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| Preface | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| The Search for a Setting | |
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| The Connection between Roman Law and Roman Society | |
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| The Neglected First-Century Women | |
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| Defining 'Appearance', 'New' and 'Roman' | |
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| Perceptions of First-Century Women | |
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| Proletarian or Socially Diverse Christian Women | |
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| Enslaved v. Emancipated Women? | |
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| The Structure of This Book | |
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| The Appearance of New Wives | |
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| Roman Women | |
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| Wives and the Legal Power of Husbands | |
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| Wives and the Portrayal of Affectionate Husbands | |
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| Wives and Unfaithful Husbands | |
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| 'New' Roman Women | |
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| Change | |
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| Contemporary Writers | |
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| The Promotion of Promiscuity by Poets | |
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| Catullus (c. 84-54 B.C.) | |
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| Propertius (c. 48-16 B.C.) | |
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| Ovid (43 B.C.-A.D. 17) | |
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| Playwrights and New Roman Comedy | |
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| Roman Social Values in the East | |
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| Roman Culture | |
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| Roman Women | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| New Wives and New Legislation | |
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| Augustus' Marriage Legislation of 17 B.C. | |
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| Reactions to Augustus' Legislation | |
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| Women's Defiance | |
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| Equestrians' Revolt | |
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| Horace on the lex Julia | |
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| Legal Inequality | |
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| Julia and lex Julia | |
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| The Subsequent Response of Augustus | |
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| Amendments to the Legislation in A.D. 9 | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| New Wives and Philosophical Responses | |
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| Cardinal Virtues and New Roman Wives | |
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| Women Studying Philosophy | |
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| Self-Control | |
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| Justice | |
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| Courage | |
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| 'Headstrong and Arrogant' Women | |
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| Educating Daughters | |
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| Single and Married Men and Sexual Indulgence | |
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| Pythagorean Woman to Woman | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| The Appearance of Unveiled Wives in 1 Corinthians 11:2-16 | |
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| The Significance of the Veil in Marriage | |
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| The Significance of the Removal of the Veil in Public | |
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| Modest and Immodest Appearances in Roman Law | |
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| Official Policing of Dress Codes on Religious Occasions | |
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| What Was 'Proper' in Roman Corinth? | |
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| Appearing to Be Contentious | |
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| Deciphering the Married Woman's Appearance, 1 Timothy 2:9-15 | |
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| Dress Codes in 1 Timothy 2:9-11 | |
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| Respectable Apparel | |
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| Modesty and Self-Control (2:9a, 15) | |
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| Adornment | |
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| Hairstyles | |
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| Gold | |
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| Pearls | |
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| Godliness and Good Works | |
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| Abortion or Child-Bearing? (2:15a) | |
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| Avoiding Childbearing | |
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| Submissiveness and Learning, Teaching and Dominating (2:11-12) | |
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| Submissiveness or Teaching | |
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| Speaking and Teaching | |
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| To Have Authority or Dominate? | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| The Appearance of Young Widows, 1 Timothy 5:11-15 | |
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| The Widows and the Christian Community | |
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| Inappropriate Behaviour by Young Widows | |
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| To Marry and Have Children | |
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| The Appearance of Young Wives, Titus 2:3-5 | |
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| The Legal Privileges of Cretan Women | |
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| Ancient Rights | |
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| The Coming of Roman Culture | |
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| Cultural Conditioning and Cretan Christianity | |
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| Instructors v. Elders | |
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| Cretans and Cretanizing | |
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| Drunkenness among Older Married Women | |
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| Recalling Young Married Women to Their Responsibilities | |
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| 'Wakeup Calls' | |
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| Lovers of Husbands and Children | |
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| Household Management | |
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| Debauchery among Older Children | |
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| The Behaviour of Husbands | |
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| Traditional and Christian Values | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| The Appearance of Women in the Public Sphere | |
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| Women in Commerce | |
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| Women in the Courts | |
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| Women in Politics | |
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| Election Propaganda in Pompeii | |
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| The Roman Forum and Italy | |
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| Woman Civic Patrons, Magistrates, and Gymnasiarch in the East | |
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| Junia Theodora, the Federal Patron in Corinth | |
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| Junia Theodora's Benefactions | |
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| Junia Theodora's Official Honours | |
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| The Stated Purposes for Honouring Junia Theodora | |
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| Junia Theodora and the Request of the Lycian Federation | |
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| The Limits of Participation | |
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| Women in politeia and Women in the Church | |
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| Junia Theodora and Phoebe, Patron and Deacon | |
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| Junia Theodora and Junia | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Women in Civic Affairs | |
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| Iunia Theodora | |
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| A Decree of the Federal Assembly of the Lycian Cities | |
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| A Letter from the Lycian City of Myra to Corinth | |
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| A Letter from the Lycian City of Patara | |
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| A Letter of the Federal Assembly to Corinth Introducing a Second Decree in Favour of Iunia Theodora | |
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| A Decree of the Lycian City of Telmessos | |
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| Claudia Metrodora from Chios | |
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| Claudia Metrodora as Magistrate (stephanephoros) | |
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| Claudia Metrodora and Her Many Other Public Offices | |
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| Claudia Metrodora from Ephesos | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index of Subjects | |
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| Index of Modern Authors | |
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| Index of Scripture and Other Ancient Sources | |