Preface | p. xv |
Critical Thinking | p. 1 |
Debate | p. 4 |
Individual Decisions | p. 7 |
Group Discussion | p. 8 |
Persuasion | p. 9 |
Propaganda | p. 10 |
Coercion | p. 11 |
Combination of Methods | p. 12 |
Exercises | p. 12 |
Applied and Academic Debate | p. 15 |
Applied Debate | p. 15 |
Academic Debate | p. 18 |
Ethical Standards for Debate | p. 30 |
Exercises | p. 33 |
Stating the Controversy | p. 35 |
Defining the Controversy | p. 36 |
Phrasing the Debate Proposition | p. 37 |
Presumption and Burden of Proof | p. 39 |
Types of Debate Propositions | p. 45 |
Exercises | p. 48 |
Analyzing the Controversy | p. 50 |
The Importance of Defining Terms | p. 50 |
Methods of Defining Terms | p. 52 |
Issues | p. 60 |
Exercises | p. 70 |
Exploring the Controversy | p. 72 |
Brainstorming for Ideas | p. 72 |
Locating Sources of Material | p. 75 |
Reading with a Purpose | p. 81 |
Reading Critically | p. 82 |
Recording Materials | p. 82 |
Organizing Materials | p. 86 |
Exercises | p. 88 |
Evidence | p. 90 |
Sources of Evidence | p. 92 |
Types of Evidence | p. 97 |
The Probative Force of Evidence | p. 105 |
Exercises | p. 107 |
Tests of Evidence | p. 108 |
Uses of Tests of Evidence | p. 108 |
Tests of Credible Evidence | p. 110 |
Tests of Audience Acceptability | p. 126 |
Exercises | p. 130 |
The Structure of Reasoning | p. 132 |
The Classical Structures | p. 132 |
The Elements of Any Argument | p. 142 |
Extending the Elements of an Argument | p. 146 |
Exercises | p. 147 |
Types of Reasoning | p. 148 |
The Degree of Cogency | p. 148 |
Tests of Reasoning and Their Uses | p. 151 |
General Tests of Reasoning | p. 152 |
Types of Reasoning and Tests for Each Type | p. 153 |
Exercises | p. 166 |
Obstacles to Clear Thinking | p. 167 |
Fallacies of Evidence | p. 169 |
Fallacies of Reasoning | p. 169 |
Fallacies of Language | p. 171 |
Fallacies of Pseudoarguments | p. 173 |
Exercises | p. 179 |
Requirements of the Case | p. 181 |
Requirements of a Prima Facie Case | p. 182 |
Requirements of a Value Case | p. 183 |
Requirements of a Policy Case | p. 185 |
Requirements Common to Both Value and Policy Propositions | p. 190 |
Exercises | p. 194 |
Building the Affirmative Case | p. 196 |
Objectives of the Affirmative Case | p. 197 |
Proposition of Value Affirmative Cases | p. 198 |
Proposition of Policy Affirmative Cases | p. 200 |
Building for Optimum Capability | p. 217 |
Exercises | p. 218 |
Building the Negative Case | p. 220 |
Objectives of the Negative Case | p. 220 |
Proposition of Value Negative Cases | p. 222 |
Proposition of Policy Negative Cases | p. 224 |
Exercises | p. 249 |
Refutation | p. 250 |
Shifting the Burden of Rebuttal | p. 250 |
Purpose and Place of Refutation | p. 251 |
Preparing for Refutation | p. 252 |
Arranging Material for Refutation | p. 254 |
Selecting Evidence and Reasoning | p. 254 |
The Structure of Refutation | p. 260 |
Methods of Refutation | p. 262 |
Exercises | p. 263 |
Presenting the Case: Composition | p. 264 |
Analysis of the Audience | p. 264 |
Written and Oral Styles | p. 269 |
A Philosophy of Style | p. 270 |
Factors of Style in Speech Composition | p. 270 |
Rhetorical Factors in Speech Composition | p. 274 |
Editing | p. 280 |
Exercises | p. 280 |
Presenting the Case: Delivery | p. 282 |
Methods of Delivery | p. 282 |
Steps to Good Delivery | p. 286 |
Nonverbal Communication | p. 288 |
Special Considerations: Tournament Debate Delivery | p. 292 |
Exercises | p. 293 |
Evaluating the Debate | p. 295 |
Functions of the Judge | p. 295 |
Judging Philosophies | p. 300 |
Functions of the Ballot | p. 306 |
Special Ballots for Special Purposes | p. 308 |
Exercises | p. 309 |
Modern Procedures: Academic Debate Formats | p. 310 |
Formats of Debate | p. 310 |
The Audience | p. 323 |
Adapting the Debate to Communications Media | p. 324 |
Exercises | p. 327 |
Applied Parliamentary Debate | p. 329 |
Sources of Parliamentary Debate Rules | p. 330 |
The Order of Business | p. 331 |
Presentation of Motions | p. 332 |
Precedence of Motions | p. 333 |
Purposes of Motions | p. 333 |
Unanimous Consent | p. 338 |
Exercises | p. 338 |
Presidential Debate | p. 341 |
The 1996 Clinton-Dole Debate | p. 343 |
Exercises | p. 368 |
National Championship Debate | p. 370 |
Exercises | p. 411 |
National Intercollegiate Debate Propositions (NDT) | p. 422 |
National Intercollegiate Debate Propositions (CEDA) | p. 428 |
Debate Bibliography | p. 431 |
Glossary of Terms in Argumentation and Debate | p. 456 |
Index | p. 465 |
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |