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Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology | |
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The Discovery of Cells | |
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Basic Properties of Cells | |
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Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells | |
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Viruses | |
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The Chemical Basis of Life | |
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Covalent Bonds | |
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Noncovalent Bonds | |
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Acids, Bases, and Buffers | |
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The Nature of Biological Molecules | |
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Four Types of Biological Molecules | |
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The Formation of Complex Macromolecular Structures | |
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Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism | |
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Bioenergetics | |
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Enzymes as Biological Catalysts | |
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Metabolism | |
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The Structure of Function of the Plasma Membrane | |
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An Overview of Membrane Functions | |
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A Brief History of Studies on Plasma Membrane Structure | |
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The Chemical Composition of Membranes | |
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The Structure and Functions of Membrane Proteins | |
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Membrane Lipids and Membrane Fluidity | |
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The Dynamic Nature of the Plasma Membrane | |
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The Movement of Substances Across Cell Membranes | |
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Membrane Potentials and Nerve Impulses | |
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Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion | |
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Mitochondrial Structure and Function | |
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Oxidative Metabolism in the Mitochondrion | |
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The Role of Mitochondria in the Formation of ATP | |
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Translocation of Protons and Establishment of a Proton-Motive Force | |
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The Machinery for ATP Formation | |
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Peroxisomes | |
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Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast | |
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Chloroplast Structure and Function | |
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An Overview of Photosynthetic Metabolism | |
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The Absorption of Light | |
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Photosynthetic Units and Reaction Centers | |
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Photophosphorylation | |
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Carbon Dioxide Fixation and the Synthesis of Carbohydrate | |
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Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment | |
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The Extracellular Space | |
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Interactions of Cells With Extracellular Materials | |
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Interactions of Cells With Other Cells | |
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Tight Junctions: Sealing the Extracellular Space | |
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GAP Junctions and Plasmodesmata: Mediating Intercellular Communication | |
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Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking | |
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An Overview of the Endomembrane System | |
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A Few Approaches to the Study of Endomembranes | |
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The Endoplasmic Reticulum | |
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The Golgi Complex | |
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Types of Vesicle Transport and Their Functions | |
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Lysosomes | |
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Plant Cell Vacuoles | |
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The Endocytic Pathway: Moving Membrane and Materials into the Cell Interior | |
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Posttranslational Uptake of Proteins By Peroxisomes, Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts | |
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The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility | |
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Overview of the Major Functions of the Cytoskeleton | |
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The Study of the Cytoskeleton | |
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Microtubules | |
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Intermediate Filaments | |
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Microfilaments | |
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Muscle Contractility | |
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Nonmuscle Motility | |
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The Nature of the Gene and the Genome | |
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The Concept of a Gene as a Unit of Inheritance | |
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Chromosomes: The Physical Carriers of the Genes | |
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The Chemical Nature of the Gene | |
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The Structure of the Genome | |
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The Stability of the Genome | |
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Sequencing Genomes: The Footprints of Biological Evolution | |
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Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation | |
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The Relationship Between Genes and Proteins | |
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An Overview of Transcription in Both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells | |
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Synthesis and Processing of Ribosomal and Transfer RNAs | |
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Synthesis and Processing of Messenger RNAs | |
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Small Regulatory RNAs and RNA Silencing Pathways | |
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Encoding Genetic Information | |
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Decoding the Condons: The Role of Transfer RNAs | |
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Translating Genetic Information | |
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The Cell Nucleus and the Control of Gene Expression | |
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The Nucleus of a Eukaryotic Cell | |
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Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria | |
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Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes | |
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Transcriptional-Level Control | |
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Processing-Level Control | |
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Translational-Level Control | |
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Postranslational Control Determining Protein Stability | |
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DNA Replication and Repair | |
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DNA Replication | |
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DNA Repair | |
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Between Replication and Repair | |
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Cellular Reproduction | |
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The Cell Cycle | |
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M Phase: Mitosis and Cytokinesis | |
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Meiosis | |
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Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells | |
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The Basic Elements of Cell Signaling Systems | |
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A Survey of Extracellular Messengers and Their Receptors | |
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G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Their Second Messengers | |
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Protein-Tyrosine Phosphorylation as a Mechanism for Signal Transduction | |
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The Role of Calcium as an Intracellular Messenger | |
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Convergence, Divergence, and Crosstalk Among Different Signaling Pathways | |
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The Role of No As An Intercellular Messenger | |
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Apoptosis (Programmed Cell Death) | |
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Cancer | |
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Basic Properties of a Cancer Cell | |
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The Causes of Cancer | |
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The Genetics of Cancer | |
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New Strategies for Combating Cancer | |
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The Immune Response | |
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An Overview of the Immune Response | |
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The Clonal Selection Theory As It Applies To B Cells | |
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T Lymphocytes: Activation and Mechanism of Action | |
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Selected Topics on the Cellular and Molecular Basis of Immunity | |
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Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology | |
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The Light Microscope | |
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Transmission Electron Microscopy | |
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Scanning Electron and Atomic Force Microscopy | |
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The Use of Radioisotopes | |
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Cell Culture | |
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The Fractionation of a Cell's Contents by Differential Centrifugation | |
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Isolation, Purification, and Fractionation of Proteins | |
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Determining the Structure of Proteins and Multisubunit Complexes | |
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Purification of Nucleic Acids, | |
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Fractionation of Nucleic Acids | |
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Nucleic Acid Hybridization | |
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Chemical Synthesis of DNA | |
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Recombinant DNA Technology | |
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Enzymatic Amplification of DNA by PCR | |
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DNA Sequencing | |
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DNA Libraries | |
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DNA Transfer Into Eukaryotic Cells and Mammalian Embryos | |
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Determining Eukaryotic Gene Function by Gene Elimination or Silencing | |
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The Use of Antibodies | |
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Glossary | |
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Additional Readings | |
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Index | |