| |
| |
| |
Properties of the Real Numbers | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
The Real Number System | |
| |
| |
Algebraic Structure | |
| |
| |
Order Structure | |
| |
| |
Bounds | |
| |
| |
Sups and Infs | |
| |
| |
The Archimedean Property | |
| |
| |
Inductive Property of IN | |
| |
| |
The Rational Numbers Are Dense | |
| |
| |
The Metric Structure of R. Challenging Problems for Chapter 1 | |
| |
| |
| |
Sequences | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Sequences | |
| |
| |
Countable Sets | |
| |
| |
Convergence | |
| |
| |
Divergence | |
| |
| |
Boundedness Properties of Limits | |
| |
| |
Algebra of Limits | |
| |
| |
Order Properties of Limits | |
| |
| |
Monotone Convergence Criterion | |
| |
| |
Examples of Limits | |
| |
| |
Subsequences | |
| |
| |
Cauchy Convergence Criterion | |
| |
| |
Upper and Lower Limits | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 2 | |
| |
| |
| |
Infinite Sums | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Finite Sums | |
| |
| |
Infinite Unordered Sums | |
| |
| |
Ordered Sums: Series | |
| |
| |
Criteria for Convergence | |
| |
| |
Tests for Convergence | |
| |
| |
Rearrangements | |
| |
| |
Products of Series | |
| |
| |
Summability Methods | |
| |
| |
More on Infinite Sums | |
| |
| |
Infinite Products | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 3 | |
| |
| |
| |
Sets of Real Numbers | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Points | |
| |
| |
Sets | |
| |
| |
Elementary Topology | |
| |
| |
Compactness Arguments | |
| |
| |
Countable Sets | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 4 | |
| |
| |
| |
Continuous Functions | |
| |
| |
Introduction to Limits | |
| |
| |
Properties of Limits | |
| |
| |
Limits Superior and Inferior | |
| |
| |
Continuity | |
| |
| |
Properties of Continuous Functions | |
| |
| |
Uniform Continuity | |
| |
| |
Extremal Properties | |
| |
| |
Darboux Property | |
| |
| |
Points of Discontinuity | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 5 | |
| |
| |
| |
More on Continuous Functions and Sets | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Dense Sets | |
| |
| |
Nowhere Dense Sets | |
| |
| |
The Baire Category Theorem | |
| |
| |
Cantor Sets | |
| |
| |
Borel Sets | |
| |
| |
Oscillation and Continuity | |
| |
| |
Sets of Measure Zero | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 6 | |
| |
| |
| |
Differentiation | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
The Derivative | |
| |
| |
Computations of Derivatives | |
| |
| |
Continuity of the Derivative? Local Extrema | |
| |
| |
Mean Value Theorem | |
| |
| |
Monotonicity | |
| |
| |
Dini Derivatives | |
| |
| |
The Darboux Property of the Derivative | |
| |
| |
Convexity | |
| |
| |
L'Hopital's Rule | |
| |
| |
Taylor Polynomials | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 7 | |
| |
| |
| |
The Integral | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Cauchy's First Method | |
| |
| |
Properties of the Integral | |
| |
| |
Cauchy's Second Method | |
| |
| |
Cauchy's Second Method (Continued) | |
| |
| |
The Riemann Integral | |
| |
| |
Properties of the Riemann Integral | |
| |
| |
The Improper Riemann Integral | |
| |
| |
More on the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 8 | |
| |
| |
| |
Sequences and Series of Functions | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Pointwise Limits | |
| |
| |
Uniform Limits | |
| |
| |
Uniform Convergence and Continuity | |
| |
| |
Uniform Convergence and the Integral | |
| |
| |
Uniform Convergence and Derivatives | |
| |
| |
Pompeiu's Function | |
| |
| |
Continuity and Pointwise Limits | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 9 | |
| |
| |
| |
Power Series | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Power Series: Convergence | |
| |
| |
Uniform Covergence | |
| |
| |
Functions Represented by Power Series | |
| |
| |
The Taylor Series | |
| |
| |
Products of Power Series | |
| |
| |
Composition of Power Series | |
| |
| |
Trigonometric Series | |
| |
| |
| |
The Euclidean Spaces Rn | |
| |
| |
The Algebraic Structure of Rn | |
| |
| |
The Metric Structure of Rn | |
| |
| |
Elementary Topology of Rn | |
| |
| |
Sequences in Rn | |
| |
| |
Functions and Mappings | |
| |
| |
Limits of Functions from Rn to Rm | |
| |
| |
Continuity of Functions from Rn to Rm | |
| |
| |
Compact Sets in Rn | |
| |
| |
Continuous Functions on Compact Sets | |
| |
| |
Additional Remarks | |
| |
| |
| |
Differentiation on Rn | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Partial and Directional Derivatives | |
| |
| |
Integrals Depending on a Parameter | |
| |
| |
Differentiable Functions | |
| |
| |
Chain Rules | |
| |
| |
Implicit Function Theorems | |
| |
| |
Functions from R to Rm | |
| |
| |
Functions from Rn to Rm | |
| |
| |
| |
Metric Spaces | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Metric SpacesSpecific Examples | |
| |
| |
Convergence | |
| |
| |
Sets in a Metric Space | |
| |
| |
Functions | |
| |
| |
Separable Spaces | |
| |
| |
Complete Spaces | |
| |
| |
Contraction Maps | |
| |
| |
Applications of Contraction Maps (I) | |
| |
| |
Applications of Contraction Maps (II) | |
| |
| |
Compactness | |
| |
| |
Baire Category Theorem | |
| |
| |
Applications of the Baire Category Theorem | |
| |
| |
Challenging Problems for Chapter 13 | |
| |
| |
| |
Backgroun<$$$> | |