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| Preface | |
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| Author's Note | |
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| About the Author | |
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| Fossils, Cities, and Civilizations: The Birth of a Science | |
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| What Is Archaeology? | |
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| The Beginnings of Archaeology | |
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| The Discovery of the Ancient Civilizations | |
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| Early American Archaeology | |
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| Diversity, Diffusion, and Human Progress | |
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| The Development of Modern Scientific Archaeology | |
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| "From Them to Us": Contemporary Archaeological Theory | |
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| Summary | |
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| Introducing Archaeology and Prehistory | |
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| The Tourist, the Collector, and the Archaeologist | |
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| Who Needs and Owns the Past? | |
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| What Do Archaeologists Do? | |
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| Many Sites, Many Archaeologists | |
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| Why Is Archaeology Important? | |
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| The Prehistory of Humankind According to Archaeologists | |
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| Summary | |
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| Culture and Context | |
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| Human Culture | |
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| Cultural Systems | |
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| Culture Change | |
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| The Goals of Archaeology | |
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| The Archaeological Record | |
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| Context | |
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| Summary | |
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| Space and Time | |
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| Space | |
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| Time | |
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| Relative Chronology | |
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| Absolute (Chronometric) Chronology | |
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| Summary | |
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| Finding Archaeological Sites | |
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| The Process of Archaeological Research | |
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| Accidental Discovery | |
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| Archaeological Survey | |
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| Sampling and Archaeological Survey | |
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| Remote Sensing | |
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| Assessing Archaeological Sites | |
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| Subsurface Detection Systems | |
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| Summary | |
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| Excavation | |
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| Planned Excavation: Research Design | |
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| Types of Excavation | |
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| Digging, Tools, People | |
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| Recording | |
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| Stratigraphic Observation | |
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| Excavation Problems | |
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| Reburial and Repatriation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Classification and Technology | |
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| Back from the Field | |
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| Classification and Taxonomy | |
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| Typology | |
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| Archaeological Types | |
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| What Do Assemblages and Artifact Patternings Mean? | |
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| Units of Ordering | |
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| Ancient Technologies | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Present and the Past | |
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| The Archaeological Record Again | |
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| Site-formation Processes | |
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| Preservation | |
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| Middle-Range Theory and the Archaeological Record | |
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| The Living Past | |
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| Ethnographic Analogy | |
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| Living Archaeology (Ethnoarchaeology) | |
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| Experimental Archaeology | |
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| Summary | |
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| Ancient Climate and Environment | |
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| Short- and Long-term Climatic Change | |
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| Long-term Climate Change: The Great Ice Age | |
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| Pollen Analysis | |
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| Short-term Climatic Change: The Holocene | |
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| Short-term Climatic Change: El Nino | |
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| Summary | |
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| Come Tell Me How You Lived | |
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| Evidence for Subsistence | |
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| Ancient Diet | |
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| Animal Bones | |
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| Plant Remains | |
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| Birds, Fish, and Mollusks | |
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| Rock Art | |
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| Summary | |
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| Settlement and Trade | |
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| Settlement Patterns | |
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| Population | |
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| Trade and Exchange | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Archaeology of People | |
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| Individuals | |
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| Groups | |
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| Gender | |
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| Wider Society: Prestate and State Societies | |
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| Religious Beliefs | |
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| Summary | |
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| Explaining the Past | |
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| Interpretation of Culture History | |
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| Ecological/Environmental (Processual) Archaeology | |
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| Historical Materialist Approaches | |
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| Cognitive-Processual Archaeology | |
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| A Glance at the Future | |
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| Summary | |
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| Archaeology and You | |
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| Archaeology as a Profession | |
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| Academic Qualifications and Graduate School | |
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| Thoughts on Not Becoming a Professional Archaeologist | |
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| Our Responsibilities to the Past | |
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| A Simple Code of Archaeological Ethics for All | |
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| Summary | |
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| Sites and Cultures Mentioned in the Text | |
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| Guide to Further Reading | |
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| Glossary of Technical Terms | |
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| References | |
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| Illustration Credits | |
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| Index | |