| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motivation for optical imaging | |
| |
| |
| |
| General behavior of light in biological tissue | |
| |
| |
| |
| Basic physics of light-matter interaction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Absorption and its biological origins | |
| |
| |
| |
| Scattering and its biological origins | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polarization and its biological origins | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fluorescence and its biological origins | |
| |
| |
| |
| Image characterization | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Rayleigh Theory And Mie Theory For A Single Scatterer | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary of the Rayleigh theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Numerical example of the Rayleigh theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Summary of the Mie theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Numerical example of the Mie theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appendix 2.A | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appendix 2.B | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Monte Carlo Modeling Of Photon Transport In Biological Tissue | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Monte Carlo method | |
| |
| |
| |
| Definition of problem | |
| |
| |
| |
| Propagation of photons | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physical quantities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Computational examples | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appendix 3.A | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appendix 3.B | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Convolution For Broadbeam Responses | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| General formulation of convolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Convolution over a Gaussian beam | |
| |
| |
| |
| Convolution over a top-hat beam | |
| |
| |
| |
| Numerical solution to convolution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Computational examples | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appendix 4.A | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Radiative Transfer Equation And Diffusion Theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Definitions of physical quantities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Derivation of the radiative transport equation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffusion theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Boundary conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffuse reflectance | |
| |
| |
| |
| Photon propagation regimes | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hybrid Model Of Monte Carlo Method And Diffusion Theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Definition of problem | |
| |
| |
| |
| Diffusion theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hybrid model | |
| |
| |
| |
| Numerical computation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Computational examples | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sensing Of Optical Properties And Spectroscopy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Collimated transmission method | |
| |
| |
| |
| Spectrophotometry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oblique-incidence reflectometry | |
| |
| |
| |
| White-light spectroscopy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Time-resolved measurement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fluorescence spectroscopy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fluorescence modeling | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ballistic Imaging And Microscopy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of ballistic light | |
| |
| |
| |
| Time-gated imaging | |
| |
| |
| |
| Spatial-frequency filtered imaging | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polarization-difference imaging | |
| |
| |
| |
| Coherence-gated holographic imaging | |
| |
| |
| |
| Optical heterodyne imaging | |
| |
| |
| |
| Radon transformation and computed tomography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Confocal microscopy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Two-photon microscopy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appendix 8.A. Holography | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Optical Coherence Tomography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Michelson interferometry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Coherence length and coherence time | |
| |
| |
| |
| Time-domain OCT | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fourier-domain rapid scanning optical delay line | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fourier-domain OCT | |
| |
| |
| |
| Doppler OCT | |
| |
| |
| |
| Group velocity dispersion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Monte Carlo modeling of OCT | |
| |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| |
| Further readings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mueller Optical Coherence Tomography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |