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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Medical practice and theory: the classical and medieval heritage | |
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| Galen's approach to health and disease: The Art of Medicine | |
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| A medieval consilium: Ugo Benzi (1376-1439) | |
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| The history of surgery: Guy de Chauliac (1298-1368) | |
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| The Hippocratic oath | |
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| Reactions to the 'French Disease' at the papal court | |
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| The sick body and its healers, 1500-1700 | |
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| Medicine: trade or profession? | |
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| Women practitioners: the prescriptions of Lady Grace Mildmay | |
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| The place of women in learned medicine: James Primrose's Popular Errours (1651) | |
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| Lay and learned medicine in early modern England | |
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| Physical appearance and the role of the barber surgeon in early modern London | |
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| Renaissance critiques of medicine: Pico and Agrippa | |
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| Cardano's description of the death of a patient | |
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| The medical renaissance of the sixteenth century: Vesalius, medical humanism and bloodletting | |
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| Leoniceno and medical humanism at Ferrara | |
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| Bloodletting in Renaissance medicine | |
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| Attending a public dissection by Vesalius, Bologna, 1540 | |
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| Vesalius and the anatomical renaissance | |
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| Vesalius, On the Fabric of the Human Body (1543) | |
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| Fabricius and the 'Aristotle Project' | |
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| Medicine and religion in sixteenth-century Europe | |
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| Luther and medicine | |
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| The church, the devil and living saints: the example of Maria Manca | |
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| Paracelsus on the medical benefits of travel | |
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| The religion of Paracelsus | |
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| The Christian physician in time of plague: Johan Ewich | |
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| Protestantism, poor relief and health care in sixteenth-century Europe | |
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| Rules for ministering to the sick in the Maggiore Hospital, Milan (1616) | |
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| Chemical medicine and the challenge to Galenism: the legacy of Paracelsus | |
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| Paracelsianism in England: Richard Bostocke (1585) | |
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| Sanitising Paracelsus: the Paracelsian revival in Europe, 1560-1640 | |
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| Challenging the medical status quo: the fate of Paracelsianism in France | |
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| Helmontianism and medical reform in Cromwellian England: Noah Biggs (1651) | |
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| A new threat to medical orthodoxy: the Society of Chemical Physicians (1665) | |
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| Defending the status quo: William Johnson and the London College of Physicians (1665) | |
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| Policies of health: diseases, poverty and hospitals | |
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| Fighting the plague in seventeenth-century Italy | |
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| Plague and the poor in early modern England | |
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| Medical advice in time of plague: Stephen Bradwell (1636) | |
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| Healing the poor: hospitals in Renaissance Florence | |
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| Caring for the sick poor: St Bartholomew's Hospital, London (1653) | |
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| The establishment of the county hospital at Winchester (1736) | |
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| The medicalisation of the hospital in Enlightenment Edinburgh, 1750-1800: the case of Janet Williamson (1772) | |
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| New models of the body, 1600-1800 | |
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| William Harvey and the discovery of the circulation of the blood | |
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| The mechanical body: Descartes on digestion | |
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| Debating the medical benefits of the new anatomy: Girolamo Sbaraglia versus Marcello Malpighi | |
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| New theories, old cures: the Newtonian medicine of George Cheyne | |
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| Medical knowledge, patronage and its impact on practice in eighteenth-century England | |
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| The popularisation of the new medical theories in the eighteenth century: the novels of Laurence Sterne | |
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| Women and medicine in early modern Europe | |
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| Female complaints: the flux | |
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| Popular and learned theories of conception in early modern Britain | |
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| A midwife defends her reputation: Louise Bourgeois (1627) | |
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| The clientele of London midwives in the second half of the seventeenth century | |
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| The making of the man-midwife: the impact of cultural and social change in Georgian England | |
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| The care and cure of the insane in early modern Europe | |
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| Madness in early modern England: the casebooks of Richard Napier | |
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| Melancholy: a physician's view | |
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| The hospitalisation of the insane in early modern Germany: Protestant Haina and Catholic Wurzburg | |
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| New approaches to curing the mad?: William Battie's A Treatise on Madness (1758) | |
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| War and medicine in early modern Europe | |
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| Medicine, surgery and warfare in sixteenth-century Europe: Ambroise Pare | |
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| The cause, diagnosis and treatment of scurvy: James Lind's A Treatise of the Scurvy (1753) | |
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| Military medicine in the eighteenth century: John Pringle's Observations on the Diseases of the Army (1764) | |
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| Military and naval medicine in eighteenth-century France | |
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| Environment, health and population, 1500-1800 | |
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| Air and good health in Renaissance medicine | |
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| Visiting wells and springs in Protestant Scotland | |
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| An account of the mineral waters of Spa (1733) | |
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| The commercialisation of spa waters in eighteenth-century France | |
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| New approaches to understanding disease: Thomas Sydenham (1624-89) | |
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| Medical police and the state in eighteenth-century medicine | |
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| Medical statistics and smallpox in the eighteenth century | |
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| Voltaire on smallpox inoculation | |
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| A newspaper account of inoculation for smallpox (1788) | |
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| Smallpox and inoculation in a provincial town: Luton (1788) | |
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| Cleanliness and the state in eighteenth-century Europe | |
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| The use of artificial ventilators in hospitals | |
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| Public health measures in Paris on the eve of the Revolution: the Cemetery of the Holy Innocents | |
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| Environmental medicine in late Enlightenment Europe | |
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| European medicine in the age of colonialism | |
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| Ecological imperialism and the impact of Old World diseases on the Americas and Australasia | |
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| Health and the promotion of colonialism: Thomas Hariot (1588) | |
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| Medicine and acclimatisation | |
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| The introduction of European medicine to New Spain | |
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| The Europeanisation of native American remedies | |
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| The reception of American drugs in early modern Europe | |
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| Medicine and slavery | |
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| The survival of African medicine in the American colonies | |
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| Medical organisation, training and the medical marketplace in eighteenth-century Europe | |
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| Challenging the physicians' monopoly in London: the Rose Case (1704) | |
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| The Academie Royale de Chirurgie and medicine in ancien regime France | |
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| Medicine and the state in eighteenth-century Germany: the plight of the physicus or state-physician | |
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| Reforming the medical curriculum: Toulouse (1773) | |
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| The clinical education of the physician in late eighteenth-century France: Philippe Pinel (1793) | |
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| Surgical instruction in early eighteenth-century Paris | |
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| Popular criticism of the medical profession: Tobias Smollett's Humphry Clinker (1771) | |
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| Alternative therapies in Georgian England: James Graham's Celestial Bed | |
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| Index | |