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Abnormal Psychology

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ISBN-10: 039394459X

ISBN-13: 9780393944594

Edition: 4th 2001

Authors: David L. Rosenhan, Martin E. P. Seligman, Elaine F. Walker

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Book details

Edition: 4th
Copyright year: 2001
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company, Incorporated
Publication date: 6/5/2001
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 864
Size: 8.74" wide x 11.10" long x 1.24" tall
Weight: 4.488
Language: English

David L. Rosenhan is Professor Emeritus of Psychology and Law at Stanford University.nbsp; He has been a major proponent of the legal rights of mental patients and an investigator of basic personality and social processes.nbsp; He has published widely in leading professional journals.nbsp; His 1973 pseudopatients study remains a landmark in the field.

Elaine F. Walker is the Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Emory University. She teaches and conducts research on the causes of serious mental disorders. Much of her research focuses on the developmental course of schizophrenia, especially childhood precursors. Dr. Walker has published over 100 books and articles. She is the recipient of several awards, including the James McKeen Cattell Award, the W. T. Grant Foundation Faculty Scholar Award, and the Gralnick Award for research on schizophrenia. She is the former director of the clinical program at Emory University and is currently the president of the Society for Research in Psychopathology.

Preface
Abnormality: Past and Present
Themes and Challenges
Biological and Psychological Levels of Analysis
Science and Practice
Development
Treatment of Choice
Early Approaches to Abnormality
Animistic Origins: Possession
Physical Causes
Psychogenic Origins
Treatment of the Insane
Segregating the Insane
The Growth of Humane Treatment
Defining Abnormality Today
The Elements of Abnormality
The Family Resemblance Approach to Defining Abnormality
The Hazards of Defining Abnormality
The Hazards of Self-Diagnosis
Putting It All Together
Summary
Assessment, Diagnosis, and Research Methods
Assessment
The Physical Examination
The Clinical Interview
Observation
Psychological Testing
Diagnosis
Reasons for Diagnosis
Evaluating Assessment and Diagnosis
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
Factors That Bias the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders
The Need for Categorization and Diagnosis
Research Methods
The Clinical Case History
Scientific Experimentation
Experiments of Nature
Comparative Studies
Correlational Studies
Epidemiological Studies
Putting It All Together
Summary
Psychological Approaches
The Psychodynamic Approach
Id, Ego, and Superego
Anxiety and Defense Mechanisms
Psychodynamic Theorists after Freud
Psychodynamic Treatment
Evaluating Psychodynamic Theory
Psychoanalysis and the Medical Model
The Existential and Humanistic Approaches
Freedom and Choice
Fear of Dying
Existential Treatment
Evaluating the Existential Approach
The Behavioral Approach
Pavlovian Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Avoidance Learning
The Cognitive Approach
Cognitive Therapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Combining Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Psychodynamics
Evaluating Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy
Putting It All Together
Summary
The Biological Approach and Neuroscience
The Biological Approach
Determining Causes and Treatment
The Diathesis-Stress Model
Genes and Abnormal Behavior
Genes and Chromosomes
Genotypes and Phenotypes
Gene-Environment Interaction
Research Methods in Behavioral Genetics
Neurons and Biochemical Etiology
Neural Activity
Disordered Neural Activity
Molecular Techniques and the Study of Neurons
Brain Structures and Abnormal Behavior
The Central Nervous System
The Peripheral Nervous System
Neurodevelopment and Abnormal Behavior
The Prenatal Period
Postnatal CNS Development
Critical Periods for Psychological Development
Environmental Input and Abnormal Behavior
Effects of Learning and Memory
Effects of Experience
Putting It All Together
Summary
Anxiety Disorders
Fear and Anxiety
Elements of Fear
Degree of Fear
Anxiety Distinguished from Fear
Phobia
Specific Phobia
Social Phobia
Etiology of Phobias
Therapy for Phobias
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Characterizing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Course of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Vulnerability to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment of PTSD
Panic Disorder
Symptoms of a Panic Attack
Etiology of Panic Disorder
Treatment of Panic Disorder
Agoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Symptoms and Prevalence of GAD
Etiology of GAD
Treatment of GAD
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsession, Anxiety, and Depression
Vulnerability to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Theories of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Treatment of OCD
Everyday Anxiety
Putting It All Together
Summary
Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders
Somatoform Disorders
Types of Somatoform Disorders
Diagnosing Somatoform Disorders
Vulnerability to Somatoform Disorders
The Etiology of Somatoform Disorders
Treatment of Somatoform Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia
Depersonalization Disorder
Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder)
Putting It All Together
Summary
Mood Disorders
Classifying the Mood Disorders
Depression and Depressive Disorders
Signs and Symptoms of Depression
Vulnerability and Prevalence of Depression
The Course of Depression
Theories of Depressive Disorders
The Biological Approach to Depression
The Psychological Approach to Depression
Treatment of Depressive Disorders
Biological Therapy for Depression
Psychological Therapy
Bipolar Disorder
Symptoms of Mania
Course of Bipolar Disorder
Cause of Bipolar Disorder
Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Suicide
Who Is at Risk for Suicide?
The Motivation for Suicide
Prevention and Treatment of Suicide
Putting It All Together
Summary
Early-Onset Disorders
Identifying Childhood Disorders
Vulnerabilities to Disorders
Unique Aspects of Childhood Disorders
Types of Childhood Disorders
Emotional Disorders
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Phobias
Childhood Depression
Treatment of Emotional Disorders
Developmental Disorders
Autism
Rett's Disorder
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
Asperger's Disorder
PDD-NOS
Mental Retardation
Learning Disorders
Eating and Habit Disorders
Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia
Elimination Disorders
Stuttering
Tic Disorders
Disruptive Behavior Disorders
Conduct Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Putting It All Together
Summary
Personality Disorders
Diagnosing Personality Disorders
Categories or Dimensions of Personality?
Development of Disorders
Clusters of Disorders
Odd-Eccentric Disorders
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Dramatic-Erratic Disorders
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
Anxious-Fearful Disorders
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
Putting It All Together
Summary
The Schizophrenias
What Is Schizophrenia?
Historical Views
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
DSM-IV Subtypes of Schizophrenia
Other Approaches to Subtyping Schizophrenia
The Epidemiology of Schizophrenia
Deficits in Functioning
Cognitive Deficits
Perceptual Deficits
Motor Deficits
Emotional Deficits
Sources of Vulnerability
Genetics of Schizophrenia
Complications of Pregnancy and Birth
Childhood Indicators of Schizophrenia
The Biology of Schizophrenia
Social Influences
Treatment of Schizophrenia
Drug Therapy
Psychological Treatments
Putting It All Together
Summary
Late-Onset Disorders
Vulnerability to Disorders of Aging
Physical Vulnerability
Psychological Vulnerability
Dementia
Alzheimer's Disease
Vascular Dementia
Frontal Lobe Dementia
Dementia Due to Parkinson's Disease
Delirium
Late-Life Depression
Prevalence and Symptoms of Clinical Depression
Treatment
Anxiety in the Elderly
Substance Abuse in the Elderly
Delusional Disorder
Late-Onset Schizophrenia
Putting It All Together
Summary
Psychological Factors and Physical Disorders
Interaction of Mind and Body
Diathesis and Stress
Biological Mechanisms
Psychological Moderating Factors
Coronary Heart Disease
The Type A Personality
Emotional States and CHD
Peptic Ulcers
Symptoms and Development of Ulcers
Who Is Susceptible to Ulcers?
Psychological Factors Influencing Peptic Ulcers
Treatment of Peptic Ulcers
Immune System Disorders
Lowered Immunocompetence and Infectious Illness
AIDS
Cancer
Asthma
Putting It All Together
Summary
Sexual Disorders
Five Layers of Erotic Life
Gender Identity: Layer I
Characteristics of Transsexuals
The Etiology of Transsexualism
Therapy for Transsexualism: Sex Reassignment
Sexual Orientation: Layer II
Origins of Sexual Orientation
Change of Sexual Orientation
Sexual Preference: Layer III
Types of Paraphilias
The Causes of the Paraphilias
Changing Sexual Preferences
Sex Role: Layer IV
Sexual Performance: Layer V
The Physiology of the Human Sexual Response
Impairment of Sexual Performance
The Causes of Sexual Dysfunction
Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction
Putting It All Together
Summary
Substance-Use Disorders
Drug Use and Abuse
Historical Aspects of Drug Use and Dependence
DSM-IV Criteria
WHO Definition
Basic Effects of Drugs
Theoretical Models of Drug Dependence
Alcohol
Alcohol Use and Abuse
Defining Alcoholism
Etiology of Alcoholism
Clinical Subgroups of Alcoholics
Treatment
Medical and Social Complications
Stimulants
Use of Methamphetamine
Use of Cocaine
The Effects of Cocaine
Cocaine Dependence
Treatment
Social and Medical Complications
The Opiates
Effects of Opiates
Opiate Dependence
Treatment
Medical and Social Complications
Hallucinogens
Effects of Hallucinogens
Medical and Social Complications
PCP and MDMA
Marijuana
Effects of Marijuana
Medical and Social Complications
Tobacco
Effects of Nicotine
Nicotine Dependence
Treatment
Medical and Social Complications
Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines
Effects of Sedatives
Sedative Dependence
Reducing Drug Abuse
Legalize Drugs?
Limit Drug Availability?
Drug Education and Prevention
Improve Treatment and Research
Putting It All Together
Summary
Social and Legal Perspectives
The Impact of Mental Illness
The Burden on the Individual
The Cost to the Family
The Costs to Society
Patient and Family Activism
Involuntary Commitment
Civil Commitment Procedures
The Right to Treatment
Abolish or Expand Involuntary Hospitalization?
Criminal Commitment
Competency to Stand Trial
The Insanity Defense
New Challenges to the Legal System
Dissociative Identity Disorder and Legal Responsibility
Accuracy of Recovered Memories
The Abuse of Mental Health Care
Clinical Malpractice
Abuse by Society
Putting It All Together
Summary
Future Directions
Levels of Analysis: The Biopsychology of Murder
Science and Practice: Effectiveness and Economics of Psychotherapy
The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy
The Economics of Psychotherapy
Development: The Prevention Frontier
Depression
Anxiety
Aggression and Violence
Treatment of Choice: Positive Psychology
Putting It All Together
Summary
Glossary
References
Acknowledgments and Copyrights
Name Index
Subject Index