George A. (Sandy) Mackenzie is Assistant Director, Research Department, International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington, DC. He was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and educated at Dalhousie University and Oxford, which he attended on a Rhodes Scholarship. Mr. Mackenzie has been a member of the economic staff of the IMF for more than 27 years. His interest in pensions issues is longstanding, and his work in the area includes advising South American governments on individual accounts reform, and a number of papers on related issues. He has published papers in Finanzarchive, Public Finance/Finances Publiques, and the Journal of Budgeting and Finance.