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| The Building Blocks Of Reasoning | |
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| What Is Logical Thinking? And Why Should We Care? | |
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| Thinking Logically and Speaking One's Mind | |
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| The Virtues of Belief | |
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| Reason And Argument | |
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| Tips for Argument Analysis | |
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| Evaluating Deductive Arguments | |
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| Analyzing Inductive Arguments | |
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| Informal Fallacies | |
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| Some Ways an Argument Can Fail | |
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| Avoiding Ungrounded Assumptions | |
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| From Unclear Language to Unclear Reasoning | |
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| Avoiding Irrelevant Premises | |
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| More On Deductive Reasoning | |
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| Compound Propositions | |
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| Checking the Validity of Propositional Arguments | |
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| Categorical Propositions and Immediate Inferences | |
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| Categorical Syllogisms | |
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| Appendix: Summary of Informal Fallacies | |
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| Answers to Selected Exercises | |
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| Glossary/Index | |
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| The Building Blocks Of Reasoning | |
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| What Is Logical Thinking? And Why Should We Care? | |
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| The Study of Reasoning | |
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| Logic and Reasoning | |
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| What Arguments Are | |
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| Reconstructing Arguments | |
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| Arguments and Non-arguments | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Thinking Logically and Speaking One's Mind | |
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| Rational Acceptability | |
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| Beyond Rational Acceptability | |
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| From Mind to Language | |
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| Indirect Use and Figurative Language | |
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| Definition: An Antidote to Unclear Language | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| The Virtues of Belief | |
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| Belief, Disbelief, and Non-Belief | |
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| Beliefs' Virtues and Vices | |
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| Accuracy and Truth | |
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| Reasonableness | |
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| Consistency | |
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| Conservatism and Revisability | |
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| Rationality vs . Irrationality | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Reason And Argument | |
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| Tips for Argument Analysis | |
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| A Principled Way of Reconstructing Arguments | |
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| Missing Premises | |
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| Extended Arguments | |
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| Types of Reason | |
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| Norms and Argument | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Evaluating Deductive Arguments | |
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| Validity | |
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| Soundness | |
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| Cogency | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Analyzing Inductive Arguments | |
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| Reconstructing Inductive Arguments | |
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| Some Types of Inductive Argument | |
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| Evaluating Inductive Arguments | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| INFORMAL FALLACIES | |
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| Some Ways an Argument Can Fail | |
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| What Is a Fallacy? | |
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| Classification of Informal Fallacies | |
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| When Inductive Arguments Go Wrong | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Avoiding Ungrounded Assumptions | |
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| Fallacies of Presumption | |
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| Begging the Question | |
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| Begging-the-Question-Against | |
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| Complex Question | |
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| False Alternatives | |
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| Accident | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| From Unclear Language to Unclear Reasoning | |
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| Unclear Language and Argument Failure | |
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| Semantic Unclarity | |
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| Vagueness | |
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| Ambiguity | |
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| Confused Predication | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Avoiding Irrelevant Premises | |
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| Fallacies of Relevance | |
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| Appeal to Pity | |
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| Appeal to Force | |
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| Appeal to Emotion | |
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| Ad Hominem | |
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| Beside the Point | |
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| Straw Man | |
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| Is the Appeal to Emotion Always Fallacious? | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| More On Deductive Reasoning | |
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| Compound Propositions | |
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| Argument as a Relation Between Propositions | |
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| Simple and Compound Propositions | |
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| Symbolizing Compound Propositions | |
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| Defining Connectives with Truth Tables | |
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| Truth Tables for Compound Propositions | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Checking the Validity of Propositional Arguments | |
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| Checking Validity with Truth Tables | |
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| Formal Fallacies | |
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| A Simplified Approach to Proofs of Validity | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Categorical Propositions and Immediate Inferences | |
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| What Is a Categorical Proposition? | |
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| Venn Diagrams for Categorical Propositions | |
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| The Square of Opposition | |
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| Other Immediate Inferences | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Categorical Syllogisms | |
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| What Is a Categorical Syllogism? | |
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| Syllogistic Argument Forms | |
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| Testing for Validity with Venn Diagrams | |
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| Distribution of Terms | |
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| Rules of Validity and Syllogistic Fallacies | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Key Words | |
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| Appendix: Summary of Informal Fallacies | |
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| Answers to Selected Exercises | |
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| Glossary/Index | |