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Preface | |
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Acknowledgements | |
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The language and its dialects | |
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Cultural, literary and linguistic background | |
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Dialects II. Alphabet, pronunciation and stress | |
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Alphabet | |
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Pronunciation | |
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Consonants | |
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Voiced and unvoiced | |
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Soft and hard | |
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Consonantal assimilations | |
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Consonantal contractions | |
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Fleeting a | |
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Change of ? /l to ?/o | |
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J changes | |
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Effects of e/e and ?/i on k/k, ?/g and ?/h | |
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Vowels | |
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Length and stress | |
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Vowel mutations | |
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Stress | |
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Word stress and tone | |
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Shift of stress | |
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Sentence stress III. Parts of speech | |
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Verbs | |
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Infinitives - classification | |
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Infinitive & present tense stems | |
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Type 1 conjugation | |
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Type ii conjugation | |
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Type iii conjugation | |
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Types of verbs and aspects | |
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Imperfective | |
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Perfective | |
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Transitive | |
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Intransitive | |
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Present tense | |
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Past tense | |
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Future tense | |
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Aorist tense | |
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Future ii (future exact) | |
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The conditional | |
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Formation of interrogative | |
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Formation of negative | |
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Imperative | |
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Reflexive verbs | |
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Impersonal verbs | |
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Auxiliary verbs | |
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Present perfect of ????/biti | |
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???/i?i and its derivatives | |
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Modal verbs (need to, should, ought to) | |
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Nouns | |
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Types of nouns | |
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Gender of nouns | |
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Cases of nouns | |
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Nominative case | |
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Genitive case | |
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Dative case | |
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Accusative case | |
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Vocative case | |
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Instrumental case | |
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Locative case | |
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Declensions of nouns | |
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Masculine & neuter nouns | |
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Feminine nouns and masculine nouns ending in -a/a and the noun ????/mati | |
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Feminine nouns ending in consonant or -o/o, -oct/ost, -a?/ad, and the noun k??/k?i | |
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Declension of irregular nouns | |
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Pronouns | |
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Personal pronouns | |
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Declension of personal pronouns | |
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Stressed personal pronouns | |
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Unstressed personal pronouns | |
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Order of unstressed personal pronouns | |
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Reflexive pronouns | |
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Possessive pronouns | |
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Demonstrative pronouns | |
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Relative pronouns | |
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Interrogative pronouns | |
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Universal pronouns | |
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Compounded pronouns | |
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Adjectives | |
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Classification of adjectives | |
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Indefinite adjectives | |
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Definite adjectives | |
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Possessive adjectives | |
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Adjectival declension | |
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Comparative adjectives | |
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Superlative adjectives | |
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Verbal adjectives | |
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Adverbs | |
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Substantival adverbs | |
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Adjectival adverbs | |
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Pronominal adverbs | |
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Verbal adverbs | |
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Prepositions | |
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Simple prepositions | |
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Compound prepositions | |
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Accentuation | |
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Prepositions through the cases | |
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Conjunctions | |
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Coordinating conjunctions | |
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Subordinating conjunctions | |
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Differences in usages of ???/ to and ????/koji | |
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Enclitics | |
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Order and importance of enclitics | |
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Numerals | |
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Cardinal numbers and their declension | |
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Ordinal numbers and their declension | |
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Fractions and decimal numbers | |
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Collective numerals | |
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Number nouns | |
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Multiplicates | |
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Approximatives | |
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Distributives | |
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Weights and measures | |
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Age | |
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Days, months and dates | |
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Time | |
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Quantifiers | |
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Types of quantifiers | |
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Countable quantifiers | |
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Uncountable quantifiers | |
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Countable and unaccountable quantifiers | |
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Determiners | |
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Possessive determiners | |
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Demonstrative determiners | |
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Interrogative determiners | |
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Negative determiners | |
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Particles, conjunctions and exclamations IV.Sentence elements and structure | |
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A sentence | |
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Elements of a sentence | |
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Types of clauses | |
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Sentence structure | |
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Word order | |
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Punctuation | |
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Simple sentences | |
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Complex sentences | |
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Cyrillic cursive | |
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Formation of the genitive | |
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Declensions of nouns: 1st declension. 2nd declension. 3rd declension | |
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References | |