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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Language and Literacy Education of Mexican-Origin and Mexican American Children | |
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| Schooling of Latino Spanish-Speaking Children | |
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| Two-Way Bilingual Immersion Education | |
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| Bilingual and Two-Way Bilingual Immersion Research | |
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| This Study | |
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| The Community, School Context, and Students | |
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| The San Antonio Context | |
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| Restructuring Bilingual Programs | |
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| School Profiles | |
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| Student Population | |
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| Language Distribution | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Leadership and Parents | |
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| Informing Parents and Parents' Concerns | |
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| Developing Parent and Community Leadership | |
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| The School-Based Leadership | |
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| Parents and Community Members Influencing Learning | |
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| School Board Support | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Oral Language Practices | |
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| The Sociolinguistic Environment | |
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| Teacher-Student Communication | |
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| Instructional Language | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Developing Literacy | |
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| Literacy Perspective | |
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| Spanish Literacy Learning | |
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| Literacy Transfer | |
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| Literacy Resources | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Academic Biliteracy | |
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| Biliteracy Program | |
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| Guided Reading, Literature, and Spelling | |
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| Writing, Hybridization, and Bidirectional Influences | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Testing Pressures and Student Outcomes | |
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| Early Assessment | |
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| The TAAS and Accountability | |
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| Literacy Assessment | |
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| Aprenda and ITBS Comparisons | |
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| The Tejas Lee and TPRI | |
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| Language Assessment | |
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| Special Needs Students | |
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| Testing and Middle School Planning | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Teachers' Role and Impact | |
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| Teacher Demographics | |
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| Teacher Ownership of Program | |
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| Teachers and Language Distribution | |
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| Teacher Accountability | |
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| Professional Development | |
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| Participation and Role of Support Personnel | |
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| Teachers' Stance Toward the Study | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Politics, Policy, and Theory | |
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| Reassessment and Recommitment | |
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| Language, Identity, and Hybridity | |
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| Biliteracy Development | |
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| Implications | |
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| Research Methodology | |
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| References | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |