Formula | |
| |
| |
Milling Bevel Gears | |
| |
| |
Indexing | |
| |
| |
Milling Machine Indexing | |
| |
| |
Simple Indexing | |
| |
| |
Indexing Movements for Standard Index Plate | |
| |
| |
Angular Indexing | |
| |
| |
B and S Index Plates | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds and Feeds | |
| |
| |
Work Materials | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speed, Feed, Depth of Cut, Tool Wear, and Tool Life | |
| |
| |
Selecting Cutting Conditions | |
| |
| |
Principal Feeds and Speeds Tables | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speed Formulas | |
| |
| |
Adjustment Factors for Turning with HSS Tools | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speed for Tapping | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speed for Broaching | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speed for Thread Chasing | |
| |
| |
Feed Rate for Milling | |
| |
| |
Feed Rates for Drilling | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds for Plain Carbon and Alloy Steels | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds for Ferrous Cast Metals | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds for Stainless Steels | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds for Tool Steels | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds for Light Metals | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds for Titanium Alloys | |
| |
| |
Cutting Speeds for Superalloys | |
| |
| |
Feeds for Milling with HSS Cutters | |
| |
| |
RPM for Various Cutting Speeds and Diameters | |
| |
| |
Tapping and Threading | |
| |
| |
Speeds for Metal-cutting Saws | |
| |
| |
Speeds for Turning Unusual Materials | |
| |
| |
Cutting Tools | |
| |
| |
Tool Contour | |
| |
| |
Terms and Definitions | |
| |
| |
Relief Angles | |
| |
| |
Rake Angles | |
| |
| |
Nose Radius | |
| |
| |
Chipbreakers | |
| |
| |
Planing Tools | |
| |
| |
Indexable Inserts | |
| |
| |
Insert Identification System | |
| |
| |
Indexable Insert Tool Holders | |
| |
| |
Standard Shank Sizes | |
| |
| |
Indexable Insert Holders | |
| |
| |
Single-Point Turning and Boring Tools | |
| |
| |
Arbor-Mounted Side and Slot Mills | |
| |
| |
High-Speed-Steel Peripheral and Slotting End Mills | |
| |
| |
High-Speed-Steel Twist Drill Tool | |
| |
| |
Length of Point on Twist Drills | |
| |
| |
Tool Troubleshooting | |
| |
| |
Machining Methods | |
| |
| |
Tool Wear | |
| |
| |
Sharpening Twist Drills | |
| |
| |
Relief Grinding of the Tool Flanks | |
| |
| |
Drill Point Thinning | |
| |
| |
Sharpening Carbide Tools | |
| |
| |
Silicon Carbide Wheels | |
| |
| |
Diamond Wheels | |
| |
| |
Peripheral Versus Flat Side Grinding | |
| |
| |
Lapping Carbide Tools | |
| |
| |
Chip Breaker Grinding | |
| |
| |
Summary of Miscellaneous Points | |
| |
| |
Cutting Fluids for Machining | |
| |
| |
Types of Cutting and Grinding Fluids | |
| |
| |
Cutting Oils | |
| |
| |
Water-Miscible Fluids | |
| |
| |
Cutting Fluids for Different Materials and Operations | |
| |
| |
Cutting Fluids for Turning, Milling, Drilling and Tapping | |
| |
| |
Cutting Fluids for Machining Operations | |
| |
| |
Application of Cutting Fluids to Carbides | |
| |
| |
Cutting Fluids for Machining Magnesium | |
| |
| |
Coolants for Carbide Tool Grinding | |
| |
| |
Machining Nonferrous Metals | |
| |
| |
Machining Magnesium | |
| |
| |
Machining Aluminum | |
| |
| |
Machining Plastics | |
| |
| |
Machining Non-metallic Gear Blanks | |
| |
| |
Zinc Alloy Die-Castings | |
| |
| |
Monel and Nickel Alloys | |
| |
| |
High Strength, Low Alloy Steel | |
| |
| |
Materials | |
| |
| |
Carbon Steels | |
| |
| |
Free Cutting Steels | |
| |
| |
Carburizing of Steels | |
| |
| |
Chromium Nickel Austenitic Steels | |
| |
| |
Stainless Chromium Irons and Steels | |
| |
| |
Unified Numbering System | |
| |
| |
Standard Steel Numbering System | |
| |
| |
Classification of Tool Steels | |
| |
| |
Quick Reference Guide for Tool Steel Selection | |
| |
| |
Molybdenum High-Speed Steels | |
| |
| |
Tungsten High-Speed Tool Steels | |
| |
| |
Hot-Work Tool Steels | |
| |
| |
Cold-Work Tool Steels | |
| |
| |
Shock-Resisting, Mold, and Special-Purpose Tool Steels | |
| |
| |
Classification, Compositions, and Properties of Tool and Die Steels | |
| |
| |
Heat Treatments for SAE Carbon Steels | |
| |
| |
SAE Alloy Steels | |
| |
| |
Composition and Physical Properties of Bronzes | |
| |
| |
Wrought Copper and Copper Alloys | |
| |
| |
Aluminum Bronze Rods, Bars, and Shapes | |
| |
| |
Hardness and Ultimate Strength of Brass | |
| |
| |
Copper-Silicon and Beryllium Copper Alloys | |
| |
| |
Nominal Composition and Properties of Everdur | |
| |
| |
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys | |
| |
| |
Temper Designations for Aluminum Alloys | |
| |
| |
Designation Systems | |
| |
| |
Composition of Casting Alloys | |
| |
| |
Clad Aluminum Alloys | |
| |
| |
Characteristics of Principal Aluminum Alloy Groups | |
| |
| |
Cast Magnesium Alloys | |
| |
| |
Wrought Magnesium Alloys | |
| |
| |
Nickel and Nickel Alloys | |
| |
| |
Inconel | |
| |
| |
Titanium and Titanium Alloys | |
| |
| |
Powder Metallurgy | |
| |
| |
Hardness Testing | |
| |
| |
Brinell Hardness Test | |
| |
| |
Rockwell Hardness Test | |
| |
| |
Shore's Scleroscope | |
| |
| |
Vickers Hardness Test | |
| |
| |
Knoop Hardness Numbers | |
| |
| |
Monotron Hardness Indicator | |
| |
| |
Keep's Test | |
| |
| |
Comparative Hardness Scales for Steel | |
| |
| |
Creep | |
| |
| |
Creep Rupture | |
| |
| |
Identifying Metals | |