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Definitions, History and Measurement | |
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What Is a Juvenile Delinquent? | |
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The Social Construction of Childhood | |
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Defining the Terms | |
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Transition or Rebellion | |
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"Parens Patriae" and the Law | |
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Adolescents and Juvenile Delinquency | |
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Measuring Delinquency | |
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Defining Crime and Delinquency | |
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The Dark Figure of Crime | |
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Measurement Tools | |
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The Uniform Crime Reports | |
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Juvenile Delinquency and the UCR | |
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The National Incident-Based Reporting System | |
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The National Crime Victimization Survey | |
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Self-Report Studies | |
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Measures of Youths as Victims and Offenders | |
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Youths as Victims | |
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Sexual Victimization | |
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Effects of Youth Victimization | |
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A Typology of Juvenile Delinquents | |
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Status Offenders | |
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Property Offenders | |
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Drug Users and Abusers | |
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Gang Members | |
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Chronic and Violent Juvenile Delinquents | |
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The System of Last Resort | |
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Growing Up Too Soon | |
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Are We Waging a War on Children? | |
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The Development of Social Control | |
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Development of the Concept of Childhood | |
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Acquiring Adulthood | |
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Leaving Home at an Early Age | |
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The Child Reform Movement | |
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The Child Savers | |
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The Juvenile Court | |
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History of the Juvenile Court | |
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Boys, Girls, and Bias: The Double Standard | |
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For Their Own Good | |
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The Modern System | |
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Status Offenses | |
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Language and Terminology | |
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Process | |
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The Changing Nature of Childhood | |
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Modern Childhood | |
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Trends in Thinking about Delinquency and Juvenile Justice | |
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Theories of Deliquency | |
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Theoretical Foundations of Crime and Delinquency | |
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What Good Is Theory and What Is Good Theory? | |
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The Scientific Method and Social Science | |
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Spiritual Explanations of Crime and Delinquency | |
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The Classical School of Criminology | |
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History of the Classical School | |
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Cesare Beccaria | |
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Jeremy Bentham | |
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Deterrence Theory | |
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What Is Deterrence? | |
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Deterrence and Juveniles | |
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The Classical School of Criminology Today | |
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Rational Choice Theory | |
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Shock Deterrence | |
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Shock Incarceration | |
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Scared Straight-Style Programs | |
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Juvenile Boot Camps | |
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Can Modern Deterrence Work? | |
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The Positivist School of Criminology | |
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History of the Positivist School | |
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Adolphe Quetelet | |
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Andre-Michel Guerry | |
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Auguste Comte | |
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Cesare Lombroso | |
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Positivism and Juveniles | |
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Biological and Psychological Theories of Delinquency | |
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Biological Theories | |
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The First Biological Theories of Crime | |
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Cesare Lombroso and Atavisms | |
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William Sheldon and Body Types | |
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Franz Joseph Gall and Phrenology | |
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Heredity | |
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Studies of Twins and Adopted Children | |
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Heredity and Behavior | |
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Neurotransmitters | |
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Hormones | |
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Biosocial Theory | |
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Psychological Theories | |
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Psychodynamic Perspective | |
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Piaget's Cognitive Development | |
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Moral Development | |
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Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development | |
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Does Sex Affect Morality? | |
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Intelligence and Delinquency | |
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Intellectual Disability | |
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Freud, Personality, and Delinquent Behavior | |
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Is There an Antisocial Personality? | |
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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory | |
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Psychopathy | |
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Sociological Theories of Delinquency | |
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Social Structure Theories | |
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Social Disorganization | |
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Urban Inequality | |
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Social Process Theories | |
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Learning Theories | |
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Differential Association | |
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Social Learning Theory | |
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Techniques of Neutralization | |
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Anomie and Strain Theory | |
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Durkheim and Anomie | |
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Merton and Strain | |
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Agnew and Strain | |
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Social Control Theory | |
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Personality and Social Control | |
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Containment Theory | |
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Hirschi's Social Control Theory | |
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Subcultural Theories | |
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Delinquent Boys | |
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Differential Opportunity Theory | |
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Focal Concerns of the Lower Class | |
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Subculture of Violence | |
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The Code of the Street | |
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Social Reaction Theories | |
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Labeling Theory | |
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Shaming Theory | |
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Critical, Life-course, and Integrated Theories | |
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Critical Theories | |
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Marxist Theory | |
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Left Realism | |
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Critical Race Theory | |
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Postmodern Criminology | |
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Cultural Criminology | |
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Peacemaking Criminology | |
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Life-Course Theories | |
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Life-Course-Persistent and Adolescent-Limited Crime | |
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Life-Course-Persistent Offenders | |
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Adolescent-Limited Offenders | |
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Pathways and Turning Points | |
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The Prediction Problem | |
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Integrated Theories | |
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Elliott's Integrated Theory of Delinquent Behavior | |
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Thornberry's Interactional Theory of Delinquency | |
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Tittle's Control Balance Theory | |
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Deliquency in Society | |
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Female Delinquency | |
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Girls to Women: A Developmental View | |
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Physical Development | |
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Cognitive Development | |
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Psychological and Social Development | |
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Identity | |
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Fitting In and Being Popular | |
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Dating and Sex | |
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Cutting the Strings of Parental Control | |
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The Extent and Nature of Female Delinquency | |
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Theories of Female Delinquency | |
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Biological Theories | |
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Early Puberty and Delinquency in Girls | |
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Psychological Theories | |
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Sociological Theories | |
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Feminist Theories | |
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Gender and the Juvenile Justice System | |
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The Family and Delinquency | |
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Functions of the Family | |
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Challenges in Families Today | |
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Child Victimization in the Family | |
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Child Neglect | |
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Failure-to-Thrive Syndrome | |
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Emotional Neglect | |
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Unsafe Home Environment | |
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Drug and Alcohol Use | |
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Medical Neglect | |
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Abandonment | |
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Physical Child Abuse | |
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Sexual Child Abuse | |
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Families and Delinquency | |
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Divorce | |
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Social Support | |
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Family Conflict | |
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Parents and Siblings | |
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Schools and Delinquency | |
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The Purpose of School | |
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Keeping Control | |
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Preventing Delinquency in School | |
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What about the Teachers? | |
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School Safety | |
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School Shootings | |
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Bullying | |
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School Failure and Delinquency | |
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Suspension and Expulsion | |
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Dropping Out | |
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Education and Juvenile Delinquency | |
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Youth Gangs and Delinquency | |
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What is a Gang? | |
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Studying Gangs | |
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Delinquency, Peers, and Group Activity | |
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Joining the Gang | |
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Types of Gangs | |
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Black and Hispanic Gangs | |
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Crips | |
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Bloods | |
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The People, Latin Kings, and Vice Lords | |
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Folks | |
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Asian Gangs | |
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White Gangs | |
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Gangs and Females | |
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Dealing with Gangs | |
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Prevention, Suppression, and Treatment of Gangs | |
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Primary Gang Prevention | |
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Secondary Gang Prevention | |
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Tertiary Gang Prevention | |
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Substance Abuse | |
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Drugs Youths Use | |
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Tobacco | |
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Alcohol | |
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Marijuana | |
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Methamphetamine | |
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Inhalants | |
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Prescription Drugs | |
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Performance-Enhancing Drugs | |
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Other Substances | |
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Why Do Youths Take Drugs? | |
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Peer Pressure | |
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Family | |
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Neighborhoods | |
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Individual Factors | |
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Drugs and Delinquency | |
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The Drug Trade | |
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Supporting a Drug Habit | |
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Prevention and Treatment | |
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Prevention | |
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Treatment | |
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Juvenile Justice System an Cultural Comparisons | |
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The Police | |
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A Short History of Juvenile Policing | |
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The Police: Dealing with Juvenile Delinquents and Victims | |
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Dealing with Juveniles | |
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Specialized Juvenile Policing | |
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Juvenile Officers | |
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Juvenile Units | |
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Gang Units | |
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Neglected and Abused Children | |
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Status Offenders | |
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Violent Juveniles | |
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Procedure: What the Police Do | |
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Taking into Custody | |
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Booking | |
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Fingerprints and Photographs | |
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Search and Seizure | |
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Interrogation | |
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Miranda and Juveniles | |
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Waiver of Miranda Rights | |
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The Juvenile Miranda | |
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Custody | |
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Discretion: How the Police Decide What to Do | |
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Demands of the Law | |
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Demands of the Situation | |
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Bias | |
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Racial Discrimination by the Police | |
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Sex Discrimination by the Police | |
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Controlling Police Discretion | |
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Prevention: What the Police Do to Help | |
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Community Policing | |
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Problem-Oriented Policing | |
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Zero-Tolerance Policing | |
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The Juvenile Court | |
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Organization and Jurisdiction | |
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Key Players | |
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Juveniles | |
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Juvenile Court Judge | |
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Prosecutor | |
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Juvenile Defense Counsel | |
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Public Defenders | |
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Juvenile Intake Officers | |
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Juvenile Probation Officers | |
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Juvenile Court Process | |
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Custody and Detention | |
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Petitions and Summonses | |
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Juvenile Court Hearings | |
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Preliminary Hearing | |
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Adjudicatory Hearing | |
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Dispositional Hearing | |
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Jury Trials and Plea Bargaining | |
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Jury Trial | |
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Plea Bargaining | |
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Due Process | |
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Right to a Lawyer | |
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Protection against Self-Incrimination | |
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Right to Notice of Charges | |
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Right to Confront and Cross-Examine Witnesses | |
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Protection against Double Jeopardy | |
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Confidentiality and Accountability | |
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Trying Juveniles as Adults | |
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Judicial Waiver | |
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Direct Filing | |
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Statutory Exclusion | |
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Blended Sentencing | |
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Who Gets Waived to the Criminal Court? | |
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Juvenile Corrections | |
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Community Corrections | |
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Standard Probation | |
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Intensive-Supervision Probation | |
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Electronic Monitoring | |
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Home Confinement | |
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Fines and Victim Compensation | |
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Residential Treatment Programs | |
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Foster Care | |
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Group Homes and Halfway Houses | |
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Alternative-Experience Programs | |
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Advantages of Residential Treatment Programs | |
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Secure Confinement | |
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Jails | |
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Detention Centers | |
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Juvenile Correctional Facilities | |
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Boot Camp Prisons | |
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State Prisons | |
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Crowding | |
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Suicide Prevention | |
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Incarcerated Girls | |
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Correctional Programs | |
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Education | |
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Vocational Training | |
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Recreational Programs | |
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Counseling and Treatment | |
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Nondirective Counseling | |
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Directive Counseling | |
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Group Counseling | |
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Reentry | |
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International and Comparative Delinquency | |
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Culture and the Discontented | |
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Comparative Delinquency | |
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Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice in Other Nations | |
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China | |
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India | |
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Russia | |
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South Africa | |
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Japan | |
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England and Wales | |
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Drugs | |
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Joyriding | |
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Yob Culture | |
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Riots | |
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Hong Kong | |
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International Victimization of Children | |
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Children at War | |
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Child Prostitution | |