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| Preface | |
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| Introduction to Quality | |
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| A Historical Overview | |
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| A Note About "Quality Engineering" | |
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| Defining Quality | |
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| Product Quality vs. Service Quality | |
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| The Total Quality System | |
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| Total Quality Management | |
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| Economics of Quality | |
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| Quality, Productivity, and Competitive Position | |
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| Quality Costs | |
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| A Case Study in Quality Costs | |
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| Success Stories | |
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| Cadillac Motor Car Company (Winner of the 1990 MBNQA) | |
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| Boeing Airlift and Tanker Programs (Winner of the 1998 MBNQA) | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Mini-Project 1.1 | |
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| Mini-Project 1.2 | |
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| References | |
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| Statistics for Quality | |
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| Variability in Populations | |
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| Some Definitions | |
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| Empirical Methods for Describing Populations | |
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| The Frequency Distribution | |
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| The Histogram | |
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| The Cumulative Frequency Distribution | |
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| Numerical Methods for Describing Populations | |
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| Calculating the Average and Standard Deviation | |
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| Other Graphical Methods | |
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| Stem-and-Leaf Diagram | |
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| Box-and-Whisker Plot | |
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| Other Numerical Measures | |
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| Measures of Location | |
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| Measures of Dispersion | |
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| Exercise in Empirical Methods | |
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| Mathematical Models for Describing Populations | |
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| Probability | |
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| Definition of Probability | |
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| Computing the Probability of an Event | |
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| Theorems on Probability | |
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| Counting the Sample Points in a Sample Space | |
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| Exercises in Probability | |
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| Probability Distributions | |
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| Random Variable | |
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| Probability Mass Function | |
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| Probability Density Function | |
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| The Cumulative Distribution Function | |
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| The Mean and Variance of a Distribution | |
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| Some Important Probability Distributions | |
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| The Binomial Distribution | |
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| The Poisson Distribution | |
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| The Normal Distribution | |
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| Distribution of the Sample Average X | |
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| The Central Limit Theorem | |
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| Exercise in Probability Distributions | |
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| Inference of Population Quality from a Sample | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Confidence Intervals | |
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| CI for the [mu] of a Normal Population When [sigma] Is Known | |
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| Interpretation of CI | |
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| CI for [mu] When [sigma] Is Not Known | |
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| CI for [sigma superscript 2] of a Normal Population | |
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| Hypothesis Testing | |
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| Test Concerning the Mean [mu] of a Normal Population When [sigma] Is Known | |
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| Why Place the Claim Made About a Parameter in H[subscript 1]? | |
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| The Three Possible Alternate Hypotheses | |
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| Test Concerning the Mean [mu] of a Normal Population When [sigma] Is Not Known | |
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| Test for Difference of Two Means When [sigma]s Are Known | |
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| Tests for Normality | |
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| Use of the Normal Probability Plot | |
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| Normal Probability Plot on the Computer | |
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| A Goodness-of-Fit Test | |
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| The P Value | |
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| Exercises in Inference Methods | |
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| Mini-Project 2.1 | |
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| Mini-Project 2.2 | |
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| References | |
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| Quality in Design | |
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| Planning for Quality | |
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| The Product Creation Cycle | |
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| Product Planning | |
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| Finding Customer Needs | |
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| Quality Function Deployment | |
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| Reliability Fundamentals | |
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| Product Design | |
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| Parameter Design | |
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| Design of Experiments | |
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| Tolerance Design | |
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| Failure Mode and Effect Analysis | |
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| Concurrent Engineering | |
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| Process Design | |
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| The Process Flow Chart | |
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| Process Parameter Selection: Experiments | |
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| Floor Plan Layout | |
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| Process FMEA | |
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| Process Control Plan | |
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| Other Process Plans | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Mini-Project 3.1 | |
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| Mini-Project 3.2 | |
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| Mini-Project 3.3 | |
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| References | |
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| Quality in Production: Process Control-I | |
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| Process Control | |
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| The Control Charts | |
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| A Typical Control Chart | |
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| Measurement Control Charts | |
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| X- and R-Charts | |
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| A Few Notes About the X- and R-Charts | |
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| X- and S-Charts | |
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| Attribute Control Charts | |
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| The P-Chart | |
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| The C-Chart | |
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| Some Special Attribute Control Charts | |
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| The P-Chart with Varying Sample Size | |
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| The nP-Chart | |
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| The Percent Defectives Chart (100P-Chart) | |
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| The U-Chart | |
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| A Few Notes About the Attribute Control Charts | |
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| Summary of Control Charts | |
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| Implementing SPC on Processes | |
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| Process Capability | |
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| Capability of a Process with Measurable Output | |
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| Capability Indices C[subscript p] and C[subscript pk] | |
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| Capability of a Process with Attribute Output | |
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| Measurement System Analysis | |
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| Properties of Instruments | |
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| Measurement Standards | |
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| Evaluating an Instrument | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Mini-Project 4.1 | |
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| Mini-Project 4.2 | |
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| References | |
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| Quality in Production: Process Control-II | |
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| Derivation of Limits | |
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| Limits for the X-Chart | |
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| Limits for the R-Chart | |
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| Limits for the P-Chart | |
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| Limits for the C-Chart | |
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| Operating Characteristics of Control Charts | |
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| Operating Characteristics of an X-Chart | |
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| OC Curve of an R-Chart | |
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| Average Run Length | |
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| OC Curve of a P-Chart | |
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| OC Curve of a C-Chart | |
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| Measurement Control Charts for Special Situations | |
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| X- and R-Charts When Standards for [mu] and/or [sigma] Are Given | |
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| Control Charts for Slow Processes | |
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| Control Chart for Individuals (X-Chart) | |
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| Moving Average and MR Charts | |
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| The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Chart | |
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| Control Charts for Short Runs | |
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| The DNOM Chart | |
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| The Standardized DNOM Chart | |
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| Topics in Process Capability | |
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| The C[subscript pm] Index | |
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| Confidence Interval for Capability Indices | |
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| Motorola's 6[sigma] Capability | |
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| Topics in Design of Experiments | |
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| Analysis of Variance | |
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| The General 2[subscript k] Design | |
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| 2[superscript 4] Design | |
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| Fractional Factorials: One-Half Fractions | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Mini-Project 5.1 | |
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| Mini-Project 5.2 | |
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| References | |
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| Managing for Quality | |
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| Managing Human Resources | |
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| Importance of Human Resources | |
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| Organizations | |
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| Quality Leadership | |
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| Customer Focus | |
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| Open Communications | |
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| Empowerment | |
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| Education and Training | |
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| Teamwork | |
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| Motivation Methods | |
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| Principles of Management | |
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| Strategic Planning for Quality | |
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| History of Planning | |
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| Making the Strategic Plan | |
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| Strategic Plan Deployment | |
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| Exercise | |
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| Mini-Project 6.1 | |
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| References | |
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| Quality in Procurement | |
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| Importance of Quality in Supplies | |
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| Establishing a Good Supplier Relationship | |
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| Essentials of a Good Supplier Relationship | |
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| Single vs. Multiple Suppliers | |
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| Choosing a Supplier | |
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| Certifying a Supplier | |
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| Specifying the Supplies Completely | |
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| Auditing the Supplier | |
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| Supply Chain Optimization | |
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| Using Statistical Sampling for Acceptance | |
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| The Need for Sampling Inspection | |
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| Single Sampling Plans for Attributes | |
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| The Operating Characteristic Curve | |
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| Designing an SSP | |
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| Double Sampling Plans for Attributes | |
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| MIL-STD-105E | |
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| Average Outgoing Quality Limit | |
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| Some Notes About Sampling Plans | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Continuous Improvement of Quality | |
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| The Need for Continuous Improvement | |
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| The Problem-Solving Methodology | |
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| Deming's PDCA Cycle | |
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| Juran's Breakthrough Sequence | |
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| The Generic Problem-Solving Methodology | |
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| Quality Improvement Tools | |
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| Cause-and-Effect Diagram | |
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| Brainstorming | |
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| Benchmarking | |
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| Pareto Analysis | |
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| Histogram | |
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| Control Charts | |
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| Scatter Plots | |
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| Regression Analysis | |
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| Correlation Analysis | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Term Project 8.1 | |
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| References | |
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| A System for Quality | |
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| The Systems Approach | |
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| Dr. Deming's System | |
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| Long-Term Planning | |
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| Cultural Change | |
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| Prevention Orientation | |
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| Quality in Procurement | |
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| Continuous Improvement | |
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| Training, Education, Empowerment, and Teamwork | |
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| Dr. Juran's System | |
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| Quality Planning | |
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| Quality Control | |
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| Quality Improvement | |
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| Dr. Feigenbaum's System | |
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| Baldrige Award Criteria | |
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| Leadership | |
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| Strategic Planning | |
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| Customer and Market Focus | |
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| Measurement, Analysis, and Knowledge Management | |
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| Human Resource Focus | |
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| Process Management | |
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| Business Results | |
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| ISO 9000 Quality Management Systems | |
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| The ISO 9000-2000 Family of Standards | |
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| The Eight Quality Management Principles | |
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| Documentation in ISO 9000 | |
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| ISO 9001-2000 Requirements | |
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| Quality Management System | |
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| Management Responsibility | |
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| Resource Management | |
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| Product Realization | |
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| Measurement, Analysis, and Improvement | |
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| The Six Sigma System | |
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| Six Themes of Six Sigma | |
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| The 6[sigma] Measure | |
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| The Three Strategies | |
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| The Two Improvement Processes | |
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| The Five-Step Road Map | |
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| The Organization for Six Sigma | |
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| Summary of Quality Management Systems | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Mini-Project 9.1 | |
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| Mini-Project 9.2 | |
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| References | |
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| Statistical Tables | |
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| Answers to Selected Exercises | |
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| Index | |