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| Picture credits | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Overview | |
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| What is photography? | |
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| Facets of photography | |
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| How photography works | |
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| Picture structuring | |
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| The roles photographs play | |
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| Changing attitudes towards photography | |
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| Personal styles and approaches | |
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| Measuring success | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Underlying principles | |
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| Light: how images form | |
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| Light itself | |
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| Wavelengths and colours | |
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| Shadows | |
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| When light reaches a surface | |
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| Light intensity and distance | |
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| Making light form images | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Technical practice | |
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| Lenses: controlling the image | |
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| Photographic lenses | |
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| Aperture and f-numbers | |
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| Depth of field | |
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| How depth of field works | |
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| Depth of focus | |
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| Lens care | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Hardware | |
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| Cameras using film | |
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| The essential components | |
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| Camera types--which is best? | |
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| How view cameras work | |
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| How direct viewfinder cameras work | |
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| How reflex cameras work | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Choosing extras | |
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| Using different focal length lenses, camera kits | |
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| Why change focal length? | |
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| Lens kits | |
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| Close-up equipment | |
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| Essentials, and extras | |
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| Horses for courses | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| New technology | |
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| Digital cameras | |
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| Overview--how images are captured | |
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| Film versus digital imaging routes | |
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| CCD limits to your final print size | |
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| Storing exposed shots on memory cards, disks | |
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| Point-and-shoot 'low-end' cameras | |
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| 'High-end' cameras, digital backs | |
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| Will digital cameras take over? | |
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| Summary | |
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| Theory into practice | |
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| Lighting: principles and equipment | |
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| Basic characteristics of lighting | |
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| Lighting equipment | |
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| Practical lighting problems | |
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| Special subjects | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Visual skills | |
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| Organizing the picture | |
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| Noticing subject features | |
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| Structuring pictures through the camera | |
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| Commercial requirements | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Materials | |
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| Films, filters | |
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| Silver halide emulsions | |
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| Features common to all films | |
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| Choosing films for black and white | |
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| Films for colour photography | |
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| Storing film--before and after exposure | |
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| So which film is 'best'? | |
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| Filters--how they work | |
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| Filter kits | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Practical skills | |
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| Exposure measurement | |
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| Factors that determine what exposure to give | |
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| Exposing different film types | |
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| Measuring exposure (continuous light) | |
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| Practical exposure tips | |
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| Measuring exposure for flash | |
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| Practical flash exposure tips | |
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| Summary | |
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| Equipment and procedure | |
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| Film processing | |
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| Equipment and general preparations | |
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| Processing black and white (silver image) negatives | |
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| Processing chromogenic (colour and black and white) negatives | |
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| Processing colour slides and transparencies | |
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| Processing other film materials | |
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| Processing by machine | |
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| Permanence of processed results | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| The darkroom | |
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| Black and white printing: facilities and equipment | |
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| Darkroom organization | |
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| Equipment: the enlarger | |
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| Equipment: accessories | |
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| Printing papers | |
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| Safelighting and printing paper sensitivity | |
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| Processing procedure | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Darkroom skills | |
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| Black and white printing: techniques | |
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| Making contact prints | |
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| 'Straight' enlarging | |
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| Controls during enlarging | |
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| Variations | |
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| Unusual printing materials | |
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| Common print faults | |
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| Chemical afterwork | |
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| Toning | |
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| Tinting | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Computer skills | |
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| Digital image manipulation | |
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| Overview | |
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| The hardware | |
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| Software programs | |
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| Learning the ropes | |
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| Working on pictures | |
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| Digital ethics | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Practical | |
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| Finishing and presenting work | |
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| The permanence of prints | |
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| Mounting methods | |
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| Spotting | |
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| Getting your work noticed | |
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| Summary | |
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| Projects | |
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| Appendices | |
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| Optical calculations | |
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| Camera movements | |
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| Expressing film response | |
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| Chemical formulae | |
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| Health and safety concerns | |
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| Digital notebook | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |