Professor David-Hillelearned his PhD from Harvard University. He has taught in the Universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow and Essex, The City University London, and the London School of Economics. He was until recently Director and Professor of Philosophy at NYU�s campus in London and part time Professor of Philosophy at Birkbeck, University of London. He is currently Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, University of London. Most recently, Ruben published Action and Its Explanation(Oxford 2003) and numerous articles in Action Theoryand in the Philosophy of Social Science.