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| Boxed Readings | |
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| Preface | |
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| Human Organization | |
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| Organization of the Body | |
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| Anatomy and Physiology | |
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| Organization of Body Parts | |
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| Anatomical Terms | |
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| Relative Positions of Body Parts | |
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| Planes and Sections of the Body | |
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| Regions of the Body | |
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| Cavities of the Body | |
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| Organ Systems | |
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| Integumentary System | |
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| Support and Movement | |
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| Integration and Coordination | |
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| Maintenance of the Body | |
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| Reproduction and Development | |
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| Homeostasis | |
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| Medical Focus: Spare Parts | |
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| Chemistry of Life | |
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| Elements and Atoms | |
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| Isotopes: Atomic Weights Vary | |
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| Molecules and Compounds | |
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| Some Important Inorganic Molecules | |
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| Water | |
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| Electrolytes | |
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| Acids and Bases | |
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| Some Important Organic Molecules | |
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| Carbohydrates | |
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| Lipids | |
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| Proteins | |
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| Nucleic Acids | |
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| ATP | |
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| Medical Focus: Imaging the Body | |
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| Medical Focus: Nutrition Labels | |
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| Cell Structure and Function | |
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| The Plasma Membrane | |
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| The Nucleus | |
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| The Cytoplasm | |
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| Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis | |
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| Endomembrane System | |
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| Mitochondria | |
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| Centrioles and Related Organelles | |
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| Plasma Membrane Transport | |
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| Passive Transport | |
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| Active Transport | |
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| Endocytosis and Exocytosis | |
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| Cell Division | |
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| Mitosis | |
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| Meiosis | |
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| Medical Focus: Hemodialysis | |
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| MedAlert: Cancer | |
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| Body Tissues and Membranes | |
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| Body Tissues | |
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| Epithelial Tissue | |
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| Connective Tissue | |
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| Muscular Tissue | |
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| Nervous Tissue | |
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| Body Membranes | |
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| Mucous Membranes | |
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| Serous Membranes | |
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| Synovial Membranes | |
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| Meninges | |
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| Cutaneous Membrane | |
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| Medical Focus: Classification of Cancers | |
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| The Integumentary System | |
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| Structure of the Skin | |
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| Epidermis | |
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| Dermis | |
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| Subcutaneous Layer | |
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| Accessory Structures of the Skin | |
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| Hair and Nails | |
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| Glands | |
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| Functions of the Skin | |
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| Protection | |
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| Synthesis of Vitamin D | |
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| Sensory Reception and Communication | |
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| Regulation of Body Temperature | |
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| Disorders of the Skin | |
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| Skin Cancer | |
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| Burns | |
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| Wound Healing | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Visual Focus: Temperature Control | |
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| Medical Focus: Link between UV Radiation and Skin Cancer | |
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| Medical Focus: Epidermis from the Laboratory | |
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| Working Together: Integumentary System | |
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| Support and Movement | |
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| The Skeletal System | |
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| Skeleton: Overview | |
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| Functions | |
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| Anatomy of a Long Bone | |
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| Growth and Development | |
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| Fractures | |
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| Axial Skeleton | |
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| Skull | |
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| Hyoid Bone | |
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| Vertebral Column (Spine) | |
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| Thoracic Cage | |
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| Appendicular Skeleton | |
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| Pectoral Girdle | |
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| Upper Limb (Arm) | |
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| Pelvic Girdle | |
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| Lower Limb (Leg) | |
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| Joints (Articulations) | |
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| Classification | |
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| Movements Permitted by Synovial Joints | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: Knee Injuries | |
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| MedAlert: Arthritic Joints | |
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| Working Together: Skeletal System | |
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| The Muscular System | |
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| Types and Functions of Muscles | |
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| Types of Muscles | |
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| Functions of Muscles | |
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| Skeletal Muscle Structure and Contraction | |
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| Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle | |
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| Physiology of Muscle Contraction | |
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| Chemistry of Muscle Contraction | |
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| Aspects of Muscle Contraction | |
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| Skeletal Muscles of the Body | |
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| Naming Muscles | |
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| Muscles of the Head | |
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| Muscles of the Neck and Trunk | |
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| Muscles of the Shoulder and Upper Limb (Arm) | |
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| Muscles of the Thigh and Lower Limb (Leg) | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Visual Focus: Contraction of a Muscle | |
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| Medical Focus: Muscular Dystrophy | |
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| MedAlert: Benefits of Exercise | |
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| Working Together: Muscular System | |
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| Integration and Coordination | |
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| The Nervous System | |
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| Nervous System | |
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| Divisions of the Nervous System | |
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| Functions of the Nervous System | |
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| Cells of Nervous Tissue | |
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| Nerve Impulses | |
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| The Synapse | |
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| Nerves | |
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| Reflexes and the Reflex Arc | |
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| Central Nervous System | |
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| Brain | |
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| Spinal Cord | |
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| Meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid | |
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| Peripheral Nervous System | |
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| Somatic Nervous System | |
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| Autonomic Nervous System | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: The Left and Right Brain | |
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| Medical Focus: EEG | |
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| Medical Focus: Spinal Cord Injuries | |
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| Working Together: Nervous System | |
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| MedAlert: Alzheimer Disease | |
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| The Sensory System | |
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| General Receptors | |
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| Skin | |
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| Visceral Organs | |
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| Muscles and Joints | |
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| Chemoreceptors | |
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| Photoreceptors | |
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| Accessory Organs of the Eye | |
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| Structure of the Eye | |
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| Mechanoreceptors | |
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| External Ear | |
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| Middle Ear | |
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| Inner Ear | |
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| Hearing | |
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| Balance (Equilibrium) | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: Myasthenia Gravis | |
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| MedAlert: Age-Related Macular Degeneration | |
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| Medical Focus: Corrective Lenses | |
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| Medical Focus: Hearing Damage and Deafness | |
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| The Endocrine System | |
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| Endocrine System | |
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| Hormone Action | |
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| Endocrine Glands | |
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| Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland | |
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| Posterior Pituitary | |
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| Anterior Pituitary | |
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| Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands | |
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| Thyroid Gland | |
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| Parathyroid Glands | |
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| Adrenal Glands | |
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| Adrenal Medulla | |
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| Adrenal Cortex | |
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| Pancreas | |
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| Diabetes Mellitus | |
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| Testes and Ovaries | |
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| Testosterone | |
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| Estrogen and Progesterone | |
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| Other Endocrine Glands and Hormones | |
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| Hormones Not Associated with Glands | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Visual Focus: Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary | |
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| Medical Focus: Glucocorticoid Therapy | |
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| MedAlert: Side Effects of Anabolic Steroids | |
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| Working Together: Endocrine System | |
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| Maintenance of the Body | |
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| Blood | |
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| Composition of Blood | |
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| Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) | |
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| White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) | |
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| Types of White Blood Cells | |
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| Platelets (Thrombocytes) | |
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| Hematopoiesis | |
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| Plasma | |
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| Functions of Blood | |
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| Transport | |
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| Blood Clotting | |
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| Blood Groups and Typing | |
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| ABO System | |
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| Rh System | |
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| Blood Typing | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: Abnormal Red and White Blood Cell Counts | |
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| Medical Focus: Who Should Not Give Blood | |
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| The Circulatory System | |
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| Anatomy of the Heart | |
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| Pericardial Membranes | |
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| Chambers of the Heart | |
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| Path of Blood in the Heart | |
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| Double Pump | |
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| Heartbeat | |
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| Cardiac Disorders | |
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| Vascular System | |
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| Blood Vessels | |
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| Path of Circulation | |
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| Features of the Circulatory System | |
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| Pulse | |
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| Blood Pressure | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: Congestive Heart Failure | |
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| Medical Focus: The Electrocardiogram | |
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| MedAlert: Preventing Heart Attacks | |
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| Working Together: Circulatory System | |
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| The Lymphatic System and Immunity | |
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| Lymphatic System | |
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| Lymphatic Vessels | |
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| Lymphoid Organs | |
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| Immunity | |
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| Nonspecific Defenses | |
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| Specific Defenses | |
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| Immunotherapy | |
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| Active Immunity | |
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| Passive Immunity | |
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| Lymphokines | |
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| Immunological Side Effects and Illnesses | |
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| Allergies | |
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| Tissue Rejection | |
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| Autoimmune Diseases | |
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| Immune Deficiency | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: Lymph Nodes and Illnesses | |
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| Medical Focus: Bone Marrow Biopsy and Transplant | |
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| Visual Focus: The Inflammatory Reaction | |
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| Medical Focus: Immunization: The Great Protector | |
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| MedAlert: AIDS Epidemic | |
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| Working Together: Lymphatic System | |
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| The Respiratory System | |
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| Respiratory Organs | |
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| Nose | |
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| Pharynx | |
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| Larynx | |
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| Trachea | |
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| Bronchi and Bronchioles | |
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| Lungs | |
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| Mechanisms of Breathing | |
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| Inspiration | |
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| Expiration | |
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| Lung Capacities | |
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| Respiration Mechanisms and Transport of Gases | |
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| Partial Pressures of Gases | |
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| Transport of Gases | |
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| Respiratory Infections and Lung Disorders | |
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| Respiratory Infections | |
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| Lung Disorders | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: Modified Breathing Rates | |
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| Visual Focus: Inspiration Versus Expiration | |
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| Medical Focus: Heimlich Maneuver | |
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| MedAlert: The Most Often Asked Questions about Smoking, Tobacco, and Health, and ... the Answers | |
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| Working Together: Respiratory System | |
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| The Digestive System | |
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| Digestive System | |
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| Mouth | |
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| Pharynx | |
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| Esophagus | |
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| Stomach | |
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| Small Intestine | |
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| Large Intestine | |
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| Accessory Organs | |
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| Pancreas | |
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| Liver | |
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| Gallbladder | |
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| Chemical Digestion | |
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| Nutrition | |
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| Vitamins | |
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| Minerals | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Medical Focus: Human Teeth | |
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| MedAlert: Constipation | |
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| Medical Focus: Viral Hepatitis | |
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| Medical Focus: Antioxidants | |
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| Working Together: Digestive System | |
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| The Urinary System | |
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| Urinary System | |
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| Functions of the Urinary System | |
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| Urinary Organs | |
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| Urination | |
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| Urine Formation | |
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| Steps in Urine Formation | |
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| Concentrated Urine | |
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| Special Features of the Nephron | |
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| Regulatory Functions of the Kidney | |
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| Fluid and Electrolyte Balance | |
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| Acid-Base Balance | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Visual Focus: Steps in Urine Formation | |
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| Medical Focus: Illnesses Detected by Urinalysis | |
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| MedAlert: Prostate Enlargement | |
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| Working Together: Urinary System | |
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| Reproduction and Development | |
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| The Reproductive System | |
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| Male Reproductive System | |
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| Testes | |
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| Genital Tract | |
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| External Genitals | |
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| Orgasm in Males | |
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| Regulation of Male Hormone Levels | |
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| Female Reproductive System | |
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| Ovaries | |
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| Genital Tract | |
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| External Genitals | |
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| Orgasm in Females | |
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| Regulation of Female Hormone Levels | |
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| Control of Reproduction and Sexually Transmitted Diseases | |
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| Infertility | |
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| Birth Control | |
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| Sexually Transmitted Diseases | |
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| Effects of Aging | |
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| Visual Focus: Anatomy of Ovary and Follicle | |
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| Medical Focus: Ovarian Cancer | |
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| Visual Focus: Regulation of Estrogen and Progesterone Secretion by Negative Feedback | |
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| MedAlert: Endometriosis | |
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| Medical Focus: Alternative Methods of Reproduction | |
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| Working Together: Reproductive System | |
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| Human Development and Birth | |
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| Fertilization | |
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| Development | |
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| Extraembryonic Membranes | |
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| Placenta | |
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| Pre-Embryonic and Embryonic Development | |
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| Fetal Development | |
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| Effects of Pregnancy on the Mother | |
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| Birth | |
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| Stages of Birth | |
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| Female Breast and Lactation | |
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| MedAlert: Detecting Birth Defects | |
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| Medical Focus: Teratogens | |
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| Medical Focus: Premature Babies | |
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| Human Genetics | |
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| Inheritance of Autosomes | |
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| Down Syndrome | |
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| Other Autosomal Abnormalities | |
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| Inheritance of Sex Chromosomes | |
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| Gene Inheritance | |
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| Genetic Disorders | |
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| Biochemical Genetics | |
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| Biotechnology | |
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| Gene Therapy | |
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| Visual Focus: Ex Vivo Gene Therapy in Humans | |
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| Reference Figures: The Human Organism | |
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| Understanding Medical Terminology | |
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| Answers to Objective Questions | |
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| Further Readings | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Credits | |
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| Index | |