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| Discovering Writing | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Reading to Improve Your Writing | |
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| Patterns of Writing | |
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| Example | |
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| Narration | |
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| Description | |
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| Process Explanation | |
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| Classification | |
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| Comparison and Contrast | |
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| Definition | |
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| Cause and Effect | |
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| Argument | |
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| Understanding the Writing Process | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Writing Paragraphs | |
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| A Step-by-Step Guide to the Writing Process | |
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| Understanding Paragraphs | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Step 1. Discover Ideas for Writing | |
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| Choosing a Topic | |
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| Considering Your Audience | |
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| Considering Your Purpose | |
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| Writing to Express: Cheryl Peck, from Fat Girls and Lawn Chairs | |
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| Writing to Inform: Neil Strauss, from "Necessary Springsteen Keeps theFaith" | |
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| Writing to Persuade: Jody Albert, from "Avoid Dryden Hall" | |
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| Gathering Ideas | |
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| Brainstorming | |
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| Freewriting | |
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| Clustering | |
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| Interviewing | |
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| Outlining | |
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| Narrowing Your Topic | |
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| Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft | |
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| Drafting a Topic Sentence | |
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| Adding Support | |
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| Drafting a Concluding Sentence | |
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| Krikor's Discovery Draft | |
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| Step 3. Revise Your Paragraph | |
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| Strengthening Focus | |
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| Building Support | |
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| Organizing Points | |
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| Topic-Illustration-Explanation Order: Rebecca Thomas Kirkendall, from "Who's a Hillbilly?" | |
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| Chronological or Sequential Order: Andre Dubus, from "Under the Lights" | |
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| Progressive Order: Martin Luther King, Jr., from "I Have a Dream" | |
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| Directional Order: Brent Staples, from Parallel Time: Growing up in Black and White | |
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| Question-and-Answer Order: Brian Caulfield, from "How to Turn Grease into Gold" | |
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| Krikor's Revised Draft | |
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| Step 4. Edit Your Paragraph | |
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| Krikor's Edited Draft | |
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| Keeping an Editing Log | |
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| Step 5. Share Your Paragraph | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Gives Examples | |
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| Understanding Examples | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Give Examples | |
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| A Memorable Place: Jonathan Gold, from "The World's Greatest Street Food" | |
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| A Memorable Day: Lara Flynn Boyle, from "My Favorite Dayin Chicago" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Step 1. Discover Ideas for Writing | |
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| Choosing a Topic | |
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| Considering Your Audience and Purpose | |
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| Brainstorming to Gather Ideas | |
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| Narrowing Your Topic | |
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| Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft | |
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| Drafting a Topic Sentence | |
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| Adding Support with Examples | |
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| Drafting a Concluding Sentence | |
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| Naresh's Discovery Draft | |
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| Step 3. Revise Your Paragraph | |
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| Strengthening Your Focus | |
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| Building Your Support with Stronger Examples | |
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| Using Topic-Illustration-Explanation to Organize Your Points | |
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| Naresh's Revised Draft | |
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| Step 4. Edit Your Paragraph | |
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| What Is a Sentence Fragment? | |
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| Correcting Sentence Fragments | |
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| Naresh's Edited Paragraph | |
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| Step 5. Share Your Paragraph | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Tells a Story | |
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| Understanding Narration | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Tell a Story | |
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| A Friend's Help: Helen Keller, from The Story of My Life | |
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| An Event Shared with a Friend: Steve Tesich, from "Focusing on Friends" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Describes | |
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| Understanding Description | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Describe | |
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| An Interesting Animal: Jane and Michael Stern, from "Dog Show" | |
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| An Interesting Place: Doris Haddock, from Granny D | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Explains a Process | |
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| Understanding Process Explanation | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Explain a Process | |
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| How to Do Something: Robert Rowley, "How to Service Your Swamp Cooler" | |
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| How Something Works: Richard Preston, from "The Demon in the Freezer" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Classifies | |
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| Understanding Classification | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Classify | |
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| Classifying Services: Ursula Wagener, from "It Takes a Community to Educate Students" | |
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| Classifying People: E.B. White,"The Three New Yorks" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Compares and Contrasts | |
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| Understanding Comparison and Contrast | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Compare and Contrast | |
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| College: Frank McCourt, from 'Tis | |
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| Career Advice: Leo Buscaglia, from Papa's Ritual | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Defines | |
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| Understanding Definition | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Define an Idea | |
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| Identity: Vickie Nam, from "Orientation: Finding the Way Home" | |
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| A Career Term: David K. Shipler, from The Working Poor: Invisible in America | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Shows Cause and Effect | |
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| Understanding Cause and Effect | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Show Cause and Effect | |
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| The Cause of a Destructive Behavior: Pete Hamill, from "Crack and the Box" | |
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| The Effect of a Destructive Behavior: Jane Brody, from "The Hangover" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing a Paragraph That Makes an Argument | |
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| Understanding Argumentation | |
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| Reading Paragraphs That Make an Argument | |
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| Against Computers: Sam Smith, from "The Luddites at Microsoft: Making Machines that Smash Themselves" | |
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| For Computers: David Patterson et al., from Computing Unbound | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Reading and Writing Essays | |
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| Moving from Paragraphs to Essays | |
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| Understanding Essays | |
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| College Success: Charles Smith, "Running Out of Money Before Graduation" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Step 1. Discover Ideas for Writing | |
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| Choosing a Topic | |
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| Considering Your Audience and Purpose | |
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| Gathering Ideas | |
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| Keeping a Journal | |
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| Narrowing Your Topic | |
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| Step 2. Write a Discovery Draft | |
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| Drafting a Thesis Statement | |
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| Drafting an Introduction | |
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| Adding Support | |
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| Drafting a Conclusion | |
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| Daniel's Discovery Draft | |
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| Step 3. Revise Your Essay | |
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| Strengthening Your Focus | |
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| Building Support | |
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| Organizing Your Points | |
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| Connecting Your Ideas | |
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| Daniel's Revised Draft | |
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| Step 4. Edit Your Essay | |
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| Daniel's Edited Essay | |
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| Daniel's Editing Log | |
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| Step 5. Share Your Essay | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Writing an Essay That Gives Examples | |
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| Understanding Examples | |
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| Reading Essays That Give Examples | |
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| Adapting to Change: Jan Zeh, "The 'Golden Years' Are Beginning to Tarnish" | |
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| Making a Change: B.C., "Homeless in Prescott, Arizona" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Step 1. Discover Ideas for Writing | |
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| Choosing a Topic | |
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| Considering Your Audience and Purpose | |
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| Freewriting to Gather Ideas | |
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| Narrowing Your Topic | |
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| Step 2. Write Your Discovery Draft | |
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| Drafting a Tentative Thesis Statement | |
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| Drafting an Introduction | |
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| Adding Support with Details | |
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| Drafting a Conclusion | |
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| Damariz's Discovery Draft | |
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| Step 3. Revise Your Essay | |
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| Strengthening Your Focus | |
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| Building Your Support with Process Explanation | |
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| Using TIE to Organize Your Points | |
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| Connecting Your Ideas | |
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| Damariz's Revised Draft | |
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| Step 4. Edit Your Essay | |
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| What Is Sentence Coordination? | |
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| Combining Sentences with Coordinating Conjunctions | |
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| Damariz's Edited Essay | |
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| Step 5. Share Your Essay | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Writing an Essay That Tells aStory | |
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| Understanding Narration | |
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| Reading Essays That Tell a Story | |
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| Explaining a Career Choice: Gavin de Becker, "Why I Fight Abuse" | |
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| A Life-Changing Job: Marshall Glickman, "Money and Freedom" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing an Essay That Compares and Contrasts | |
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| Understanding Comparison and Contrast | |
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| Reading Essays That Compare and Contrast | |
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| People in the Media: Patricia Raybon, "A Case of 'Severe Bias'" | |
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| Things in the Media: Sarah Stage, "Better Living Through Electricity" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Writing an Essay That Makes an Argument | |
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| Understanding Argumentation | |
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| Reading Essays That Make an Argument | |
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| Arguing a Position: Wilbert Rideau, "Why Prisons Don't Work" | |
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| Proposing a Solution: Steven Muller, "Our Youth Should Serve" | |
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| Writing Assignment | |
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| Other Kinds Of Writing | |
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| Keeping a Journal | |
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| Understanding What a Journal Is | |
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| Using Journals to Improve Writing | |
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| Keeping Different Types of Journals | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Taking Essay Exams | |
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| Understanding What an Essay Exam Is | |
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| Preparing for an Essay Exam | |
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| Taking an Essay Exam | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Writing a Summary | |
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| Understanding What a Summary Paragraph Is | |
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| Using Summary Paragraphs | |
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| Writing Summary Paragraphs | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Using Sources in Your Writing | |
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| Understanding What Sources Are | |
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| Knowing When to Use Sources in Your Writing | |
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| Focusing Your Search for Sources | |
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| Using Keywords | |
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| Finding Sources in the Library | |
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| Finding Sources on the World Wide Web | |
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| Evaluating Sources | |
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| Avoiding Plagiarism | |
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| Taking Notes | |
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| Using Sources to Support Your Main Ideas | |
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| Documenting Sources | |
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| Sample Essay That Uses Sources: Shannon Stein (student), "Five More Minutes?" | |
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| Additional Writing Assignments | |
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| Improving Grammar and Style | |
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| Formatting Paragraphs and Essays | |
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| Definition of a Paragraph | |
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| Definition of an Essay | |
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| Writing Sentences | |
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| Subjects | |
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| Verbs | |
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| Subject-Verb Agreement | |
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| Expanding Sentences | |
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| Phrases | |
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| Clauses | |
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| Pronouns | |
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| Adjectives | |
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| Adverbs | |
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| Joining Sentences | |
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| Coordination | |
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| Subordination | |
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| Sentence Combining Exercises | |
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| Improving Sentences | |
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| Sentence Fragments | |
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| Run-on Sentences | |
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| Comma Splices | |
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| Misplaced Modifiers | |
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| Dangling Modifiers | |
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| Active and Passive Voice | |
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| Parallelism | |
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| Improving Word Choice | |
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| Vocabulary | |
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| Unnecessary Repetition | |
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| Wordiness | |
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| Improving Spelling | |
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| Spelling Rules | |
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| Commonly Misspelled Words | |
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| Commonly Confused Words | |
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| Using a Dictionary | |
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| Improving Punctuation | |
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| Commas | |
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| Semicolons | |
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| Colons | |
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| End Punctuation | |
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| Apostrophes | |
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| Quotation Marks | |
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| Improving Mechanics | |
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| Capital Letters | |
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| Italics | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Numbers | |
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| Guide for Multilingual Writers | |
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| Articles | |
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| Count and Noncount Nouns | |
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| Prepositions | |
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| Omitted or Repeated Subjects | |
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| Word Order | |
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| Verbs | |