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Preface | |
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About the Authors | |
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Introduction to the Instructional Design Process | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider? | |
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Why Instructional Design?What is Instructional Design? | |
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Premises Underlying the Instructional Design Process | |
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Overview of our Design Model | |
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Who''s who in the Instructional Design Process | |
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Answering the Critics | |
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Questions . . .Questions . . . Questions | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Application | |
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Answers | |
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References | |
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Identifying the Need for Instruction | |
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Getting started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Is Instruction the Answer? | |
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Needs Assessment | |
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Goal Analysis | |
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Performance Assessment | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Applications | |
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Answers | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Learner and Contextual Analysis | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Types of Learner Characteristics | |
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Contextual Analysis | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Application | |
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Answers | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Task Analysis | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Task Analysis | |
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Topic Analysis | |
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Procedural Analysis | |
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The Critical Incident Method | |
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Conducting a Task Analysis | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Application | |
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Answer | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Instructional Objectives | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Function of Objectives | |
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Three Objective Domains | |
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Developing Instructional Objectives | |
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Writing Objectives in the Cognitive Domain | |
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Writing Objectives for the Psychomotor Domain | |
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Writing Objectives for the Affective Domain | |
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Classifying Objectives | |
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Difficulties in Writing Objectives | |
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Pros and Cons of Writing Objectives | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Application | |
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Answer | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Designing the Instruction: Sequencing | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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The Posner and Strike Sequencing Schemes | |
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Elaboration Theory Sequencing | |
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From Objectives to Sequencing | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Application | |
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Answers | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Designing the Instruction: Strategies | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Why Instructional Strategies?Prescriptions for Instructional Strategies | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Applications | |
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Answers | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Designing the Instructional Message | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Preinstructional Strategies | |
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Message Design for Text | |
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Pictures and Graphics in Instruction | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Application | |
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Answer | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Developing Instructional Materials | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Starting the Development of the Instruction | |
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Heuristics for Developing Instruction | |
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Putting Pen to Paper or Fingers to Keyboard | |
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Group Presentations | |
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Self-Paced Learning | |
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Small-Group Formats | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Application | |
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Answer | |
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Quality Management | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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The Many Faces of Evaluation | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Purposes of Evaluation | |
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Relationship Among Formative, Summative, and Confirmative Evaluations | |
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Relationship between Evaluation and Instructional Objectives | |
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Validity and Reliability of Tests | |
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Standards of Achievement | |
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Student Self-Evaluation | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Applications | |
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Answers | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Developing Evaluation Instruments | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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Testing Knowledge | |
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Testing Skills and Behavior | |
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Attitudes | |
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Summary | |
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The ID Process | |
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Applications | |
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Answers | |
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Instructional Design: Decisions and Choices | |
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References | |
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Conducting Formative and Summative Evaluations | |
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Getting Started | |
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Questions to Consider | |
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A Basic Model for Formative Evaluation | |
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Types of Formative Evaluation | |
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Stages of Formative Evaluation | |
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Summative Evaluation: Determining Program Outcomes | |
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Program Effectiveness | |
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Program Efficiency | |