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| Tables | |
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| Figures | |
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| Preface | |
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| Human Environments: A World of Linkages | |
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| Central Elements of Human Ecology | |
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| Linkages | |
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| Climate and Seasonality | |
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| Spatial Use and Urbanization | |
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| Humans and Ecological Concepts | |
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| Ecology: Concepts and Definitions | |
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| Ecosystems | |
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| Concepts of Adaptation | |
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| Adaptation and Ecological Niche | |
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| The Human Ecological Niche | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Demographic Landmarks of a Successful Species | |
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| Landmarks of Population and Development in the Ancient World | |
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| Regional Distribution of Population Increases | |
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| Some Factors Contributing to Population Growth | |
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| "Famine Proof" New World Crops | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Technology, Development, and Population Dynamics: Some Linkages | |
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| Industrial Revolution | |
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| The Population Revolution | |
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| Consequences of High Density Populations | |
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| Some Measurements of the Costs of Poverty | |
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| Demographic Linkages to Development | |
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| A Demographic Transition | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Population Dynamics: Some Basic Elements | |
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| Some Basics of Population Change | |
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| Fertility and Fertility Rates | |
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| Population Structures | |
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| Life Expectancy | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Diet, Adaptation, and Development | |
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| Food Categories | |
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| Traditional Societies and Nutritional Adaptation | |
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| Child Growth as Adaptation | |
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| Energy Requirements of Growth, Work, and Reproduction | |
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| Development, Fertility, and Population Growth | |
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| Diet, Adaptation, and Development: Some Conclusions | |
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| Health, Disease, and Development | |
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| Epidemiological Transitions | |
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| The Developing World and Epidemiological Transitions | |
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| Some New Viruses and Ecological Linkages | |
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| Old Diseases in a New World: Some Conclusions | |
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| Development, Populations, and Linkages: The Impacts on Planet Earth | |
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| Development | |
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| Food Production and Population | |
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| Health and Some Development Linkages | |
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| Health or Disease: Food Sources and Goiter | |
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| Health Improvements: Medical or Economic Causes | |
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| Demography, Transitions, and Developments | |
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| Surviving Environmental Change | |
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| Literature Cited | |
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| Index | |