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| Principles and Issues: The Background | |
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| Stress Concepts, Theories, and Models | |
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| Common Sense and Not-So-Common Definitions of Stress | |
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| Formal Definitions of Stress | |
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| Distinguishing Stress from Other Emotive States | |
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| In Sickness and in Health: Health Status and Social Roles | |
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| Building Theories: The Explanatory Stories of Science | |
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| Varieties of Biological Stress Theories | |
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| The Diathesis-Stress Model | |
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| Varieties of Psychological Stress Theories | |
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| Varieties of Social Stress Theories | |
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| Making Sense of the Confusion | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Answers and Comments on Self-Study Exercises | |
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| Comments on Self-Study Exercises | |
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| Stress Research: Logic, Design, and Process | |
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| Being Scientists and Being Consumers | |
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| Modes of Thinking in Science | |
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| The Logic of Scientific Method | |
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| Case Studies: The Intensive Analysis of One | |
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| Ex-Post Facto Studies: Looking Back | |
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| Ecological Momentary Assessment: Remote Observers | |
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| Correlational Designs: What Is the Relationship? Clinical Research: Pre-Post Intervention Designs | |
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| Epidemiology: The Science of Epidemics | |
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| Meta-Analysis: Analyzing the Analyses | |
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| Animals in Stress and Health Research | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Comments on Self-Study Exercises | |
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| Answers for Self-Study Exercises | |
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| Biopsychological Foundations of Stress | |
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| The Cognitive Stress System: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Expectations | |
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| Labels, Guesses, and Gaps | |
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| Anticipations: Hope and Despair | |
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| Cognitive Science: Probing the Mysteries of Mind | |
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| A Model of Mind: Information Processing | |
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| Schemata and Personal Constructs | |
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| Perception: Stress is in the Eye of the Beholder | |
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| Perception, Deprivation, and Overload | |
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| Memory: I Don''t Remember It That Way | |
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| Appraisal Processes in Stress | |
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| Factors Contributing to Stressful Appraisals | |
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| Secondary Appraisal, Self-Efficacy, and Mastery | |
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| Attributions, Beliefs, and Health | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Analysis and Comments on Self-Study Exercises | |
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| Answers and Comments on Self-Study Exercises | |
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| Personality and Stress: Traits, Types, and Biotypes | |
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| Persona: What Lies Behind the Mask | |
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| Classic and Contemporary Definitions of Personality | |
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| Varieties of Personality Theory | |
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| General Models: The Personality-Health Connection | |
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| Coronaries, Type A, and Hypertension | |
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| The Depression-Prone Personality | |
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| The Cancer-Prone Personality | |
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| Personality and Smoking | |
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| The Alcoholic Personality | |
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| Biotypes or the Disease-Prone Personality: The Final Score | |
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| Control, Hardiness, and Self-Esteem | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| The Physiology of Stress: The Brain, Body, and Immune Systems | |
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| Mind, Brain, and Body: Some Definitions | |
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| Charting the Back Roads of the Mind | |
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| The Brain: Its Role in Stress and Health | |
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| Natural Defenses: The Immune System | |
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| The Cardiovascular System | |
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| The Digestive System and Ulcers | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Social Systems and Stress | |
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| Stress in the Family: Adjustment, Conflict, and Disruption | |
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| Focus on the Family | |
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| A Case Study in Family Stress | |
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| Family Stress: Problems in Definition | |
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| A Transactional Theory of Family Stress | |
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| Transitional Stress | |
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| Separation and Divorce | |
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| The Single-Parent Family | |
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| Violence in the Family | |
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| Battered Wives | |
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| Sexual Abuse of Children | |
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| Positive Coping in the Family | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Answers and Comments on Self-Study Exercises | |
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| Job Stress: Dissatisfaction, Burnout, and Obsolescence | |
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| Dimensions of Job Stress | |
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| Defining Job Stress | |
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| The Costs of Work Stress | |
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| Symptoms of Work Stress | |
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| Sources of Work Stress | |
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| Are Boredom and Monotony Really Stressors? Technostress: The Changing Faces of Jobs | |
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| Job Burnout: The End of Work Stress | |
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| Work Stress in Special Groups | |
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| Telecommuting or the Electronic Sweatshop? Coping with Job Stress and Burnout | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Social Sources of Stress: Social, Technological, and Life-Changes | |
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| Case Studies in Road Rage: The Benign and Malignant | |
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| Cutting to the Chase: Possible Causes of Road Rage | |
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| Stress and Illness: The Origins of Social Theory | |
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| A Search for Social Stressors | |
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| Stress and Social Change | |
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| Life-Change, Stress, and Illness | |
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| Life-Change Units: The Empirical Story | |
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| The Social Readjustment Rating Scale | |
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| Do Stressful Life Events Really Produce Illness? The Case Against Life-Change and Illness | |
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| Race and Socioeconomic Status | |
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| Coping with Social Change | |
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| Religion and Beliefs: Influence on Coping and Health | |
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| Coping with Victimization | |
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| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A First Look | |
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| Fear-The Victim''s Jailer | |
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| Victimology: Investigating Criminal-Victim Relationships | |
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| Barriers to Effective Prevention | |
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| Coping with the Aftermath of Criminal Assault | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Environmental Stress: Disasters, Pollution, and Overcrowding | |
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| Environment and Ecology | |
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| Theories of Environmental Stress | |
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| Categories of Environmental Stress | |
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| Natural Disasters | |
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| The Aftermath of Mount Saint Helens | |
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| Technological Disasters | |
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| Buffalo Creek and Three Mile Island | |
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| Coping with the Effects of Disaster | |
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| Noise Pollution | |
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| Coping with Noise Pollution | |
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| Air Pollution | |
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| Stress and Overcrowding | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Coping, Relaxation, and Imagery | |
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| Coping Strategies: Controlling Stress | |
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| Coping Cameos: Struggles and Strategies | |
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| Coping Terminology: Origins and Definitions | |
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| Coping Categories: Problem-Focused versus Emotion-Focused Coping | |
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| Coping Resources: Assets and Support | |
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| Coping Strategies: Combative and Preventive Coping | |
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| Coping Efforts: What Can You Do to Cope with Stress | |
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| Coping Styles: Reactive and Proactive Coping | |
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| Building Coping Skills | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Progressive Muscle Relaxation: Premises and Process | |
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| Progressive Muscle Relaxation: The Promise | |
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| From Promise to Premise | |
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| A Cognitive-Behavioral View of Relaxation | |
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| From Premise to Preparation | |
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| Relaxation: The Process | |
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| A Tension-Scanning Exercise | |
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| Moving On: When Can I Do Something with It? Getting Relaxed the Fast Way | |
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| Relaxing A Group of Muscles | |
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| Terrifying Slopes: Relaxation to the Rescue | |
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| Relaxing with a Word | |
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| Cue-Controlled Relaxation at School or Work | |
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| Differential and Graduated Relaxation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Cognitive and Imagery Techniques: Autogenics, Desensitization, and Stress Inoculation | |
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| Imagery: The Core of Relaxation | |
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| Autogenics: Imagery-Based Relaxation | |
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| Managing Specific Fears | |
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| Managing Specific Fears with Desensitization | |
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| The Three Keys to Desensitization | |
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| Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing | |
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| Cognitive Restructuring | |
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| Stress Inoculation: Preparing for Stress | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| The Concentration Techniques: Meditation and Biofeedback | |
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| The Mysterious God-Men of India | |
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| The Highroad of Meditation | |
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| Transcendental Meditation: A Western Mantra Yoga? The Relaxation Response: Secular Meditation | |
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| Biofeedback: Electronic Euphoria or Practical Tool? Listening to Your Body | |
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| But Is It Good for Anything? Biofeedback: The Final Score | |
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| Should I Try Biofeedback? Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Student Stressors, Nutrition, and Exercise | |
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| Student Survival Skills: Transitions and the Paper Chase | |
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| A Gallery of Students and Stressors | |
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| A Typology of Student Stressors | |
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| Time Management for Students | |
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| Why Study Time Management? Seven Deadly Sins of Time Mismanagement | |
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| Self-study Exercise: Finding Your Time Management Weaknesses | |
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| Positive Time Management | |
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| Hints for Effective Time Management | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Behavioral Health Strategies: Nutrition and Exercise | |
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| Stress and Health: Links to Nutrition and Exercise | |
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| Unhealthy Behaviors: Diet and Sedentary Lifestyles | |
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| Effects of Stress on Metabolism and Diet | |
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| Effects of Diet on Stress | |
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| Eating Right: Balancing Energy Intake | |
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| Vitamins: Use or Abuse and Addiction? Eating Light | |
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| Exercise, Health, and Stress | |
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| Preparing for Exercise | |
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| Exercising for Fitness | |
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| Barriers to Effective Exercise | |
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| The Exerciser: A Psychological Profile | |
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| Marathon Running: The Myth of Coronary Immunity | |
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| Exercising for Weight Control | |
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| Precautions for Exercise Programs | |
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| Behavioral Self-Control: Principles for Sticking with It | |
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| Summary | |
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| Summary | |
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| Critical Thinking and Study Questions | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Websites | |
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| Appendix | |
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| Relaxation Instructions | |
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| Preparation | |
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| Getting Started with Relaxation | |
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| Instructions for Relaxation | |
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| Preparing Your Own Relaxation Instructions | |
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| Instructions for Reducing the Steps by Grouping Muscles | |
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| Cue-Controlled Relaxation Instructions | |
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| References | |
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| Subject Index | |