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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Preventive Medicine | |
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| Preventing Diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Program | |
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| A Comparison of Different Dieting Strategies | |
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| Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: The Physicians' Health Study and the Women's Health Study | |
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| Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: The Women's Health Initiative | |
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| The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) | |
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| The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography | |
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| The Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: The Future II Trial | |
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| Internal Medicine | |
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| Arrhythmia Suppression following Myocardial Infarction: The CAST Trial | |
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| Choosing First-Line Therapy for Hypertension: The ALLHAT Trial | |
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| Statins in Healthy Patients with an Elevated C-Reactive Protein: The JUPITER Trial | |
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| Rate Control versus Rhythm Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The AFFIRM Trial | |
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| Lenient versus Strict Heart Rate Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The RACE II Trial | |
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| Beta Blockers for Systolic Heart Failure: The MERIT-HF Trial | |
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| Initial Treatment of Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The COURAGE Trial | |
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| Treating Elevated Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) | |
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| Intensive versus Conservative Blood Sugar Control for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial | |
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| The African American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT) | |
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| Early versus Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients with HIV: The NA-ACCORD Study | |
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| Early versus Late Initiation of Dialysis: The IDEAL Trial | |
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| Early Goal-Directed Therapy in Sepsis | |
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| Red Cell Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients: The TRICC Trial | |
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| Pulmonary Artery Catheters in Critically Ill Patients | |
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| Step-Up versus Step-Down Therapy for Dyspepsia: The DIAMOND Trial | |
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| Opioids for Chronic Noncancer Pain | |
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| Surgery | |
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| Perioperative Beta Blockers in Noncardiac Surgery: The POISE Trial | |
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| Cardiac Stents versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Severe Coronary Artery Disease: The SYNTAX Trial | |
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| Carotid Endarterectomy for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: The ACST Trial | |
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| A Trial of Arthroscopic Knee Surgery | |
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| Surgery versus Rehabilitation for Chronic Low Back Pain: The MRC Spine Stabilization Trial | |
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| Mastectomy versus Lumpectomy for Invasive Breast Cancer: The B-06 Trial | |
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| Long-Term Impact of Bariatric Surgery: The Swedish Obese Subjects Study | |
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| Obstetrics | |
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| The Canadian Multicenter Post-Term Pregnancy Trial (CMPPT) | |
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| Antepartum Glucocorticoids in Premature Labor | |
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| Pediatrics | |
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| Treatment of Acute Otitis Media in Children | |
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| A Trial of Early Ear Tube Placement in Children with Persistent Otitis Media | |
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| Inhaled Corticosteroids for Mild Persistent Asthma: The START Trial | |
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| The Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA) | |
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| Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination and Autism | |
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| Radiology | |
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Low Back Pain | |
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| Screening for Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic Patients with Diabetes: The DIAD Study | |
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| Diagnosing Acute Pulmonary Embolism: The Christopher Study | |
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| Identifying Children with Low-Risk Head Injuries Who Do Not Require Computed Tomography | |
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| Neurology and Psychiatry | |
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| Thrombolysis 3 to 4.5 Hours after an Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ECASS III Trial | |
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| Initial Treatment of Depression | |
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| Behavioral versus Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia in the Elderly | |
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| Systems-Based Practice | |
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| The Group Health Medical Home Demonstration | |
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| A Program to Improve Care Coordination at Hospital Discharge: Project RED | |
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| Reducing Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit: The Keystone ICU Project | |
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| Early Palliative Care in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer | |
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| Directly Observed Therapy for the Treatment of Tuberculosis in Baltimore | |
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| Appendix: Study Questions and Answers | |
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| Index | |