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| List of Acronyms | |
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| List of Figures | |
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| List of Tables | |
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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| List of Contributors | |
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| Introduction | |
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| History of Broadband Access Networks and PON | |
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| Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) | |
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| Cable Modem | |
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| Fiber Access Systems | |
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| Ethernet | |
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| WDM in Optical Access Networks | |
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| Killer Applications | |
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| Economic Considerations in PON Development | |
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| How Much Bandwidth Is Enough? | |
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| Policy and Regulation Influence | |
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| Standardization Efforts | |
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| Cost Considerations | |
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| Organization of the Book | |
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| References | |
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| PON Architectures Review | |
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| FTTx Overview | |
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| TDM-PON vs WDM-PON | |
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| Optical Transmission System | |
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| Optical Fiber | |
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| Chromatic Dispersion | |
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| Fiber Loss | |
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| Bidirectional Transmission | |
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| Wavelength Division Duplex | |
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| Power-Splitting Strategies in a TDM-PON | |
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| Splitting Architectures | |
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| Splitting Ratio | |
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| Standard Commercial TMD-PON Infrastructure | |
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| OLT and ONU Structures | |
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| Burst Mode Operation and Ranging | |
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| C-Band Analog CATV Signal Overlay | |
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| Security Concerns in Power-Splitting PON | |
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| APON/BPON and G-PON | |
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| ATM-PON and ITU-T G.983 | |
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| Collision Resolution in APON/G-PON | |
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| Wavelength Overlay in APON/G-PON | |
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| G-PON and ITU-T G.984 | |
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| APON/G-PON Protection Switching | |
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| EPON | |
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| Ethernet Layering Architecture and EPON | |
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| EPON PMD Layer | |
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| Burst Mode Operation and Loop Timing in EPON | |
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| PCS Layer and Forward Error Correction | |
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| Ethernet Framing | |
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| Multipoint Control Protocol (MPCP) | |
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| Point-to-Point Emulation (P2PE) in EPON | |
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| EPON Encryption and Protection | |
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| Ethernet OAM Sublayer | |
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| G-PON and EPON Comparison | |
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| Super PON | |
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| WDM-PON | |
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| Advantages and Challenges of WDM-PON | |
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| Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) Router | |
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| Broadcast Emulation and Point-to-Point Operation | |
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| 2-PONs-In-1 | |
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| WDM-on-WDM | |
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| Hybrid WDM/TDM-PON | |
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| Multiply Fiber Plant Utility by WDM | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Optical Technologies in Passive Optical Access Networks | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Optical Technologies in Passive Outside Plant | |
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| Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC)-Based Optical Power Splitter | |
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| Arrayed Waveguide Grating | |
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| PON Technologies for Indoor Installation | |
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| Field Assembly and Indoor Connectors | |
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| Fiber for Indoor Installations | |
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| Transmitter Sources at Subscriber Premises | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Wavelength-Specific ONUs | |
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| Colorless ONUs | |
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| Source-Free ONUs Based on Wavelength Reuse Schemes | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Transceivers for Passive Optical Networks | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Historical Background | |
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| PON Transceiver Evolution | |
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| PON System Requirements | |
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| PON System Power Budgets and Specifications | |
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| Physical-Layer Specifications | |
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| PON Burst-Mode Timing Requirements | |
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| Transceiver Technologies | |
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| Transceiver Building Blocks | |
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| Optical Transmit and Receive Devices | |
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| Bidirectional Optical Subassembly (BOSA) | |
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| PON Transceiver Modules | |
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| Burst-Mode Electronics | |
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| Conventional vs Burst-Mode Data | |
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| Burst-Mode Transmitter (BM Tx) | |
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| Burst-Mode Receiver (BM Rx) | |
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| Transceiver Digital-Diagnostic Monitoring | |
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| Module Parameter Monitoring | |
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| Fiber OTDR Monitoring | |
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| PON Transceiver System Evaluation | |
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| G-PON Transceiver System Evaluation | |
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| EPON Transceivers | |
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| Impact of Analog CATV Overlay | |
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| Summary and Outlook | |
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| References | |
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| Ranging and Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation | |
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| Ranging | |
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| Purpose of Ranging | |
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| Ranging Procedures Overview | |
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| Ranging Protocol of G-PON | |
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| Ranging Protocol of EPON | |
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| Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) | |
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| DBA Overview | |
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| Target Service | |
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| Requirements of DBA | |
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| Traffic Control Fundamentals-Fair Queuing | |
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| IPACT and its Variants | |
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| Improved DBA | |
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| References | |
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| Protection Architectures for Passive Optical Networks | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Considerations of Protection in Passive Optical Networks | |
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| Protection or Restoration | |
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| Network Topology | |
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| Network Type | |
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| Resources To Be Protected | |
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| Single or Multiple Failures | |
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| Automatic Protection Switching | |
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| Operation, Administration, and Management | |
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| Traffic Restoration Time | |
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| Complexity | |
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| Protection Architectures | |
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| Conventional Passive Optical Networks | |
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| WDM Passive Optical Networks | |
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| Summary | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Optical Characterization, Diagnosis, and Performance Monitoring for PON | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Network Testing, Characterization, and Monitoring Challenges for PON | |
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| Fiber's Key Characteristics | |
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| Characterization and Monitoring Challenges for PON | |
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| Methods for Characterization, Diagnosis, and Monitoring | |
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| Required Physical-Layer Measurement | |
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| Basic Test Equipment | |
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| Network Testing, Characterization, and Diagnosis Guidelines | |
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| Network Performance Monitoring | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| G-PON PMD Characteristics | |
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| EPON MPCPDU Formats | |
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| Index | |