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| Introduction | |
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| How to Read Early Christian Texts | |
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| The Church in the Roman Empire | |
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| What Do We Mean by Church? | |
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| Relations with Judaism | |
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| Relations with the Romans and the Beginning of Persecution | |
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| The Martyr Documents | |
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| The Apostolic Fathers | |
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| The Didache | |
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| Clement of Rome | |
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| Second Clement | |
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| Ignatius of Antioch | |
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| Polycarp of Smyrna | |
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| The Martyrdom of Polycarp | |
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| Papias of Hierapolis | |
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| The Epistle of Barnabas | |
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| The Shepherd of Hermas | |
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| The Apologists | |
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| The Apology of Aristides | |
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| The Epistle to Diognetus | |
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| Justin Martyr | |
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| The Martyrdom of Justin | |
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| Tatian | |
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| Melito of Sardis | |
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| Athenagoras | |
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| Theophilus of Antioch | |
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| Clement of Alexandria | |
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| The Church in the Subapostolic Age | |
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| The Development of the Hierarchy | |
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| Worship and the Sacraments | |
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| Christology and Theology in the Subapostolic Age | |
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| From Apology to Theology | |
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| The Theologians | |
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| Irenaeus of Lyons | |
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| Tertullian | |
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| Hippolytus | |
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| Origen | |
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| Novatian | |
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| The New Testament Canon | |
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| Stages of Development of the New Testament | |
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| Patristic Exegesis | |
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| The History of Patristic Exegesis | |
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| The Church in the Third-Century | |
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| Christology and Theology in the Third Century | |
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| The Episcopacy and the Emerging Primacy of Rome | |
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| Persecution in the Third Century | |
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| The Controversy over Baptism and Rebaptism | |
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| What, Then, Is the Church? | |
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| The Church and the Empire | |
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| The Great Persecution | |
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| The First Christian Emperor | |
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| The Arian Controversy | |
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| Unity through Standardization | |
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| Ongoing Themes | |
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| Anthropology | |
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| Ecclesiology | |
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| Christology | |
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| Soteriology | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Charts and Tables | |
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| Chart 1: The Gnostic Family Tree | |
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| Table 1: Christology and Theology in the Subapostolic Age | |
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| Table 2: Assumptions of Patristic Exegesis | |
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| Table 3: The History of Patristic Exegesis | |
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| Table 4: Christology and Theology in the Third Century | |
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| Chart 2: Christological Options and Influences | |
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| Table 5: Christology and Theology in the Fourth Century | |
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| Table 6: Christology and Theology in the Fifth Century | |
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| Table 7: Important Theological Concepts and Doctrines | |
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| Appendix: The Primary Sources | |
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| Map of the Roman Empire with Places Mentioned | |
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| Notes | |
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| Subject Index | |