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Preface | |
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About the Author | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Features of the Text | |
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Safety and Communication | |
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Safe Work Practices | |
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Introduction | |
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Safe Work Areas | |
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Personal Safety | |
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Fire Hazards and Prevention | |
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Safe Tools and Equipment | |
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Batteries | |
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Accidents | |
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Air Bag Safety and Service Warnings | |
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Hazardous Materials | |
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) | |
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Handling Shop Wastes | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Measuring Systems, Fasteners, and Measuring Tools | |
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Introduction | |
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Measuring Systems | |
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Fasteners | |
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Bbolt Identification | |
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Tightening Bolts | |
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Measuring Tools | |
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Micrometers | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Tools of the Trade | |
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Introduction | |
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Hand Tools | |
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Service Information and Manuals | |
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Power Tools | |
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Shop Tools | |
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Suspension and Steering Tools | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Working as a Suspension and Steering Specialist | |
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Introduction | |
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Compensation | |
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Employer-Employee Relationships | |
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ASE Certification | |
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Duties of a Suspension and Steering Specialist | |
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Cleaning with Chemicals | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Basic Theories and Services | |
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Basic Electrical Theory | |
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Introduction | |
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Basic Electricity | |
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Electrical Terms | |
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Electrical Circuits | |
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Conductors and Insulators | |
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Ohm's Law | |
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Circuit Components | |
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Electromagnetism Basics | |
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Basics of Electronics | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Basic Electrical Service | |
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Introduction | |
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Quick Overview of Electricity | |
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Electrical Problems | |
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Basic Electrical Testing | |
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Electrical Wiring Diagrams | |
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Testing Circuit Protection Devices | |
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Testing Switches | |
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Basic Electrical Repairs | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Suspension and Steering Systems | |
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Introduction | |
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Wheels and Tires | |
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Suspension System Components | |
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I-Beam Front Suspension Systems | |
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Short-and-Long Arm (SLA) Front Suspension Systems | |
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MacPherson Strut Front Suspension System Design | |
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Performance Front Suspension Systems | |
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Torsion Bar Suspensions | |
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Steering Systems | |
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Steering Linkage | |
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Manual Steering Gears | |
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Steering Wheels and Columns | |
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Power Steering | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Basic Theories | |
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Introduction | |
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Matter | |
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Energy | |
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Volume | |
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Force | |
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Motion | |
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Work | |
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Waves and Oscillations | |
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Liquids | |
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Gases | |
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Heat | |
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Chemical Properties | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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General Suspension and Steering System Diagnosis | |
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Introduction | |
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Road Test | |
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Basic Inspection | |
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Detailed Inspection | |
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Power Steering | |
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Lubricate Suspension and Steering Systems | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Tires and Wheels | |
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Wheels | |
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Introduction | |
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Construction | |
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Wheel Sizes | |
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Wheel Offset | |
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Replacement Wheels | |
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Wheel Attachment | |
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Servicing Wheels | |
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Wheel and Tire Installation | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Tires | |
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Introduction | |
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Tire Construction | |
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Tire Ply and Belt Design | |
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Tire Ratings and Designations | |
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Specialty Tires | |
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Tire Placard and Inflation Pressure | |
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Replacement Tires | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Diagnosis of Tire Problems | |
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Introduction | |
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Tire Wear Patterns | |
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Tire Noises and Steering Problems | |
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Tire Thump and Vibrations | |
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Steering Pull | |
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Tire and Wheel Runout | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Tire and Wheel Service | |
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Introduction | |
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Wheel and Tire Removal | |
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Tire Rotation | |
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Tire and Wheel Service Precautions | |
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Tire Demounting | |
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Tire Repair | |
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Wheel Rim Service | |
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Tire Remounting Procedure | |
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Installation of Tire/Wheel Assembly on the Vehicle | |
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Tire Care | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Balancing Tire and Wheel Assemblies | |
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Introduction | |
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Tire Motion Forces | |
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Static Wheel Balance Theory | |
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Dynamic Wheel Balance Theory | |
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Preliminary Wheel Balancing Checks | |
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Static Wheel Balance Procedure | |
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Dynamic Wheel Balance Procedure | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Wheel and Axle Bearings | |
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Wheel Bearings | |
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Introduction | |
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Common Bearings | |
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Front-Wheel Drive (FWD) Drive Axles | |
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Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD) Drive Axles | |
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Axle Bearing Designs | |
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Wheel Bearings | |
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Seals | |
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Bearing Lubrication | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Diagnosis of Bearing Problems | |
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Introduction | |
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Basic Wheel and Axle Bearing Troubleshooting | |
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Tapered Roller Bearing Troubleshooting | |
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Wheel Hub Diagnosis | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Front-Wheel-Drive (FWD) Drive Axles | |
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Introduction | |
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Front Wheel Drive Axles | |
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Drive Axle Supports | |
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Types of CV Joints | |
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CV Joint Boots | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Diagnosing and Servicing FWD Drive Axles | |
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Introduction | |
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Talk to the Customer | |
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Road Test | |
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Visual Inspection | |
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CV Joint Wear | |
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Servicing FWD Drive Axles | |
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Drive Axle Removal | |
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Bench Inspection | |
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General Service Procedures | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Servicing Non-Drive Axle Bearings | |
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Introduction | |
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Bearing Removal | |
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Cleaning and Inspection | |
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Bearing Lubrication | |
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Bearing Replacement | |
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Bearing Adjustment | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Servicing Drive Axle Bearings | |
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Introduction | |
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Servicing FWD Axle Bearings | |
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Replacing Front Axle Bearings | |
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Servicing RWD Axles | |
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Removing Axles | |
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Axle Bearings | |
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Axle Shaft Seals | |
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Installing Axles | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Springs, Shocks, and Struts | |
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Springs | |
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Introduction | |
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Spring Terminology | |
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Coil Springs | |
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Leaf Springs | |
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Torsion Bars | |
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Stabilizer Bars | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Shocks and Struts | |
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Introduction | |
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Shock Absorber Design | |
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Shock Absorber Operation | |
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Strut Design | |
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Electronically Controlled Shock Absorbers and Struts | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Shock and Strut Diagnosis | |
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Introduction | |
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Diagnosing Front Suspensions | |
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Air Shock Absorber Diagnosis | |
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Electronic Air Suspension System Diagnosis | |
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Shock Absorber or Strut Bounce Test | |
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Shock Absorber Visual Inspection | |
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Shock Absorber Manual Test | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Spring Service | |
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Introduction | |
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Effects of Weak Springs | |
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Selecting Replacement Springs | |
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Coil Springs | |
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Torsion Bars | |
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Leaf Springs | |
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Stabilizer Bars | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Shock and Strut Service | |
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Introduction | |
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On-Car Installation of a Strut Cartridge | |
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Front Strut Removal | |
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Strut Cartridge Replacement | |
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Strut Reassembly | |
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Strut Assembly Installation | |
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Strut Disposal Procedure | |
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Rear Strut Replacement | |
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Shock Absorber Replacement | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Suspension Systems | |
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Frames | |
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Introduction | |
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Frame Construction | |
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Vehicle Directional Stability | |
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Frame Checks | |
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Frame Straightening | |
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| |
Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Front Suspensions | |
| |
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Introduction | |
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Basic Operation | |
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Ball Joints | |
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| |
Short/Long Arm Front Suspension Systems | |
| |
| |
MacPherson Strut Front Suspension Systems | |
| |
| |
Performance-Oriented Suspensions | |
| |
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Other Front Suspension Designs | |
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| |
Summary | |
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| |
Review Questions | |
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| |
| |
Rear Suspensions | |
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| |
Introduction | |
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| |
Leaf-Spring Rear Suspension | |
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| |
Coil-Spring Rear Suspension | |
| |
| |
Semi-Independent Rear Suspension Systems | |
| |
| |
Independent Rear Suspensions | |
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| |
Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Computer-Controlled Suspension Systems | |
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Introduction | |
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Air Systems | |
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Electronically Controlled Shock Absorbers and Struts | |
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| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Front Suspension Diagnosis | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
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| |
Road Test | |
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General Front-Suspension Inspection | |
| |
| |
Detailed Inspection | |
| |
| |
Ball Joints | |
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| |
Summary | |
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| |
Review Questions | |
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| |
| |
Front Suspension Service | |
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Introduction | |
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| |
Steering Knuckles | |
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Ball Joints | |
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| |
Control Arms | |
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Control Arm Bushings | |
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| |
Strut Rods | |
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| |
Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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| |
| |
Rear Suspension Diagnosis | |
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Introduction | |
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Diagnosis | |
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Lower Control Arm and Ball Joint Diagnosis | |
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Track Bar Diagnosis | |
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Tie Rod Inspection | |
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| |
Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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| |
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Rear Suspension Service | |
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| |
Introduction | |
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Lower Control Arm and Ball Joints | |
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Track Bar Replacement | |
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Tie Rod Replacement | |
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| |
Summary | |
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| |
Review Questions | |
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| |
| |
Electronic Suspension Service | |
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Introduction | |
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Preliminary Inspection | |
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Air Systems | |
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Electronically Controlled Shock Absorbers and Struts | |
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| |
Summary | |
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| |
Review Questions | |
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| |
Steering Systems | |
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Steering Columns and Linkages | |
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Introduction | |
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Steering Wheels and Columns | |
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Steering Linkages | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Manual Steering Gears | |
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Introduction | |
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Recirculating Ball Steering | |
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Worm and Roller Gears | |
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Rack-and-Pinion Steering Gears | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Steering System Diagnosis | |
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Introduction | |
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Visual Inspection | |
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Rack and Pinion Steering | |
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Reciprocating Ball Steering Gears | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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| |
Air Bag Service | |
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Introduction | |
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Electrical System Components | |
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Air Bag Module | |
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Diagnosis | |
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Servicing the Air Bag System | |
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| |
Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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| |
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Steering Column and Linkage Service | |
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| |
Introduction | |
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Steering Wheel | |
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| |
Steering Columns | |
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Steering Linkages | |
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| |
Summary | |
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| |
Review Questions | |
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| |
| |
Recirculating Ball Steering Gear Service | |
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| |
Introduction | |
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| |
Removal and Replacement | |
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Disassembly and Reassembly | |
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Adjustments | |
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| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
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| |
| |
Rack-and-Pinion Steering Service | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
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| |
Steering Gear Removal and Replacement | |
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| |
Manual Rack-and-Pinion Steering Gear Disassembly | |
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| |
Manual Rack and Pinion Steering Gear Assembly | |
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| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Four-Wheel Steering Systems | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
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| |
Four-Wheel Steering Theory | |
| |
| |
Mechanical 4WS | |
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| |
Hydraulic 4WS | |
| |
| |
Electro/Hydraulic 4WS | |
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| |
Electronic/Electrical 4WS | |
| |
| |
Fail-Safe Programs | |
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| |
Four-Wheel Steering Service | |
| |
| |
Road Test | |
| |
| |
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Retrieval | |
| |
| |
Sensors | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Power Steering | |
| |
| |
| |
Power Steering Designs | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Types of Power-Assisted Steering Systems | |
| |
| |
Main Components | |
| |
| |
Power Recirculating Ball Steering Gears | |
| |
| |
Power Rack-and-Pinion Steering Gears | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pumps | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pump Drive Belts | |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pump Designs | |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pump Operation | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Electronic Steering Systems | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Electronically Controlled Power-Steering Systems | |
| |
| |
Electronic Variable Orifice Steering | |
| |
| |
Electric/Electronic Rack-and-Pinion System | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
General Diagnosis and Service of Power Steering Systems | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Diagnosis of Power Steering Systems | |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pump Belt Service | |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pump Fluid Service | |
| |
| |
Checking and Servicing Power Steering Lines and Hoses | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Pump Diagnosis and Service | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Testing Power Steering Pump Pressure | |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pump Replacement | |
| |
| |
Power Steering Pump Service | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Recirculating Ball Power Steering Service | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Gear Diagnosis | |
| |
| |
Power Recirculating Ball Steering Gear Replacement | |
| |
| |
Gear Adjustments | |
| |
| |
Steering Gear Service | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Rack-and-Pinion Power Steering Service | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Diagnosis | |
| |
| |
Power Rack-and-Pinion Steering Gear Diassembly | |
| |
| |
Power Rack-and-Pinion Steering Gear Parts Inspection | |
| |
| |
Power Rack-and-Pinion Steering Gear Assembly | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Diagnosis and Service of Electronic Steering | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Computers | |
| |
| |
Diagnosis of Computer Voltage Supply and Ground Wires | |
| |
| |
Testing Input Sensors | |
| |
| |
Testing Actuators | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Wheel Alignment | |
| |
| |
| |
Alignment Geometry | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Road Variables | |
| |
| |
Camber Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
Caster Fundamentals | |
| |
| |
Steering Axis Inclination (SAI) | |
| |
| |
Toe | |
| |
| |
Other Considerations | |
| |
| |
Rear-Wheel Alignment | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Pre-Alignment Diagnosis and Inspection | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Road Test | |
| |
| |
Prealignment Inspection | |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
Four-Wheel Alignment | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
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Preliminary Procedure | |
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Wheel Alignment Screens | |
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Four-Wheel Alignment | |
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Rear Suspension Adjustments | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Appendices | |
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ASE Practice Exam for Suspension and Steering Systems | |
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NATEF Correlations | |
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USCS and Metric Conversions | |
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Fractions of Inches to Decimal and Metric Equivalents | |
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General Torque Specifications | |
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Bilingual Glossary | |
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Index | |