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Introduction | |
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Introduction to statistical methodology | |
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Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics | |
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The role of computers in statistics | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Sampling and Measurement | |
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Variables and their measurement | |
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Randomization | |
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Sampling variability and potential bias | |
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other probability sampling methods | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Descriptive statistics | |
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Describing data with tables and graphs | |
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Describing the center of the data | |
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Describing variability of the data | |
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Measure of position | |
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Bivariate descriptive statistics | |
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Sample statistics and population parameters | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Probability Distributions | |
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Introduction to probability | |
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Probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables | |
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The normal probability distribution | |
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Sampling distributions describe how statistics vary | |
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Sampling distributions of sample means | |
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Review: Probability, sample data, and sampling distributions | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Statistical inference: estimation | |
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Point and interval estimation | |
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Confidence interval for a proportion | |
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Confidence interval for a mean | |
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Choice of sample size | |
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Confidence intervals for median and other parameters | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Statistical Inference: Significance Tests | |
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Steps of a significance test | |
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Significance test for a eman | |
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Significance test for a proportion | |
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Decisions and types of errors in tests | |
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Limitations of significance tests | |
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Calculating P (Type II error) | |
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Small-sample test for a proportion: the binomial distribution | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Comparison of Two Groups | |
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Preliminaries for comparing groups | |
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Categorical data: comparing two proportions | |
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Quantitative data: comparing two means | |
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Comparing means with dependent samples | |
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Other methods for comparing means | |
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Other methods for comparing proportions | |
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Nonparametric statistics for comparing groups | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Analyzing Association between Categorical Variables | |
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Contingency Tables | |
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Chi-squared test of independence | |
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Residuals: Detecting the pattern of association | |
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Measuring association in contingency tables | |
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Association between ordinal variables | |
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Inference for ordinal associations | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Linear Regression and Correlation | |
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Linear relationships | |
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Least squares prediction equation | |
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The linear regression model | |
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Measuring linear association - the correlation | |
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Inference for the slope and correlation | |
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Model assumptions and violations | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Introduction to multivariate Relationships | |
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Association and causality | |
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Controlling for other variables | |
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Types of multivariate relationships | |
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Inferenential issues in statistical control | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Multiple Regression and Correlation | |
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Multiple regression model | |
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Example with multiple regression computer output | |
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Multiple correlation and R-squared | |
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Inference for multiple regression and coefficients | |
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Interaction between predictors in their effects | |
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Comparing regression models | |
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Partial correlation | |
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Standardized regression coefficients | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Comparing groups: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) methods | |
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Comparing several means: One way analysis of variance | |
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Multiple comparisons of means | |
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Performing ANOVA by regression modeling | |
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Two-way analysis of variance | |
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Two way ANOVA and regression | |
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Repeated measures analysis of variance | |
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Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor | |
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Effects of violations of ANOVA assumptions | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Combining regression and ANOVA: Quantitative and Categorical Predictors | |
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Comparing means and comparing regression lines | |
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Regression with quantitative and categorical predictors | |
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Permitting interaction between quantitative and categorical predictors | |
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Inference for regression with quantitative and categorical predictors | |
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Adjusted means | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Model Building with Multiple Regression | |
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Model selection procedures | |
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Regression diagnostics | |
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Effects of multicollinearity | |
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Generalized linear models | |
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Nonlinearity: polynomial regression | |
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Exponential regression and log transforms | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Logistic Regression: Modeling Categorical Responses | |
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Logistic regression | |
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Multiple logistic regression | |
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Inference for logistic regression models | |
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Logistic regression models for ordinal variables | |
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Logistic models for nominal responses | |
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Loglinear models for categorical variables | |
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Model goodness of fit tests for contingency tables | |
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Chapter summary | |
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Introduction to Advanced Topics | |
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Longitudinal data analysis | |
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Multilevel (hierarchical) models | |
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Event history analysis | |
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Path analysis | |
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Factor analysis | |
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Structural equation models | |
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Markov chains | |
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Appendix: SAS and SPSS for Statistical Analyses | |
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Tables | |
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Answers to selected odd-numbered problems | |
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Index | |