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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| American Values, Ethical Analysis, and Democratic Process | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ethics and Policymaking | |
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| Overview | |
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| References | |
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| American Political Culture: Core Values | |
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| Five Value Clusters | |
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| The Individual: The Politics of Interest | |
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| The Individual: The Politics of Conscience | |
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| The Community: Populism | |
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| The Community: Associationism | |
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| Putting It All Together: American Pragmatism | |
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| Values and Generational Change | |
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| References | |
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| A Framework for Ethical Public Policy Analysis | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| Deontological Ethics (Kantianism) | |
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| Prudent Pragmatism | |
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| Some Case Illustrations | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| References | |
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| Prudent Pragmatism and Consensus: Case Ethics in Monist and in Pluralist Society | |
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| The Fusion of Religion and Politics in Monist Society | |
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| Case Morality in Monist Society | |
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| Casuistry in Medieval Europe | |
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| The System of Medieval Casuistry | |
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| The Decline of Casuistry | |
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| From Casuistry to Theoretical Ethics | |
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| Consensus in Pluralist Society | |
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| Levels of Consensus | |
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| Development of the Pluralist Ideal | |
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| Limits on Pluralism | |
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| The Question of Abortion: Irruption of Violence | |
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| Hopes and Fears | |
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| References | |
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| Prudent Pragmatism and Democratic Polity: Citizen, Representative, and Policy Analyst | |
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| Citizenship in a Democracy | |
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| The Classical Liberal Model | |
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| Prudent Pragmatism and Deliberative Democracy | |
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| Obstacles to Deliberative Democratic Development | |
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| The Restoration of Deliberative Democracy | |
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| Conclusion: The Role of the Democratic Citizen | |
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| Representation and Representatives | |
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| Legislators | |
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| Executives | |
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| Policy Analysis in Deliberative Democracy | |
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| Policy Analysis as Technical Expertise | |
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| Policy Analysis as Value Clarification and Assessment | |
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| Policy Analysis as Prudent Pragmatic Reasoning in Policymaking | |
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| Ethicists as Policy Analysts | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| References | |
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| Issues and Cases | |
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| Introduction to Part Two | |
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| National Healthcare Policy | |
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| The U.S. Public Health System | |
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| Historical Perspective | |
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| Controlling Tobacco as a Hazardous Substance: Development of a Policy | |
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| Case Study: New York's Response to Secondhand Smoke | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| Paying for Individual Healthcare: The Insurance Dilemma | |
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| Historical Development | |
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| Philosophical Frameworks | |
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| Continuing Efforts to Expand Healthcare Coverage | |
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| Prescription Drugs and Medicare: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| References | |
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| Criminal Justice | |
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| The Administration of Criminal Justice: A Historical Perspective | |
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| The Nineteenth Century: Crime and Local Politics | |
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| Professionalization and Nationalization of Law Enforcement | |
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| Crime Control and Rights | |
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| Racial Profiling and the War on Drugs: Search-and-Seizure Jurisprudence and Racial Profiling | |
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| Racial Profiling in New Jersey: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| The Fight Against Terrorism: An Addendum | |
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| Combating Subversion: Crime Control or War | |
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| The Lackawanna Six: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| USA PATRIOT Act in Broader Perspective | |
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| References | |
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| Social Welfare Policy in the United States: Conflicting Principles of Distributive Justice | |
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| The Welfare State in Europe and in America | |
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| America's Response to Immigration: Illegals and Welfare | |
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| Welfare and Illegal Aliens: The Case of California | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| Healthcare for the Poor | |
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| Medicaid and the Poor in Allegany County: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| References | |
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| Biotechnology and Humanity | |
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| The Biotechnology Revolution | |
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| Public Control of Scientific Research | |
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| Stem Cell Research | |
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| The Federal Regulation of Research | |
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| The Bush Prohibition: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| Therapeutic Cloning of Stem Cells | |
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| Other Dilemmas | |
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| Organ Transplantation and Organ Donation | |
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| Enhancing the Organ Supply by Changing the Moral Culture: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case: Communitarianism vs. Commodification | |
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| References | |
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| The Natural Environment and Human Well-Being | |
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| Environmental Policy-A Major Concern | |
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| Command and Control | |
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| A More Flexible Approach | |
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| Clean Air | |
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| The Clear Skies Initiative: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| The Harnessing of America's Rivers | |
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| Problems and Contradictions in the Dam Complex: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| References | |
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| Ethical Defense | |
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| America in the World: Leader or Hegemon? | |
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| America at War | |
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| Preemptive War | |
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| The Decision to Invade Iraq: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| Treatment of Enemy Prisoners in Wartime: Jus in Bello | |
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| American Practice in the Treatment of Prisoners of War | |
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| Treatment of Prisoners During the Second Iraq War | |
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| A Philosophical Discussion | |
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| The Problem of Accountability: Moral and Legal Responsibility | |
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| Interrogations in Abu Ghraib Prison: A Case Study | |
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| Ethical Analysis of the Case | |
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| References | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |