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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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The Urban Ecosystem | |
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The Dynamics of Urban (Eco)Systems | |
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Cities as Human Systems | |
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Cities as Ecological Systems | |
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Cities as Hybrid Ecosystems | |
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Complexity, Emergent Properties, and Self-Organization | |
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Resilience in Urban Ecosystems | |
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Rationale for a Synthesis | |
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Humans as a Component of Ecosystems | |
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Emergence and Evolution of Settlement Patterns | |
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Modeling Urban Development and Ecology | |
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An Agent-Based Hierarchical Model | |
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Modeling Changes in Land Use and Land Cover | |
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Changes in Land Use and Land Cover in Puget Sound | |
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Urban Patterns and Ecosystem Function | |
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Patterns, Processes, and Functions in Urban Ecosystems | |
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Net Primary Productivity | |
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Hydrological Function | |
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Nutrient Cycles | |
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Biodiversity | |
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Disturbance Regimes | |
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An Empirical Study in Puget Sound | |
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Landscape Signatures | |
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Hybrid Urban Landscapes | |
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Gradients, Patches, Networks, and Hierarchies | |
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Urban Landscape Signatures | |
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Measuring Urban Landscape Patterns | |
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Detecting Landscape Patterns in Puget Sound | |
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Monitoring Landscape Change in Puget Sound | |
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Hydrological Processes | |
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The Urban Hydrological Cycle | |
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Urban Hydrological Functions | |
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Human-Induced Changes in Urban Watersheds | |
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Urban Patterns and Stream Biotic Integrity | |
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Biogeochemical Processes | |
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Urban Biogeochemistry | |
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The Carbon Cycle | |
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The Sulfur Cycle | |
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The Phosphorus Cycle | |
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The Nitrogen Cycle | |
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Urban Patterns and Nutrient Cycling | |
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Atmospheric Processes | |
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Tropospheric Ozone | |
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Urban Air Quality and Climate Change | |
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Urban Heat Islands | |
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Urban Patterns and Air Quality | |
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Population and Community Dynamics | |
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Biodiversity, Ecosystem Function, and Resilience | |
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Urban Patch Dynamics | |
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Urban Ecosystem Processes and Biodiversity | |
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The Intermediate Hypothesis: A Case Study in Puget Sound | |
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Futures of Urban Ecosystems | |
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The Challenges: Complexity, Heterogeneity, and Surprise | |
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Complexity and Predictability | |
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Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity | |
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Threshold, Discontinuity, and Surprises | |
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Scenario Planning and Adaptive Management | |
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Hypothetical Scenarios of Urban Ecosystem Functions | |
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Urban Ecology: A Synthesis | |
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A Hybrid Ecology | |
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Toward a Theory of Urban Ecology | |
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Building Integrated Models | |
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A Research Agenda for Urban Ecology | |
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Implications for Urban Planning | |
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A Final Note | |
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Glossary | |
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References | |
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Index | |