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| Statistics, Data, and Statistical Thinking | |
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| The Science of Statistics | |
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| Types of Statistical Applications | |
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| Fundamental Elements of Statistics | |
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| Types of Data | |
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| Collecting Data | |
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| The Role of Statistics in Critical Thinking | |
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| Methods for Describing Sets of Data | |
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| Describing Qualitative Data | |
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| Graphic Methods for Describing Quantitative Data | |
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| Summation Notation | |
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| Numerical Measures of Central Tendency | |
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| Numerical Measures of Variability | |
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| Interpreting the Standard Deviation | |
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| Numerical Measures of Relative Standing | |
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| Quartiles and Box Plots (Optional) | |
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| Distorting the Truth with Descriptive Techniques | |
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| Probability | |
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| Events, Sample Spaces, and Probability | |
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| Unions and Intersections | |
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| Complementary Events | |
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| The Additive Rule and Mutually Exclusive Events | |
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| Conditional Probability | |
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| The Multiplicative Rule and Independent Events | |
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| Probability and Statistics: An Example | |
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| Random Sampling | |
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| Random Variables and Probability Distributions | |
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| Two Types of Random Variables | |
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| Probability Distributions for Discrete Random Variables | |
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| The Binomial Distribution | |
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| Probability Distributions for Continuous Random Variables | |
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| The Normal Distribution | |
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| Sampling Distributions | |
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| Properties of Sampling Distributions: Unbiasedness and Minimum Variance (Optional) | |
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| The Central Limit Theorem | |
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| Inferences Based on a Single Sample: Estimation with Confidence Intervals | |
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| Large-Sample Confidence Interval for a Population Mean | |
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| Small- Sample Confidence Interval for a Population Mean | |
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| Large-Sample Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion | |
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| Determining the Sample Size | |
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| Inferences Based on a Single Sample: Tests of Hypothesis | |
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| The Elements of a Test of Hypothesis | |
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| Large-Sample Test of Hypothesis About a Population Mean | |
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| Observed Significance Levels: p- Values | |
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| Small-Sample Test of Hypothesis About a Population Mean | |
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| Large-Sample Test of Hypothesis About a Population Proportion | |
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| A Nonparametric Test About a Population Median (Optional) | |
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| Comparing Population Means | |
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| Comparing Two Population Means: Independent Sampling | |
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| Comparing Two Population Means: Paired Difference Experiments | |
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| Determining the Sample Size | |
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| A Nonparametric Test for Comparing Two Populations: Independent Sampling (Optional) | |
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| A Nonparametric Test for Comparing Two Populations: Paired Difference Experiments (Optional) | |
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| Comparing Three or More Population Means: Analysis of Variance (Optional) | |
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| Comparing Population Proportions | |
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| Comparing Two Population Proportions: Independent Sampling | |
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| Determining the Sample Size | |
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| Comparing Population Proportions: Multinomial Experiment (Optional) | |
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| Contingency Table Analysis (Optional) | |
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| Simple Linear Regression | |
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| Probabilistic Models | |
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| Fitting the Model: The Least Squares Approach | |
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| Model Assumptions | |
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| An Estimator of ï¿½Ç s2 | |
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| Assessing the Utility of the Model: Making Inferences About the Slope ï¿½Ç b1 | |
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| The Coefficient of Correlation | |
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| The Coefficient of Determination | |
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| Using the Model for Estimation and Prediction | |
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| Simple Linear Regression: An Example | |
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| A Nonparametric Test for Correlation (Optional) | |
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| Tables | |
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| Data Sets | |
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| Calculation Formulas for Analysis of Variance: Independent Sampling | |