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| Recommended Symbols, Sign Conventions, and Acronyms | |
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| Contributors | |
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| Imaging | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Electron-scattering and -imaging geometry | |
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| Electron-microscopy specimens | |
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| The imaging process | |
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| Image formation | |
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| Aberrations | |
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| Phase contrast | |
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| Thin specimens as phase objects | |
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| The weak-phase-object approximation | |
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| Imaging of weak phase objects | |
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| The effects of partial coherence | |
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| Images of periodic objects | |
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| Dark-field images | |
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| Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) | |
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| Resolution | |
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| Imaging Theory | |
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| Waves and Scattering | |
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| Scattering approximations | |
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| Transmission of electron waves through matter | |
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| Imaging | |
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| Abbe theory | |
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| Imaging of weak phase objects | |
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| Imaging of phase objects | |
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| Imaging with partial coherence | |
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| Imaging of periodic objects | |
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| Dark-field imaging | |
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| Scanning transmission electron microscopy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Elastic Scattering of Electrons by Crystals | |
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| General dynamical scattering | |
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| Kinematical scattering | |
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| Kinematical diffraction from crystals: geometry | |
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| Convergent-beam diffraction | |
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| Kinematical diffraction from crystals: intensities | |
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| Intensities for amorphous or microcrystalline specimens | |
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| Limitations of the simple approximations | |
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| Kinematical-approximation limitations | |
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| Phase-object-approximation limitation | |
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| Dynamical diffraction | |
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| The Bloch-wave formulation | |
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| The two-beam approximation | |
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| The multislice formulation | |
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| Dynamical-diffraction symmetries | |
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| Detection of symmetry elements | |
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| The imaging of crystals | |
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| Imaging in the two-beam approximation | |
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| Axial imaging of simple crystals | |
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| Diffraction and imaging of crystal defects and disorder | |
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| The column approximation | |
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| Local atom displacements: thermal vibrations | |
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| Atomic disorder in crystals | |
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| Stacking faults and twins: extended defects | |
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| Elastic-Scattering Theory | |
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| Dynamical scattering | |
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| The kinematical approximation | |
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| Diffraction by crystals | |
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| Kinematical-diffraction intensities | |
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| Formulations for dynamical diffraction | |
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| Bethe theory | |
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| Progression of a wave through a crystal | |
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| Basis for the multislice method | |
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| Images of crystals | |
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| Inelastic Electron Scattering: Part I | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Kinematics, single-event inelastic scattering, and the dielectric-response function | |
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| Plasmons, phonons, and single-electron excitations | |
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| Dynamical inelastic scattering | |
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| Inelastic Electron Scattering: Part II | |
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| Localization in inelastic scattering | |
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| Inelastic electron imaging | |
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| Absorption effects and parameters in HRTEM | |
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| Multiple energy-loss effects and their removal | |
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| Radiation damage in HRTEM | |
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| Techniques Closely Related to High-Resolution Electron Microscopy | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Extended electron-loss fine structure (EXELFS) | |
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| Electron-loss, near-edge structure (ELNES) | |
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| Orientation effects in EELS | |
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| ALCHEMI | |
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| Cathodoluminescence in STEM | |
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| Microdiffraction | |
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| Specimen preparation | |
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| Real-time image acquisition and videorecording in HRTEM | |
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| Calculation of Diffraction Patterns and Images for Fast Electrons | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Calculation of diffracted amplitudes and phases using multislice | |
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| The transmission function | |
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| The propagation function | |
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| Multislice iteration | |
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| Consistency tests | |
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| Special systems | |
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| Higher-order Laue zones | |
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| Periodic continuation | |
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| CBED and STEM | |
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| HRTEM imaging | |
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| Linear imaging | |
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| Nonlinear imaging | |
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| Limitations of the envelope functions | |
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| Display techniques | |
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| HRTEM-image processing | |
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| The fast Fourier transform | |
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| Mineralogy | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Reaction mechanisms | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Biopyriboles | |
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| Graphite crystallization | |
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| Cordierite transformation | |
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| Biotite-chlorite reaction | |
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| Stacking disorder and polytypism | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Micas | |
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| Chlorites | |
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| Pyroxenes | |
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| Pyrosmalite | |
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| Other polytypic minerals | |
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| Intergrowth disorder and nonstoichiometry | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Sheet silicates | |
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| Pyroxenoids | |
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| Bastnaesite-synchysite | |
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| Humites and leucophoenicite | |
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| Oxysulfides | |
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| Oxyborates and chemical twinning | |
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| Modulated structures and nonstoichiometry | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Antigorite and pyrrhotite | |
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| Feldspars | |
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| Other minerals | |
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| Characterization of minerals and structure determination | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Manganese oxides: fine-grained minerals | |
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| Carlosturanite: a new type of chain silicate | |
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| Other minerals (sursassite, takeuchiite, etc.) | |
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| Mineral definition and nomenclature | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Structural disorder and intergrowth structures | |
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| Ordered structures | |
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| Phases | |
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| Experimental techniques | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Special imaging to improve resolution (pyrrhotite) | |
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| Radiation damage (biopyriboles, serpentines, and zeolites) | |
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| "Controlled" heating by the electron beam (Cu-Fe sulfides) | |
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| ALCHEMI and chemical disorder in minerals | |
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| Imaging artifacts and the role of calculations | |
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| Solid-State Chemistry | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Solid-state chemistry | |
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| Historical aside | |
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| Application of HRTEM to solid-state chemistry | |
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| The role of HRTEM in solid-state synthesis | |
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| High-resolution microscopical analysis | |
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| Nonstoichiometry and solid-state reactions | |