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| Preface | |
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| Philosophy | |
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| Introduction: On the Study of Philosophy | |
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| Logical Tool kit | |
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| Writing Philosophy Papers | |
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| The Value of Philosophy | |
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| Plato, Apology: Defence of Socrates | |
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| God And Evil | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Why Believe? | |
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| The Ontological Argument | |
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| The Existence of God | |
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| Natural Theology | |
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| The Wager | |
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| Why I Am Not a Christian | |
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| The Problem of Evil | |
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| Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion | |
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| God, Evil and the Best of All Possible Worlds | |
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| A Dialogue on Good, Evil, and the Existence of God | |
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| Knowledge And Reality | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Plato and the Concept of Knowledge | |
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| Plato, Thaetetus | |
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| Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? | |
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| Descartes and the Problems of Skepticism | |
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| Meditations on First Philosophy | |
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| Bad Dreams, Evil Demons, and the Experience Machine: Philosophy and The Matrix | |
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| Excerpt from Philosophical Explanations | |
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| Hume's Problems and Some Solutions | |
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| Of Scepticism with Regard to the Senses | |
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| An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding | |
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| The Problem of Induction | |
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| Minds, Bodies, And Persons | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Traditional Problem of Mind and Body | |
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| The Argument from Analogy for Other Minds | |
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| Descartes's Myth | |
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| The Nature of Mind | |
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| Intentional Systems | |
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| Eliminative Materialism | |
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| Minds, Brains, and Machines | |
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| Computing Machinery and Intelligence | |
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| Minds, Brains, and Programs | |
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| Consciousness | |
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| What Is It Like to Be a Bat? | |
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| What Mary Didn't Know | |
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| Knowing What It's Like | |
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| Personal Identity | |
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| A Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality | |
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| The Self and the Future | |
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| Personal Identity | |
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| So It Goes | |
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| Where Am I? | |
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| Freedom, Determinism, and Responsibility | |
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| Human Freedom and the Self | |
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| The Powers of Rational Beings: Freedom of the Will | |
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| Of Liberty and Necessity | |
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| Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility | |
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| Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person | |
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| Thomas Nagel, Moral Luck | |
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| Ethics And Society | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| The Principle of Utility | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| Criticisms of Utilitarianism | |
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| Extreme and Restricted Utilitarianism | |
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| Utilitarianism and Integrity | |
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| Famine, Affluence, and Morality | |
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| Kantian Ethics | |
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| Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals | |
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| A Brief Introduction to Kantian Ethics | |
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| Kantian Approaches to Some Famine Problems | |
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| War and Massacre | |
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| Aristotelian Ethics | |
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| Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics | |
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| Aristotle on Eudaimonia | |
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| Justice and Equality | |
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| A Theory of Justice | |
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| Justice and Entitlement | |
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| Where the Action Is: On the Site of Distributive Justice | |
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| The Subjection of Women | |
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| Markets in Women's Reproductive Labor | |
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| Racisms | |
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| Challenges to Morality | |
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| Morality and Self-Interest | |
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| Plato, The Republic | |
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| An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals | |
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| Morality and Advantage | |
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| The Law of the Jungle: Moral Alternatives and Principles of Evolution | |
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| Subjectivism, Relativism, and Skepticism | |
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| The Subjectivity of Values | |
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| Ethics and Observation | |
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| Moral Explanations | |
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| Existential Issues | |
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| Moral Saints | |
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| The Absurd | |
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| The Myth of Sisyphus | |
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| The Meaning of Human Existence | |
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| The Meanings of Lives | |
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| Death | |
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| Puzzles And Paradoxes | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Zeno's Paradoxes | |
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| Achilles and the Tortoise | |
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| The Racecourse | |
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| The Argument Against Plurality | |
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| Metaphysical and Epistemological Puzzles and Paradoxes | |
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| The Paradox of Identity | |
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| The Paradox of the Heap | |
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| The Surprise Examination | |
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| Goodman's New Riddle of Induction | |
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| Puzzles of Rational Choice | |
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| The Prisoner's Dilemma | |
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| Newcomb's Problem | |
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| Kavka's Toxin Puzzle | |
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| Quinn's Puzzle of the Self-Torturer | |
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| Paradoxes of Logic, Set Theory, and Semantics | |
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| The Paradox of the Liar | |
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| Other Versions of the Liar | |
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| Russell's Paradox | |
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| Grelling's Paradox | |
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| Puzzles of Ethics | |
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| The Trolley Problem | |
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| Ducking Harm and Sacrificing Others | |
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| Glossary | |