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| Preface | |
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| Unit Conversion Factors | |
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| Basic Concepts | |
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| Fundamentals | |
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| Basic Laws | |
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| Experience | |
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| Objective | |
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| Phenomenological Rate or Transport Laws | |
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| Fourier's Law of Heat Conduction | |
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| Fick's Law of Diffusion | |
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| Ohm's Law of Electrical Conductivity | |
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| Newton's Law of Viscosity | |
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| The "System" | |
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| Turbulent Macroscopic (Convective) Transport Models | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| Dimensional Analysis and Scale-up | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Units and Dimensions | |
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| Dimensions | |
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| Units | |
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| Conversion Factors | |
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| Conservation of Dimensions | |
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| Numerical Values | |
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| Consistent Units | |
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| Dimensional Analysis | |
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| Pipeline Analysis | |
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| Uniqueness | |
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| Dimensionless Variables | |
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| Problem Solution | |
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| Alternative Groups | |
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| Scale-Up | |
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| Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics | |
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| Accuracy and Precision | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| Fluid Properties in Perspective | |
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| Classification of Materials and Fluid Properties | |
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| Determination of Fluid Viscous (Rheological) Properties | |
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| Cup-and-Bob (Couette) Viscometer | |
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| Tube Flow (Poiseuille) Viscometer | |
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| Types of Observed Fluid Behavior | |
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| Newtonian Fluid | |
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| Bingham Plastic Model | |
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| Power Law Model | |
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| Structural Viscosity Models | |
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| Temperature Dependence of Viscosity | |
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| Liquids | |
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| Gases | |
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| Density | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Fluid Statics | |
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| Stress and Pressure | |
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| The Basic Equation of Fluid Statics | |
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| Constant Density Fluids | |
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| Ideal Gas--Isothermal | |
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| Ideal Gas--Isentropic | |
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| The Standard Atmosphere | |
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| Moving Systems | |
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| Vertical Acceleration | |
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| Horizontally Accelerating Free Surface | |
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| Rotating Fluid | |
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| Buoyancy | |
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| Static Forces on Solid Boundaries | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| Conservation Principles | |
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| The System | |
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| Conservation of Mass | |
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| Macroscopic Balance | |
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| Microscopic Balance | |
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| Conservation of Energy | |
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| Internal Energy | |
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| Enthalpy | |
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| Irreversible Effects | |
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| Kinetic Energy Correction | |
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| Conservation of Momentum | |
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| One-Dimensional Flow in a Tube | |
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| The Loss Coefficient | |
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| Conservation of Angular Momentum | |
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| Moving Boundary Systems and Relative Motion | |
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| Microscopic Momentum Balance | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| Pipe Flow | |
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| Flow Regimes | |
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| General Relations for Pipe Flows | |
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| Energy Balance | |
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| Momentum Balance | |
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| Continuity | |
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| Energy Dissipation | |
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| Newtonian Fluids | |
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| Laminar Flow | |
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| Turbulent Flow | |
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| All Flow Regimes | |
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| Power Law Fluids | |
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| Laminar Flow | |
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| Turbulent Flow | |
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| All Flow Regimes | |
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| Bingham Plastics | |
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| Laminar Flow | |
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| Turbulent Flow | |
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| All Reynolds Numbers | |
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| Pipe Flow Problems | |
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| Unknown Driving Force | |
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| Unknown Flow Rate | |
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| Unknown Diameter | |
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| Use of Tables | |
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| Tube Flow (Poiseuille) Viscometer | |
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| Turbulent Drag Reduction | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Internal Flow Applications | |
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| Noncircular Conduits | |
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| Laminar Flows | |
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| Turbulent Flows | |
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| Most Economical Diameter | |
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| Newtonian Fluids | |
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| Non-Newtonian Fluids | |
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| Friction Loss in Valves and Fittings | |
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| Loss Coefficient | |
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| Equivalent L/D Method | |
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| Crane Method | |
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| 2-K (Hooper) Method | |
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| 3-K (Darby) Method | |
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| Non-Newtonian Fluids | |
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| Pipe Flow Problems with Fittings | |
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| Unknown Driving Force | |
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| Unknown Flow Rate | |
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| Unknown Diameter | |
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| Slack Flow | |
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| Pipe Networks | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Pumps and Compressors | |
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| Pumps | |
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| Positive Displacement Pumps | |
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| Centrifugal Pumps | |
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| Pump Characteristics | |
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| Pumping Requirements and Pump Selection | |
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| Required Head | |
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| Composite Curves | |
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| Cavitation and Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) | |
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| Vapor Lock and Cavitation | |
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| NPSH | |
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| Specific Speed | |
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| Suction Specific Speed | |
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| Compressors | |
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| Isothermal Compression | |
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| Isentropic Compression | |
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| Staged Operation | |
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| Efficiency | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Compressible Flows | |
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| Gas Properties | |
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| Ideal Gas | |
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| The Speed of Sound | |
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| Pipe Flow | |
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| Isothermal Flow | |
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| Adiabatic Flow | |
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| Choked Flow | |
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| The Expansion Factor | |
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| Ideal Adiabatic Flow | |
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| Generalized Expressions | |
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| Governing Equations | |
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| Applications | |
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| Solution of High-Speed Gas Problems | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Flow Measurement and Control | |
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| Scope | |
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| The Pitot Tube | |
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| The Venturi and Nozzle | |
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| The Orifice Meter | |
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| Incompressible Flow | |
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| Compressible Flow | |
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| Loss Coefficient | |
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| Orifice Problems | |
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| Unknown Pressure Drop | |
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| Unknown Flow Rate | |
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| Unknown Diameter | |
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| Control Valves | |
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| Valve Characteristics | |
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| Valve Sizing Relations | |
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| Compressible Fluids | |
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| Viscosity Correction | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| External Flows | |
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| Drag Coefficient | |
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| Stokes Flow | |
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| Form Drag | |
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| All Reynolds Numbers | |
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| Cylinder Drag | |
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| Boundary Layer Effects | |
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| Falling Particles | |
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| Unknown Velocity | |
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| Unknown Diameter | |
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| Unknown Viscosity | |
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| Correction Factors | |
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| Wall Effects | |
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| Drops and Bubbles | |
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| Non-Newtonian Fluids | |
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| Power Law Fluids | |
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| Wall Effects | |
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| Carreau Fluids | |
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| Bingham Plastics | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Fluid-Solid Separations by Free Settling | |
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| Fluid-Solid Separations | |
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| Gravity Settling | |
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| Centrifugal Separation | |
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| Fluid-Solid Separation | |
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| Separation of Immiscible Liquids | |
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| Cyclone Separations | |
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| General Characteristics | |
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| Aerocyclones | |
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| Hydrocyclones | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Flow in Porous Media | |
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| Description of Porous Media | |
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| Hydraulic Diameter | |
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| Porous Medium Friction Factor | |
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| Porous Medium Reynolds Number | |
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| Friction Loss in Porous Media | |
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| Laminar Flow | |
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| Turbulent Flow | |
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| All Reynolds Numbers | |
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| Permeability | |
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| Multidimensional Flow | |
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| Packed Columns | |
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| Filtration | |
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| Governing Equations | |
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| Constant Pressure Operation | |
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| Constant Flow Operation | |
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| Cycle Time | |
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| Plate-and-Frame Filters | |
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| Rotary Drum Filter | |
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| Compressible Cake | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Fluidization and Sedimentation | |
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| Fluidization | |
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| Governing Equations | |
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| Minimum Bed Voidage | |
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| Nonspherical Particles | |
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| Sedimentation | |
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| Hindered Settling | |
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| Fine Particles | |
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| Coarse Particles | |
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| All Flow Regimes | |
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| Generalized Sedimentation/Fluidization | |
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| Thickening | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Two-Phase Flow | |
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| Scope | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Fluid-Solid Two-Phase Pipe Flows | |
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| Pseudohomogeneous Flows | |
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| Heterogeneous Liquid-Solid Flows | |
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| Pneumatic Solids Transport | |
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| Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Pipe Flow | |
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| Flow Regimes | |
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| Problems | |
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| Notation | |
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| References | |
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| Appendixes | |
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| Viscosities and Other Properties of Gases and Liquids | |
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| Generalized Viscosity Plot | |
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| Properties of Gases | |
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| Pressure-Enthalpy Diagrams for Various Compounds | |
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| Microscopic Conservation Equations in Rectangular, Cylindrical, and Spherical Coordinates | |
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| Standard Steel Pipe Dimensions and Capacities | |
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| Flow of Water/Air Through Schedule 40 Pipe | |
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| Typical Pump Head Capacity Range Charts | |
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| Fanno Line Tables for Adiabatic Flow of Air in a Constant Area Duct | |
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| Index | |