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Public Speaking in a Democratic Society | |
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Public Speaking and Democratic Citizenship | |
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Public Speaking and Civic Engagement | |
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The Rhetorical Tradition | |
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Communication Challenges of the Twenty-first Century | |
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The Responsible Citizen-Speaker | |
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The Ethical Public Speaker | |
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The Engaged Citizen | |
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Getting Involved in Politics | |
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The Ethics of Public Speaking | |
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Deliberation and Demagoguery in the Media Age | |
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Preparing to Speak with Commitment and Confidence | |
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Public Speaking as Civic Engagement | |
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Preparing Yourself to Speak | |
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Speaking with Confidence | |
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The Listener as Engaged Citizen | |
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The Importance of Effective Listening | |
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Understanding Barriers to Good Listening | |
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Guidelines for Improving Listening | |
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Diverse Audiences in a Democratic Society | |
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Understanding Diverse Audiences | |
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Identifying Individual Listener Needs and Values | |
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Identifying Communal Needs and Values | |
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Gathering Information for Audience Adaptation | |
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Ongoing Strategies for Audience Adaptation | |
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Developing Your Speech | |
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Developing Significant Topics | |
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Finding a Suitable Topic | |
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Narrowing the Topic | |
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Ethical Obligations in Selecting a Topic | |
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General Purposes | |
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Crafting a Specific Purpose | |
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Testing Specific Purposes | |
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Constructing a Thesis Statement | |
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Responsible and Productive Research | |
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A Productive Start | |
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The Creative Enterprise of Building a Speech | |
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Investigating Like a Professional: Utilizing Library Resources | |
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Searching the World Wide Web | |
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Gathering Information through Interviews | |
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Gathering Information through E-mail | |
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Citing Sources of Quoted and Paraphrased Material | |
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Supporting Your Ideas with Evidence | |
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Supporting Ideas with Evidence | |
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Testing Evidence | |
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Organizing Your Speech | |
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The Importance of Good Organization | |
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Determining When an Idea Is a Good One | |
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How Patterns of Organization Connect Ideas | |
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Guidelines for Organizing Your Speech | |
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Using Transitions as Connectives | |
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Introducing Your Speech | |
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Concluding Your Speech | |
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Outlining Your Speech | |
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Types of Outlines | |
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Basic Principles of Outlining | |
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Presenting Your Speech | |
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Using Language Effectively | |
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Language and Meaning | |
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Using Language That Is Clear and Accurate | |
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Using Language That Is Interesting | |
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Using Language that Is Appropriate to the Situation | |
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Responding Critically to a Speaker's Style | |
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Delivering Your Speech Effectively | |
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Sounding Good versus Being Sound | |
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Principles of Good Delivery | |
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Speaking Extemporaneously | |
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Alternative Styles of Delivery | |
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Responding to Audience Questions | |
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Supporting Your Ideas Visually | |
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Functions of Presentational Aids | |
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Encouraging Emotional Involvement | |
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Options for Presentational Aids | |
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Guidelines for Preparing Presentational Aids | |
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Guidelines for Using Presentational Aids | |
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Types of Public Speaking | |
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Speaking to Inform | |
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Functions of Informative Speeches | |
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Types of Informative Speeches | |
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Organizing the Informative Speech | |
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How Audiences Learn from Informative Speeches | |
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Persuasive Speaking in a Democratic Society | |
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The Anatomy of Public Controversy | |
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Questions of Fact, Value, and Policy | |
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Ethical Proof in Persuasive Speaking | |
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Appealing to Audience Emotions | |
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Arguing Persuasively | |
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Persuasion and Demagoguery in a Free Society | |
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Constructing a Reasonable Argument | |
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The Forms of Reasoning | |
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Fallacies of Reasoning and Evidence | |
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Speaking on Special Occasions | |
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Ceremonial Speaking in a Free Society | |
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Social Values in Ceremonial Speaking | |
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The Forms of Ceremonial Speech | |
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Style and Delivery in Ceremonial Speaking | |
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Speaking and Deliberating in Groups | |
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Understanding Public Deliberation | |
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Group Structures That Encourage Dialogue and Deliberation | |
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Factors That Influence Effective Group Deliberation | |
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Group Presentations | |
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Guidelines for Deliberating in Groups | |