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| Explanatory Note | |
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| The Maturation of Chinese Civilization and New Challenges to Chinese Tradition | |
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| The Chinese Tradition in Retrospect | |
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| Huang Zongxi's Critique of the Chinese Dynastic System | |
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| Waiting for the Dawn: A Plan for the Prince | |
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| Lu Liuliang's Radical Orthodoxy | |
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| Commentaries on the Four Books | |
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| Late Confucian Scholarship: Wang Fuzhi | |
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| Cosmological Foundations | |
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| Wang's "Revision" of Orthodox Neo-Confucianism | |
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| Historical Trends | |
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| The Justification of Social and Cultural Divisions | |
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| The Preservation of Chinese Political and Cultural Integrity | |
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| Gu Yanwu, Beacon of Qing Scholarship | |
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| True Learning: Broad Knowledge and a Sense of Shame | |
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| Preface to Record of the Search for Antiquities | |
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| On the Concentration of Authority at Court | |
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| On Bureaucratic Local Administration, ca. 1660 | |
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| The Han Learning and Text Criticism | |
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| Dai Zhen and Zhang Xuecheng | |
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| Dai Zhen's Text-Critical Moral Philosophy | |
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| Letter to Shi Zhongming Concerning Scholarship | |
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| Letter in Reply to Advanced Scholar Peng Yunchu | |
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| Zhang Xuecheng's Philosophy of History | |
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| "Virtue in the Historian" | |
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| "Virtue in the Writer" | |
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| Women's Learning | |
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| Cui Shu and the Critical Spirit | |
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| Foreword to the Essentials of the Record of Beliefs Investigated | |
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| Han Learning and Western Learning | |
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| The Qing Version of Neo-Confucian Orthodoxy | |
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| Village Lectures and the Sacred Edict | |
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| The Sacred Edict | |
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| Popular Values and Beliefs | |
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| Ensemble Performance | |
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| Ritual | |
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| A Procession on the Birthday of the Sanzong God | |
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| The Great Sai Ritual of Zhangzi County, Shanxi | |
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| The Refining Fire Ritual of Shenze Village, Zhejiang | |
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| The Attack on Hell, a Popular Funeral Ritual | |
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| Opera | |
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| Mulian Rescues His Mother | |
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| Guo Ju Buries His Son | |
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| Solo Performance | |
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| Verse | |
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| "Woman Huang Explicates the Diamond Sutra" | |
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| "Song of Guo Mountain" | |
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| Prose | |
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| Sacred Edict Lecturing | |
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| Chantefable | |
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| The Precious Scroll [Baojuan] on the Lord of the Stove | |
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| Written Texts | |
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| Scriptures | |
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| The True Scripture of the Great Emperor | |
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| Tracts | |
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| Selections from The Twenty-four Exemplars of Filial Piety | |
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| Chinese Responses to Early Christian Contacts | |
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| Li Zhizao: Preface to The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven | |
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| Xu Guangqi: A Memorial in Defense of the [Western] Teaching | |
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| Yang Guangxian's Critique of Christianity | |
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| Yang Guangxian: I Cannot Do Otherwise (Budeyi) | |
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| Zhang Xingyao and the Inculturation of Christianity | |
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| An Examination of the Similarities and Differences Between the Lord of Heaven Teaching [Christianity] and the Teaching of the Confucian Scholars | |
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| Chinese Statecraft and the Opening of China to the West | |
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| Chen Hongmou and Mid-Qing Statecraft | |
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| On Substantive Learning | |
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| On Universal Education | |
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| On Women's Education | |
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| On the Duties of an Official | |
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| On Governance by Local Elites | |
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| Statecraft in the Grain Trade and Government-Controlled Brokerages | |
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| A Memorial on Grain Prices, the Grain Trade, and Government-Controlled Brokerages | |
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| Hong Liangji: On Imperial Malfeasance and China's Population Problem | |
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| Letter to Prince Cheng Earnestly Discussing the Political Affairs of the Time, 1799 | |
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| China's Population Problem | |
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| The Deterioration of Local Government | |
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| The Roots of Rebellion | |
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| Gong Zizhen's Reformist Vision | |
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| On the Lack of Moral Fiber Among Scholar-Officials | |
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| Institutional Paralysis and the Need for Reform | |
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| The Scholar-Teacher and Service to a Dynasty | |
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| Respect for the Guest | |
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| Wei Yuan and Confucian Practicality | |
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| The Learning of Statecraft | |
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| Wei Yuan: Preface to Anthology of Qing Statecraft Writings (Huangchao jingshi wenbian) | |
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| Criteria for Anthology of Qing Statecraft Writings | |
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| Learning and the Role of Scholar-Officials | |
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| On Governance | |
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| The Pursuit of Profit | |
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| On Institutional Progress in History | |
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| On Merchants and Reform | |
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| On Taxation and the Merchants | |
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| On Reform of the Tribute-Rice Transport System, 1825 | |
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| On Reform of the Salt Monopoly | |
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| The Western Intusion Into China | |
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| The Lesson of Lin Zexu | |
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| Letter to the English Ruler | |
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| Letter to Wu Zixu on the Need for Western Guns and Ships | |
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| Wei Yuan and the West | |
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| Preface to Military History of the Qing Dynasty (Shengwu jixu), 1842 | |
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| Preface to Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Countries (Haiguo tuzhi) | |
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| The Heavenly Kingdom of the Taipings | |
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| The Book of Heavenly Commandments (Tiantiao shu) | |
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| A Primer in Verse (Youxue shi) | |
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| The Taiping Economic Program | |
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| The Principles of the Heavenly Nature (Tianqing daolishu) | |
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| Reform and Revolution | |
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| Moderate Reform and the Self-Strengthening Movement | |
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| Feng Guifen: On the Manufacture of Foreign Weapons | |
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| On the Adoption of Western Learning | |
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| Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang: On Sending Young Men Abroad to Study | |
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| Xue Fucheng: On Reform | |
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| Zhang Zhidong: Exhortation to Learn | |
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| Radical Reform at the End of the Qing | |
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| Wang Tao on Reform | |
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| Yan Fu on Evolution and Progress | |
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| "On Strength" | |
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| Kang Youwei and the Reform Movement | |
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| Confucius As a Reformer | |
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| The Three Ages | |
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| The Need for Reforming Institutions | |
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| The Grand Commonality | |
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| Conservative Reactions | |
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| Chu Chengbo: Reforming Men's Minds Comes Before Reforming Institutions | |
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| Zhu Yixin: Fourth Letter in Reply to Kang Youwei | |
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| Ye Dehui: The Superiority of China and Confucianism | |
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| Tan Sitong | |
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| The Study of Humanity | |
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| Reform Edict of January 29, 1901 | |
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| Liang Qichao | |
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| Renewing the People | |
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| "The Consciousness of Rights" | |
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| "The Concept of the Nation" | |
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| Liang Qichao and the New Press | |
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| Inaugural Statement for the Eastern Times (Shiabo) | |
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| Advocates of Script Reform | |
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| Song Shu: Illiteracy in China | |
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| Lu Zhuangzhang's Attempt at Romanization | |
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| Shen Xue's Universal Script | |
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| Wang Zhao's "Mandarin Letters" | |
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| Zhang Binglin's Revolutionary Nationalism | |
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| Letter Opposing Kang Youwei's Views on Revolution | |
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| The Nationalist Revolution | |
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| Sun Yat-sen and the Nationalist Revolution | |
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| Hu Hanmin | |
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| "The Six Principles of the People's Report" | |
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| Sun Yat-sen | |
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| The Three People's Principles | |
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| The Principle of Democracy | |
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| The People's Livelihood | |
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| The Three Stages of Revolution | |
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| Democracy and Absolutism: The Debate Over Political Tutelage | |
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| Luo Longji: What Kind of Political System Do We Want? | |
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| Jiang Tingfu: "Revolution and Absolutism" | |
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| Hu Shi: "National Reconstruction and Absolutism" | |
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| Chiang Kai-shek: Nationalism and Traditionalism | |
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| Chiang Kai-shek: Essentials of the New Life Movement | |
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| China's Destiny | |
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| Jiang Jingguo (Chiang Ching-kuo): The Republic of China in Taiwan | |
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| The Evolution of Constitutional Democracy in Taiwan | |
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| Implementing "The Three People's Principles" | |
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| The New Culture Movement | |
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| The Attack on Confucianism | |
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| Chen Duxiu: "The Way of Confucius and Modern Life" | |
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| The Literary Revolution | |
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| Hu Shi: "A Preliminary Discussion of Literary Reform" | |
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| Chen Duxiu: "On Literary Revolution" | |
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| Hu Shi: "Constructive Literary Revolution--A Literature of National Speech" | |
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| The Doubting of Antiquity | |
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| Gu Jiegang: Preface to Debates on Ancient History (1926) | |
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| A New Philosophy of Life | |
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| Chen Duxiu: The True Meaning of Life | |
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| Hu Shi: "Pragmatism" | |
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| The Debate on Science and the Philosophy of Life | |
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| Zhang Junmai: "The Philosophy of Life" | |
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| Ding Wenjiang: "Metaphysics and Science" | |
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| Wu Zhihui: "A New Concept of the Universe and Life Based on a New Belief" | |
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| Hu Shi: Science and Philosophy of Life | |
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| The Controversy Over Chinese and Western Cultures | |
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| Liang Qichao: "Travel Impressions from Europe" | |
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| Liang Shuming: Chinese Civilization vis-a-vis Eastern and Western Philosophies | |
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| Reconstructing the Community | |
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| Hu Shi: OUr Attitude Toward Modern Western Civilization | |
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| Sa Mengwu, He Bingsong, and Others: "Declaration for Cultural Construction on a Chinese Basis" | |
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| Hu Shi: Criticism of the "Declaration for Cultural Construction on a Chinese Basis" | |
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| Radical Critiques of Traditional Society | |
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| |
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| He Zhen: "What Women Should Know About Communism" | |
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| Women's Revenge | |
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| Han Yi: "Destroying the Family" | |
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| The Communist Revolution | |
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| The Seedbed of the Communist Revolution: The Peasantry and the Anarcho-Communist Movement | |
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| Liu Shipei: "Anarchist Revolution and Peasant Revolution" | |
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| Li Dazhao: The Victory of Bolshevism | |
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| Mao's Revolutionary Doctrine | |
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| |
| "Report on an Investigation of the Hunan Peasant Movement" | |
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| "The Question of Land Redistribution" | |
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| The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party | |
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| The Mass Line | |
| |
| |
| On New Democracy | |
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| |
| The Dictatorship of the People's Democracy | |
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| |
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| Chinese Communist Praxis | |
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| Liu Shaoqi: How to Be a Good Communist | |
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| Mao Zedong: The Rectification Campaign | |
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| |
| Report of the Propaganda Bureau of the Central Committee on the Zhengfeng Reform Movement, April 1942 | |
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| Wang Shiwei: "Wild Lily" | |
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| Liu Shaoqi: "On Inner-Party Struggle" | |
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| Mao Zedong: "Combat Liberalism" | |
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| Mao Zedong: "On Art and Literature" | |
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| Wang Shiwei: "Political Leaders, Artists" | |
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| Ding Ling: "Thoughts on March 8, 1942" | |
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| The Mao Regime | |
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| Establishment of the People's Republic | |
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| Mao Zedong: "Leaning to One Side" | |
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| Mao Zedong: "Stalin Is Our Commander" | |
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| Guo Moruo: Ode to Stalin--"Long Live Stalin" on His Seventieth Birthday, 1949 | |
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| Ji Yun: "How China Proceeds with the Task of Industrialization" (1953) | |
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| Li Fuqun: "Report on the First Five-Year Plan for Development of the National Economy of the People's Republic of China in 1953-1957, July 5 and 6, 1955" | |
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| Changes in Mid-Course | |
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| Mao Zedong: "The Question of Agricultural Cooperation," July 31, 1955 | |
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| Mao Zedong: "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" | |
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| Liu Binyan: "A Higher Kind of Loyalty" | |
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| Intellectual Opinions from the Hundred Flowers Period | |
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| Mao Zedong: Remarks at the Beidaihe Conference, August 1958 | |
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| Peng Dehuai: "Letter of Opinion" to Mao Zedong on the Great Leap Forward, July 1959 | |
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| Wu Han: "Hai Rui Scolds the Emperor," June 19, 1959 | |
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| The Cultural Revolution | |
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| The Sixteen Points: Guidelines for the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution | |
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| Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong | |
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| "What Have Song Shuo, Lu Ping, and Peng Peiyun Done in the Cultural Revolution?" | |
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| Red Guard Memoirs | |
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| Wang Xizhe, Li Zhengtian, Chen Yiyang, Guo Hongzhi: "The Li Yi Zhe Poster," November 1974 | |
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| The Return to Stability and Tradition | |
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| Deng's "Modernization" and Its Critics | |
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| The Turn to Stability and Modernization | |
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| Zhou Enlai: "Report on the Work of the Government," delivered on January 13, 1975, at the First Session of the Fourth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China | |
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| Communique of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, December 22, 1978 | |
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| Yu Qiuli: "The Relationship Between Politics and Economics" | |
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| "Uphold the Four Basic Principles," Speech by Deng Xiaoping, March 30, 1979 | |
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| "Building Socialist Spiritual Civilization," Letter from Li Chang, Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to a Member of the Party Central Committee, December 1980 | |
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| Office of the CCP Dehong Dai Nationality and Qingbo Autonomous Zhou Committee: "Several Questions in Strengthening and Perfecting the Job Responsibility Systems of Agricultural Production," November 7, 1980 | |
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| Early Critiques of the Deng Regime | |
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| Publication Statement, Beijing Spring Magazine, January 1979 | |
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| Wei Jingsheng: The Fifth Modernization--Democracy, 1978 | |
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| Democracy or New Dictatorship, Exploration, March 1979 | |
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| Wall Poster from the April Fifth Forum | |
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| |
| Hu Ping: "On Freedom of Speech," Written for His Successful 1980 Campaign to Become Beijing University's Delegate to the Haidian District People's Assembly | |
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| |
| Wang Ruoshui: "Discussing the Question of Alienation" | |
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| Wang Ruoshui: "In Defense of Humanism" | |
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| Assessing the New Policies | |
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| |
| Deng Xiaoping: "Build Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" | |
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| Chen Yun: Speech Given at the Chinese Communist National Representative Conference, September 23, 1985 | |
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| |
| New Demands for Change and Democracy | |
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| Fang Lizhi: Democracy, Reform, and Modernization | |
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| |
| Fang Lizhi: "Reform and Intellectuals," Talk Given in 1986 | |
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| |
| Fang Lizhi: "The Social Responsibility of Today's Intellectuals," Speech Given at Beijing University, November 4, 1985 | |
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| |
| Li Xiaojiang: "Awakening of Women's Consciousness" | |
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| |
| The New Authoritarianism | |
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| |
| Wu Jiaxiang: "An Outline for Studying the New Authoritarianism," May 1989 | |
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| |
| Rong Jian: "Does China Need an Authoritarian Political System in the Course of Modernization?," May 1989 | |
| |
| |
| Yan Jiaqi: "How China Can Become Prosperous" | |
| |
| |
| |
| Twentieth-Century Christianity in China | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ma Xiangbo | |
| |
| |
| Religion and the State | |
| |
| |
| |
| Religion and Culture | |
| |
| |
| |
| Zhao Zichen | |
| |
| |
| "Present-Day Religious Thought and Life in China" | |
| |
| |
| Leadership and Citizenship Training | |
| |
| |
| Wu Yaozong | |
| |
| |
| "The Present-Day Tragedy of Christianity" | |
| |
| |
| "The Reformation of Christianity" | |
| |
| |
| The Christian Manifesto | |
| |
| |
| Wang Mingdao | |
| |
| |
| "We, Because of Faith" | |
| |
| |
| Wu Jingxiong: Christianity and Chinese Tradition | |
| |
| |
| "Beyond East and West" | |
| |
| |
| "The Lotus and the Mud" | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reopening the Debate on Chinese Tradition | |
| |
| |
| The New Confucians | |
| |
| |
| Xiong Shili | |
| |
| |
| |
| Manifesto for a Reappraisal of Sinology and the Reconstruction of Chinese Culture | |
| |
| |
| Mou Zongsan's Confucian Philosophy | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Sensitivity and Steadfastness of Humaneness (ren) | |
| |
| |
| Feng Youlan: "China--An Ancient Nation with a New Mission" | |
| |
| |
| The Continuing Critique of Tradition | |
| |
| |
| Bo Yang: "The Ugly Chinaman" | |
| |
| |
| Sun Longji: "The Deep Structure of Chinese Culture" | |
| |
| |
| Su Xiaokang and Wang Luxiang: "River Elegy," a Television Documentary | |
| |
| |
| Li Zehou: "A Reevaluation of Confucianism" | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gu Mu: Confucianism as the Essence of Chinese Tradition | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Index | |