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| Preface | |
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| Introduction: Research—Who Needs It? | |
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| The Nature of Research Writing | |
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| The Purpose of Research Writing | |
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| Research as New Knowledge | |
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| Defining the Necessary Degree of Doubt | |
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| Describing, Narrating, Explaining, and Arguing | |
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| Prewriting | |
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| Using a Research Journal to Develop the Argument | |
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| Avoiding Mistakes in Choosing a Topic | |
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| Finding and Narrowing the Topic | |
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| Start with Ideas and Questions in Your Journal | |
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| Overview of the Research Writing Process | |
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| State Your Hypothesis Before Source Hunting | |
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| Finding Evidence to Support Your Hypothesis | |
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| Must an Objective Library Paper Have an Argument? | |
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| Topics and Stages of Writing | |
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| The Learning Spiral | |
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| Subject Areas and Narrow Topics | |
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| Using Indexes and Subject Headings to Formulate a Topic | |
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| A Twenty-Question Method of Topic Formulation | |
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| A Five-Question Method of Topic Formulation | |
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| How to Make an Assigned Topic Interesting | |
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| Generating an Argument | |
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| Avoiding Passive Information Gathering | |
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| Using Exposition Effectively | |
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| Arguing with Yourself | |
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| Making the Argument Develop | |
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| Can I Really Challenge Experts? | |
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| The Three Bases of Persuasion | |
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| Toulmin’s Approach to Argument | |
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| Finding Sources | |
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| How Many Sources Am I Looking For? | |
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| Magic Solutions | |
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| Starting a Bibliographical Card File | |
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| Preliminaries | |
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| Step One: Using Encyclopedias | |
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| Step Two: Using Library Catalogs | |
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| Step Three: Using Indexes | |
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| Step Four: Searching the Internet | |
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| After Step Four: What Next? | |
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| Items to Record When Copying Citations | |
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| Interpreting Title Pages, Copyright Pages, and Computer Screens | |
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| Writing a Short Plan | |
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| A Prospectus and Its Advantages | |
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| Formats for a Prospectus | |
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| An Abstract | |
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| Using a Short Plan to Guide Your Research | |
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| Gathering Information | |
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| Active Reading | |
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| Evaluating Sources | |
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| Note-Taking Methods | |
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| Three Types of File: Journal, Notes, Bibliography | |
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| Using Topic Headings to Organize Your Notes | |
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| Avoiding Plagiarism: Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing | |
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| Sample Journal Entries, Notes, and Bibliography Cards | |
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| Notes on Disks | |
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| Using Photocopies Responsibly to Avoid Plagiarism | |
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| Using Interviews | |
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| Research Paper Formats: MLA and APA | |
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| Overview of Research Paper Formats | |
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| All Formats: The Function of Documentation | |
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| Plagiarism and Common Knowledge | |
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| MLA Format: General Appearance | |
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| MLA Format: Parenthetical Documentation | |
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| MLA Format: The List of Works Cited | |
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| APA Format: General Appearance | |
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| APA Format: Parenthetical Documentation | |
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| APA Format: The List of Works Cited | |
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| Research Paper Formats: CBE and Chicago CBE | |
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| Citation Sequence Format: General Appearance | |
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| CBE Citation Sequence Format: Documentation | |
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| CBE Citation Sequence Format: The List of Cited References | |
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| Chicago Format: General Appearance | |
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| Chicago Format: Documentation | |
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| Chicago Format: The List of Works Cited | |
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| Writing the Rough Draft | |
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| Outlines | |
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| Starting the Rough Draft | |
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| Assembling the Rough Draft from Notes | |
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| Assembling the Rough Draft on a Word Processor | |
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| Style and Usage: “To Whom Am I Speaking” or “Who Am I Speaking To?” | |
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| Developing Good Working Habits | |
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| Strategies for Introductions and Conclusions | |
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| Avoiding the Bad Habits of Academic Writers: An Editor’s Advice | |
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| Revising the Rough Draft | |
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| Guidelines for Revision | |
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| Using the Topic Outline as a Guide to Revision | |
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| Generating a Sentence Outline While Revising the Rough Draft | |
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| Examples of Outlines Used in Revision | |
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| Revising to Improve the Argumentative Focus | |
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| The Hook Paragraph Transition | |
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| Other Types of Transition | |
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| Adjusting the Length of Paragraphs | |
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| A Sample Revision | |
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| Revising as Self-Criticism | |
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| Editing | |
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| Collaboration in Editing | |
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| Criteria for Editing | |
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| Edit for Coherence | |
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| Three Common Mistakes That Destroy Coherence | |
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| Edit for Conciseness | |
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| Punctuate for Clarity | |
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| Proofread for Mechanical Errors | |
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| Use Global Searches to Edit Details | |
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| Special Problems in Research Writing | |
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| Trying to Do Too Much | |
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| Special Problems in Finding Sources | |
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| Copyright Law and the Ethics of Research | |
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| Mechanics | |
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| All Formats: General Appearance | |
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| MLA Format Mechanics | |
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| APA Format Mechanics: Differences from MLA Format | |
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| CBE Format Mechanics: Differences from MLA Format In each chapter: Quick View Exercises | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Credits | |
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| Index | |